BSE Odisha 9th Class English Grammar Solutions Chapter 11 Negatives and Interrogatives

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha Class 9 English Grammar Book Solutions Chapter 11 Negatives and Interrogatives Textbook Exercise Activity Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 9 English Grammar Solutions Chapter 11 Negatives and Interrogatives

A declarative sentence is divided into two broad sentences.
(ଗୋଟିଏ ତଥ୍ୟାତ୍ମକ ବା ବିବୃତିମୂଳକ ବାକ୍ୟ ୨ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ବିଭକ୍ତ)

Affirmative sentence (ଅସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟ) :
An affirmative sentence one which affirms or denotes ‘yes’ to a statement. (କୌଣସି ଉକ୍ତିକୁ ଅସ୍ତି ମୁହଁ ଅର୍ଥରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରୁଥିବା ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ଅସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟ କୁହାଯାଏ ।)

Negative sentence (ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟ) :
A negative sentences gives or denotes a negative statement. Or, Anegative sentence is one which negates a statement.
(ଯେଉଁ ବାକ୍ୟ କୌଣସି ଉକ୍ତିକୁ “ନାହିଁ’ ବା “ ନାସ୍ତି’ ଅର୍ଥରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରେ, ତାହାକୁ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟ କୁହାଯାଏ।)

Affirmative sentences	Negative sentences
(i) Mini is fond of (ପ୍ରିୟ) sweets.	Mini is not fond of sweets.
(ii) Swallows are seen in winter.	Swallows are not seen in winter.
(iii) Bhima can climb up the tree.	Bhima can’t climb up the tree.
(iv) Sasmita slept last night.	Sasmita did not sleep last night.
(v) The moonlit night is boring.	The moonlit night is not boring.
(vi) He falls in bad company (କୁସଙ୍ଗ).	He does not fall in bad company.

While making a sentence negative, ‘not’ is normally used after the auxiliaries. (ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟା ସହିତ ‘not’ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକରେ ପରିଣତ କରାଯାଏ।)

In the absence of an auxiliary / helping verb, the appropriate form of the ‘do’ verb is taken to make it negative. (ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟା ନଥୁଲେ, ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ‘do’ ର ସଠିକ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।)

Example :

‘Do’ verbs in negatives
Present Simple	Present Simple	Past Simple
(eat)	(eats)	(ate)
don’t eat	does not eat	did not eat
(take)	(takes)	(took)
don’t take	does not take	did not take
(help)	(helps)	(helped)
do not help	does not help	did not help
(sing)	(sings)	(sang)
do not sing	does not sing	did not sing
(speak)	(speaks)	(spoke)
do not speak	does not speak	did not speak
(tell)	(tells)	(told)
do not tell	does not tell	did not tell
(cut / shut)	(cuts / shuts)	(cut / shut)
do not cut/shut	does not cut / shut	did not cut/shut
(fly)	(flies)	(flew)
do not fly	does not fly	did not fly
(feed)	(feeds)	(fed)
do not feed	does not feed	did not feed
(swim)	(swims)	(swam)
do not swim	does not swim	did not swim
(find)	(finds)	(found)
do not find	does not find	did not find
(sleep)	(sleeps)	(slept)
do not sleep	does not sleep	did not sleep
(know)	(knows)	(knew)
do not know	does not know	did not know
(write)	(writes)	(wrote)
Do not write	Does not write	Did not write
Do(main verb)	Does(M. V)	Did(M. V)
Do not do	Does not do	Did not do
(run)	(runs)	(ran)
Do not run	Does not run	Did not run

[Helping verb / auxiliary verb +not+ ‘base’ verb]
(ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟା + not (ନାହିଁ) + କ୍ରିୟାର ମୂଳରୂପ)
(Base verbs are eat, go, help, write, fly, move, ask, leave, swim, etc.)

Contractions (Auxiliary verbs) (ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟାଗୁଡ଼ିକର ସଂକୁଚିତ / କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ରୂପ)

Affirmative	Contracted Affirmative	Contracted Negative
I am ill.	I’m ill. (am = helping verb)	I’m not ill.
She is ill.	She’s ill. (is = helping verb)	She isn’t ill.
They are ill.	They’re ill. (are = helping verb)	They aren’t ill.
I have done.	I’ve done, (have = helping verb)	I haven’t done.
She will do.	She’ll do. (will=helping verb)	She won’t do.
I shall do.	I’ll do. (shall = helping verb)	I shan’t do.

