CHSE Odisha Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants

Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 5 Morphology of Flowering Plants Textbook Questions and Answers.

CHSE Odisha 11th Class Biology Chapter 5 Question Answer Morphology of Flowering Plants

Morphology of Flowering Plants Class 11 Questions and Answers CHSE Odisha

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Prop root is a modified …………. .
Answer:
Adventitious root

Question 2.
In ………… the adventitious root is modified for floating purpose.
Answer:
Jussiae repens

Question 3.
The modified adventitious root in Tinospora is …………. .
Answer:
Assimilatory roots

Question 4.
The thorn of Aegle is a modified …………. .
Answer:
Axillary bud

Question 5.
Zingiber is a modified …………. .
Answer:
Rhizome

Question 6.
Stem is negatively geotropic whereas root is …………. phototrophic.
Answer:
Negatively

Question 7.
Root is positively geotropic whereas stem is positively …………. .
Answer:
Phototrophic

Question 8.
In Allium cepa the type of modified stem is a …………. .
Answer:
Bulb

Question 9.
The appendage present at the base of the pedicel of a flower is known as …………. .
Answer:
bracteoles

Question 10.
The appendage present in between the base of the pedicel and thalamus is called …………. .
Answer:
Receptacle

Question 11.
The swollen upper portion of the pedicel in a flower is known as …………. .
Answer:
Thalamus

Question 12.
A plant is said to be …………. when both male and female flower are present in the same plant.
Answer:
Monoecious

Question 13.
A plant is said to be …………. when both androecium and gynoecium are absent.
Answer:
Neutral

Question 14.
When staminate, pistillate and bisexual flowers develop on the same plant, it is said to be …………. .
Answer:
Androgynomonoecious

Question 15.
A flower is said to be …………. when it is divided into exactly two equal halves passing through the centre in one position only.
Answer:
Zygomorphic

Question 16.
In epigynous flower the ovary is …………. .
Answer:
Inferior

Question 17.
In …………. flower the thalamus is a inverted cone with spongy flat top.
Answer:
Lotus

Question 18.
In rose flower the development of thalamus is called …………. .
Answer:
Monstrous

Question 19.
Foliar nature of sepals is seen in …………. flower.
Answer:
Mussaenda

Question 20.
In banana, the bract is …………. shaped.
Answer:
Boat

Question 21.
Small, dry, scaly bracts found in grass family are called …………. .
Answer:
Glumes

Question 22.
When sepals are coloured like petals the calyx of the flower is said to be …………. .
Answer:
Petaloid

Question 23.
The calyx is known as …………. when the sepals remain attached in fruit.
Answer:
Persistent

Question 24.
In mustard the form of corolla is …………. .
Answer:
Cruciform

Question 25.
In Vinca the form of corolla is …………. .
Answer:
Salvar-shaped

Question 26.
Quincuncial type of aestivation is found in …………. plant.
Answer:
Catharanthus

Question 27.
The flower is said to be …………. in which the carpels are united.
Answer:
Syncarpous

Question 28.
The placentation, in the members of family Cruciferae is of …………. type.
Answer:
Parietal

Question 29.
The placentation, …………. type is found in the family-Compositae.
Answer:
Basal

Question 30.
In Brassica, the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Raceme

Question 31.
In Oryza, the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Panicle

Question 32.
In Banana, the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Compound spadix

Question 33.
In Coriandrum the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Umbel

Question 34.
Hypanthodium type of inflorescence is found in …………. .
Answer:
Ficus

Question 35.
Cyathuim type of inflorescence is found in …………. .
Answer:
Euphorbia or Poinsettia

Question 36.
In family-Labiatae, the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Verticillaster

Question 37.
In Calotropis, the type of inflorescence is …………. .
Answer:
Polychasial cyme

Question 38.
In cotton the fruit is …………. type. (legume, follicle, siliqua, capsule)
Answer:
Capsule

Question 39.
The fruit of pomegranate is a …………. . (berry, amphisarca, balausta, nut)
Answer:
Balausta

Question 40.
Coconut is a fruit which is classified as …………. . (drupe, berry, nut, capsule)
Answer:
drupe

Question 41.
A polycarpellary apocarpous pistil gives rise to …………. kind of fruit. (simple, aggregate, multiple pome)
Answer:
Aggregate

Question 42.
The fruit of pineapple is known as …………. . (syconus, hesperidium, sorosis, balausta)
Answer:
sorosis

Question 43.
Caryopsis type of fruit is found in …………. . (legume, mustard, rice, cotton)
Answer:
rice

Question 44.
Tomato is a fruit classified as …………. . (drupe, berry, capsule, pepo)
Answer:
Berry

Question 45.
Mango is a fruit which is classified as ………….. . (drupe, berry, nut, pome)
Answer:
drupe

Question 46.
Mustard is a fruit classified as ………….. .(legume, follicle, siliqua, capsule)
Answer:
siliqua

Question 47.
The receptacle grows, becomes fleshy and edible in ………….. . (pome, berry, drupe, pepo)
Answer:
Pome