Remember Pronouns (ସର୍ବନାମ)/ Nouns + contracted helping verbs
Nouns + contracted helping verbs	Pronouns + contracted helping verb with n’t
Ram’s done this work, (’s = has)	Rama hasn’t done this work.
You’d rung me by then, (’d = had)	You hadn’t rung me by then.  ‘
Neelima’d visit the zoo with her father. (’d=would)	Neelima wouldn’t visit the zoo with her father.
People’re getting selfish (ସ୍ଵାର୍ଥପର). (’re = are)	People aren’t getting selfish.

Helping verbs or auxiliary verbs are contracted with their use after the nouns or pronouns. (ବିଶେଷ୍ୟ ବା ସର୍ବନାମ (I, you, he, she, they, we, it ) ସହିତ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ସଂକୁଚିତ କରାଯାଏ। )

‘not’ is contracted into n’t after the auxiliaries. (ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟାପଦ ପରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ not କୁ ସଂକୁଚିତ n’t ରେ ଲେଖାଯାଏ)
‘d (had) – main verb past, participle, ‘d (would) – main verb ‘base’ form

Examples:
1. He had convened (ଡକାଇଥିଲେ) a meeting (convened = past participle)
Ans. He’d convened a meeting.

2. He would convene a meeting. (convene = base verb)
Ans. He’d convene (ଡକାଇବ) a meeting.
(not = full form/n’t = contracted form)

To make a sentence negative, we also use negative operators such as – no, never, nor, neither…nor and none.
(ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ଆମ୍ଭେମାନେ କେତେକ negative operators (ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ କାରକ) ବ୍ୟବହାର କରୁ।)

Examples:
(i) No one / None can count the stars.
(ii) We can never forget Gandhiji.
(iii) There is no rose that has no thorn.
(iv) You can neither cheat me nor befool me.
(v) He did not help me, nor his father.

An exclamatory sentence can never be negative.
(ବିସ୍ମୟସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ଆଦୌ ନାସ୍ତିବାଚକରେ ପରିଣତ କରିହେବ ନାହିଁ ।)

Wrong / Incorrect	Right / correct
(i) How unfortunate (ହତଭାଗ୍ୟ) he is not!	= How unfortunate he is !
(ii) How beautifully she couldn’t sing!	= How beautifully she sang!
(iii) What nonsense your words are not!	= What nonsense your words are !
(iv) What a huge palace it was not!	= What a huge palace it was !
(v) How brilliantly the team India have not played !	= How brilliantly the team India have played!
(vi) What an exciting victory it wasn’t!	= What an exciting victory it was !

Interrogative Sentences/Questions (ପ୍ରଶ୍ନସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟ)
An interrogative sentence is one that interrogates or puts question(s) about something or somebody. (କୌଣସି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ବା ବସ୍ତୁ ସଂପର୍କରେ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ କରୁଥିବା ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନସୂଚକ କୁହାଯାଏ ।)
Look at the sentences below:
1. Is it raining? (ବର୍ଷା ହେଉଛି କି ?)
2. Will Bikun come today? (ବିକୁନ୍ ଆଜି ଆସିବ କି ?)
3. Do you like sweets? (ତୁମକୁ ମିଠା ଭଲ ଲାଗେ କି ?)
4. Did the police arrest the thief? (ପୋଲିସ୍ ଚୋରକୁ ଗିରଫ କଲା କି ?)
5. Why are you late? (ତୁମର ଡେରି କାହିଁକି ?)
6. What is your hobby? (ତୁମର ଅବସରକାଳୀନ ପ୍ରିୟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ?)
7. How do you go there ? (ତୁମେ ସେଠାକୁ କିପରି ଯାଅ ?)

In the first four sentences, we expect answers whether ‘yes’ or ‘no’. So they are called ‘Yes’ ‘No’ Interrogatives.
(ପ୍ରଥମ ଚାରୋଟି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଆମ୍ଭେମାନେ ହଁ ବା ନାହିଁରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଆଶା କରୁଥିବାରୁ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ‘Yes? – ‘No’ Interrogative କୁହାଯାଏ ।)
In the last three sentences, one expects answers to questions like why, what and how. So these sentences are called Wh-Interrogatives.
(ଶେଷ ତିନୋଟି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଜଣେ କାହିଁକି, କ’ଣ ଓ କିପରି ଆଦି ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଆଶା କରୁଥିବାରୁ ଏଭଳି ବାକ୍ୟକୁ Wh-Interrogatives / Wh-questions କୁହାଯାଏ ।)

Declarative sentence	Yes-No Interrogative (beginning with Auxiliary verbs)	Wh-Interrogative (beginning with Wh-word)
Sibasis scored better marks.	Did Sibasis score better marks?	Who scored better marks?
An elephant lives on green leaves.	Does an elephant live on green leaves?	What does an elephant live on?
They will visit father tomorrow.	Will they visit father tomorrow?	When will they visit Father?
I pray to God every day.	Do you pray to God every day?	Whom do you pray every day?

Making of ‘Yes – No’ Interrogatives and Wh-interrogatives

Yes – No Interrogatives	Wh – Interrogatives
Auxiliary + subject + ……… ?	(i)Wh – questions + main verb …….. ? Or (ii)Wh – questions + auxiliary verb + subject + main verb +……. ?

Examples:
The Prime Minister met the President yesterday.
Wh-question (i) : Who met (main veb) the President yesterday? (For the Prime Minister)
Wh-question (ii) : When did (auxiliary verb) the Prime Minister meet the President? (For ‘yesterday’)

The use of Wh-words:
What’ – କ’ଣ (ବସ୍ତୁ ବା ପଦାର୍ଥ)
Whose – କାହାର (ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି । ପ୍ରାଣୀ । ବସ୍ତୁ)
Where – କେଉଁଠାରେ ( ସ୍ଥାନ)
Why – କାହିଁକି (କାରଣ)
How long – କେତେସମୟ (ସମୟର ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ)
How many – କେତେ ସଂଖ୍ୟକ (ଗଣନୀୟ)
Which – କେଉଁଟା (ବାନ୍ଧିବ) (ବସ୍ତୁ । ପଦାର୍ଥ । ସ୍ଥାନ)
Whom – କାହାକୁ (ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି । ପ୍ରାଣୀ)
When – କେତେବେଳେ (ସମୟ )
How – କିପରି (ଅବସ୍ଥା)
How far – କେତେଦୂର (ଦୂରତା)
How much – କେତେ ପରିମାଣରେ (ଅଗଣନୀୟ)

Yes-No Interrogatives with ‘Do’ verbs
(i) Declarative sentence: They shout a lot.
Yes-No Interrogative: Do they shout a lot?
(ii) Declarative sentence: A Motorola mobile costs much.
Yes-No Interrogative: Does a Motorola mobile cost a lot?
(iii) Declarative sentence: Mother fed the beggar boy.
Yes-No Interrogative: Did mother feed the beggar boy?
(iv) Declarative sentence: Padmini cut her middle finger this morning.
Yes-No Interrogative: Did Padmini cut her middle finger this morning?
(v) Declarative sentence: I hate you.
Yes-No Interrogative: Do you hate me?

Textual Activities With Answers

Activity – 1

Make the following sentences negative. The first one has been done for you. (ନିମ୍ନଲିଖତ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକରେ ପରିଣତ କର (ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଉଦାହରଣ ସହ)।

Affirmatives Negatives
(Mark the underlined helping verbs)
(ରେଖାଙ୍କିତ ସାହାଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କ୍ରିୟାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର ।)

1. A baby can swim.
Answer:
A baby can’t swim.

2. This tea is hot.
Answer:
This tea is not hot. (main verb)

3. Rabi is sleeping.
Answer:
Rabi is not sleeping.

4. The boys are playing.
Answer:
The boys are not playing.

5. Namita will return today.
Answer:
Namita won’t return today.

6. She must be Sheela.
Answer:
She mustn’t/ can’t be Sheela. (ହୋଇ ନଥ‌ିବ)

7. Mantu has done a mistake.
Answer:
Mantu has not done a mistake.

8. Babita may come here.
Answer:
Babita may not come here

Note: will not won’t, shall + not = shall not or shan’t

Activity – 2

Make the following sentences negative. The first one has been done for you. (ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ଉଦାହରଣ ଭଳି ନିମ୍ନଲିଖିତ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନାସ୍ତି ସୂଚକରେ ପରିଣତ କର Negative sentence )

1. Kuna invited me.
Answer:
Kuna did not invite me.

2. Rajesh has a red pen.
Answer:
Rajesh has not a red pen.

3. The fire engine came late.
Answer:
The fire engine did not come late.

4. They often make noise.
Answer:
They don’t make noise quite often.

5. The ozone layer keeps us safe.
Answer:
The ozone layer does not keep us safe.

6. The girl told a lie. (ମିଛକଥା)
Answer:
The girl did not tell a lie.

Activity – 3

Turn the following sentences into negatives. Use the contracted form n’t for not. The first one has been done for you. (contracted form n’t ବ୍ୟବହାର ନିମ୍ନଲିଖତ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକରେ ପରିଣତ କର)

1. We should help one another.
Answer:
We shouldn’t help one another.

2. Swati writes well.
Answer:
Swati doesn’t write well.

3. Buddhiman has been to Kolkata.
Answer:
Buddhiman hasn’t been to Kolkata.

4. You must ask him.
Answer:
You mustn’t ask him.

5. Rebati should remember it.
Answer:
Rebati shouldn’t remember it.

6. He does his work sincerely.
Answer:
He doesn’t do his work sincerely.

7. My father can speak four languages.
Answer:
My father can’t speak four languages.

Activity – 4

Make interrogative sentences.
Example: Kajal can solve the problem. Q: Can Kajal solve the problem?

Affirmatives Interrogatives
1. Shivaji was clever.                – Q: Was Shivaji clever?
2. Ranjita had done that.         – Q: Had Ranjita done that?
3. The children are shouting.   – Q: Are the children are shouting?
4. She has seen me.                 – Q: Has she seen me?
5. Dogs can be more faithful.  – Q: Can dogs be more faithful?
6. Mohan is a good student.   – Q: Is Mohan a good student?
7. I am doing my best.            – Q: Are you doing your best?

Activity – 5

Make Yes/No answer type questions. One example has been shown.
Example: Reshma works at home. – Q: Does Reshma work at home?

1. Rupali always smiles?                                 – Q: Does Rupali always smile?
2. Biswajit occasionally tells a lie.                  – Q: Does Biswajit occasionally tell a lie?
3. Trees breathe out oxygen.                          – Q: Do trees breathe out Oxygen?
4. He put the book on the table.                    – Q: Did he put the book on the table?
5. Mother cooks nicely.                                  – Q: Does mother cook nicely?
6. Everyone in the team performed well.       – Q: Did everyone in the team perform well?
7. He confessed (ସ୍ଵୀକାର କଲା) his guilt (ଦୋଷ).   – Q: Did he confess his guilt?

Activity – 6

Make questions using Who/What/When/Which/Where/Why/How to get the underlined words as answers. The first one has been done for you. (Wh-words କୁ ସଠିକ୍ ଭାବରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ଉଦାହରଣ ଭଳି ପ୍ରଶ୍ନସୂଚକ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ପରିଣତ କର ।)

Examples:
1. He lives in Kolkata.
2. I’m 14 years old.
3. Rajesh reached home at 7 p.m.
4. Pinky snatched the book from Seema.
5. Her name is Avipsa.
6. They went there on a picnic.
7. The second flat belongs to Mr Patra.
Interrogatives
Q: Where does he live?
Q: How old are you?
Q: When did Rajesh reach home?
Q: Who snatched the book from Seema?
Q: What is her name?
Q: Why did they go there?
Q: Which flat belongs to Mr Patra?

Negatives and Interrogatives Additional Questions With Answers

Make the following sentences negative. (Use a contracted form of ‘not’)

1. Swallows are seen in winter.
Answer:
Swallows aren’t seen in winter.

2. Mantu has done a mistake.
Answer:
Mantu hasn’t done a mistake.

3. The boy can swim.
Answer:
The boy can’t swim

4. The moonlit night is very pleasant.
Answer:
The moonlit night isn’t very pleasant

5. Minu writes well.
Answer:
Minu doesn’t write well

6. She cut her finger.
Answer:
She didn’t cut her finger

7. Jayadev plays cricket.
Answer:
Jayadev doesn’t play cricket

8. I paid the bill in cash.
Answer:
I didn’t pay the bill in cash

9. He does his work sincerely.
Answer:
He doesn’t do his work sincerely

10. Mahesh did it by mistake.
Answer:
Mahesh didn’t do it by mistake.

11. Jyotsna will win the game.
Answer:
Jyotsna won’t win the game

12. We should help one another.
Answer:
We shouldn’t help one another

13. They are ill today.
Answer:
They aren’t ill today.

14. Mousumi has been to Kolkata.
Answer:
Mousumi hasn’t been to Kolkata

15. We have done our work.
Answer:
We haven’t done our work

16. My father can speak Hindi.
Answer:
My father can’t speak Hindi

17. He has a black pen.
Answer:
He doesn’t have a black pen

18. He told me an interesting story.
Answer:
He didn’t tell me an interesting story

19. The farmers plough their field.
Answer:
The farmers don’t plough their field

20. She made a great mistake.
Answer:
She didn’t make a great mistake

21. The police arrested the thief.
Answer:
The police didn’t arrest the thief

22. We go there in summer.
Answer:
We don’t go there in summer

23. Winter has set in.
Answer:
Winter hasn’t set in

24. The children play here.
Answer:
The children don’t play here

25. The sun set at 6 p.m.
Answer:
The sun didn’t set at 6 p.m.

Make yes / no answer-type questions of the following sentences.

1. Puja is a good student.
Answer:
Is Puja a good student?

2. Dogs can be more faithful.
Answer:
Can dogs be more faithful?

3. Nishant will come tomorrow.
Answer:
Will Nishant come tomorrow?

4. Trees breathe out oxygen.
Answer:
Do trees breathe out oxygen?

5. The girl sings beautifully.
Answer:
Does the girl sing beautifully?

6. The boy broke his slate.
Answer:
Did the boy break his slate?

7. The sun rises in the east.
Answer:
Does the sun rise in the east?

8. He has a nice wristwatch.
Answer:
Does he have a nice wristwatch?

9. Bedant returned yesterday.
Answer:
Did Bedant return yesterday?

10. The book contains 150 pages.
Answer:
Does the book contain 150 pages?

11. The hunter saw a hare.
Answer:
Did the hunter see a hare?

12. He caught the hare.
Did he catch the hare?
Answer:

13. The cat ate the mouse.
Answer:
Did the cat eat the mouse?

14. They grow wheat in their fields.
Answer:
Do they grow wheat in their fields?

15. Today is a holiday.
Answer:
Is today a holiday?

Make questions using who/ what/ when / why / where/ how to get the underlined words as answers.

1. They have something in their hands.
Answer:
What do they have in their hands?

2. He cuts the corn very quickly.
Answer:
What does he cut very quickly?

3. The boy is very friendly.
Answer:
What is the boy like?

4. The children want to play.
Answer:
What do the children want to do?

5. His funny face made me laugh.
Answer:
What made you laugh?

6. He found a coin on the road.
Answer:
What did he find on the road?

7. He goes there by train.
Answer:
How does he go there?

8. He cut the apple with a knife.
Answer:
How did he cut the apple?

9. The girl is 10 years old.
Answer:
How old is the girl?

10. Cuttack is 20 km far from Bhubaneswar.
Answer:
How far is Cuttack from Bhubaneswar?

11. The wall is 8 feet high.
Answer:
How high is the wall?

12. The book costs fifty rupees.
Answer:
How much does the book cost?

13. Her father returned on 20 March.
Answer:
When did her father return?

14. They come home during vacations.
Answer:
When do they come home?

15. His name is Samir.
Answer:
What is his name?

16. He reads in a co-education school.
Answer:
Where does he read?

17. He didn’t come due to his illness.
Answer:
Why didn’t he come?

18. That red book is mine.
Answer:
Which book is yours?

19. My father is in New Delhi.
Answer:
Where is your father?

20. Mr. Panda is my best friend.
Answer:
Who is your best friend?

21. The children can play for a long time.
Answer:
Who can play for a long time?

22. She likes her profession very much.
Answer:
How does she like her profession?

23. He put the book on the table.
Answer:
Where did he put the book?

24. The child cried because it didn’t find its mother.
Answer:
Why did the child cry?

25. English is spoken all over the world.
Answer:
Where is English spoken?