Question 48.
Parthenocarpic fruit results when ………….. . (ovules do not develop in the ovary, more than one embryo develop in the ovule, fruits develop without fertilisation, gametes formed without reduction division)
Answer:
Fruits develop without fertilisation

Question 49.
In Mimosa the fruit is ………….. type. (cremocarp, regma, carcerule, lomentum)
Answer:
Lomentum

Question 50
………….. type of fruit is found in sunflower. (Caryopsis, achene, cypsela, nut)
Answer:
Cypsela

Question 51.
The fruit of fig is known as ………….. .(syconous, hesperidium, sorosis, balausta)
Answer:
Syconus

Question 52.
Hiptage fruit is classified as ………….. .(caryopsis, samara, achene, cypsela)
Answer:
Samara

Question 53.
The fruit of castor is known as ………….. .(Lomentum, cremocarp, regma, carcerulus)
Answer:
Regma

Question 54.
The fruit of orange is known as ………….. .(drupe, berry, pepo, hesperidium)
Answer
Hesperidium

Question 55.
The fruit develops from a hollow, pear-shaped fleshy receptacle enclosing a number of minute seeds is known as ………….. .(drupe, berry, sorosis, syconus)
Answer:
Syconus

Question 56.
The edible part of apple (pome) is ………….. .(fleshy calyx, fleshy thalamus, fleshy peduncle, fleshy ovary)
Answer:
Thalamus

Question 57.
In rice the edible part of fruit is ………….. .(Thalamus, endocarp, placentae, starchy endosperm)
Answer:
Starchy endosperm.

Express the following in one word

Question 1.
The roots that develop from the base of the radicle in rice plant.
Answer:
Tap root

Question 2.
The root system that develops from the portions other than the radicle.
Answer:
Adventitious root

Question 3.
The modified tap root that looks like a spindle.
Answer:
Fusiform root

Question 4.
The organ of the plant that arises from the plumule.
Answer:
Stem

Question 5.
A compact young shoot in which the young rudimentary leaves are covered.
Answer:
Bud

Question 6.
Openings present on the leaves for gaseous exchange.
Answer:
Stomata

Question 7.
The membranous stipules that occur in Polygonum.
Answer:
Ochreate

Question 8.
The type of compound leaves found in Coriandrum.
Answer:
Decompound

Question 9.
The type of compound leaves found in Bombax.
Answer:
Multifoliate

Question 10.
The type of modification of leaf in which petiole forms a sickle-shaped structure.
Answer:
Phyllode

Question 11.
A flower in which gynoecium is present, but androecium is absent.
Answer:
Pistillate

Question 12.
A flower which is divided into equal halves passing through the centre in any plane.
Answer:
Actinomorphic

Question 13.
Male and female flowers borne on two different plants.
Answer:
Dioecious

Question 14.
Staminate, pistillate and bisexual flowers develop on the same plant.
Answer:
Androgynomonoecious

Question 15.
Flowers without sepals and petals.
Answer:
Achlamydeous

Question 16.
The thalamus projecting into the ovary and carpels remaining attached to it and separating at maturity.
Answer:
Carpophore

Question 17.
Bracts from one or more whorls around a flower or a group of flowers.
Answer:
Bracteoles

Question 18.
Sepals falling off along with the petals just after fertilisation.
Answer:
Deciduous

Question 19.
Growth of calyx along with the fruit.
Answer:
Accrescent

Question 20.
The funnel-shaped corolla looking like an inverted cone.
Answer:
Infundibuliform

Question 21.
From of corolla in which the corolla tube is swollen in the middle, but tapers towards both base and apex.
Answer:
Urceolate

Question 22.
The condition where calyx and corolla are not differentiated.
Answer:
Perianth

Question 23.
Stamen without fertile anthers.
Answer:
Staminode

Question 24.
Attachment of the anther to the filament where anthers seem to swing freely.
Answer:
Versatile

Question 25.
Condition where out of six stamens, four inner long and two outer short.
Answer:
Tetradynamous

Question 26.
Anthers remaining free and fillaments united to form one bundle.
Answer:
Monodelphous

Question 27.
Condition where stamen attached with the corolla lobes.
Answer:
Epipetalous

Question 28.
Stamens are united by their anthers while filaments are free.
Answer:
Syngenesious

Question 29.
Both filaments and anthers are united throughout their length.
Answer:
Synandrous

Question 30.
Condition of stamens in which the first whorl is alternating with sepals and the second whorl is alternating with petals.
Answer:
Alterniphyllous

Question 31.
Syncarpous ovary, two or more chambers, centrally placed placenta bearing ovules (Name the type of placentation).
Answer:
Axile

Question 32.
In a flower out of four stamens two are outer and shorter and two are inner and longer. What is the condition known as?
Answer:
Didynamous

Question 33.
Monocarpellary gynoecium in which the placenta develops along the fused margin of the carpel. (Name the type of placentation).
Answer:
Marginal

Question 34.
Type of racemose inflorescence found in Tridax.
Answer:
Capitulum

Question 35.
Type of cymose inflorescence found in Ixora.
Answer:
Biparous or dicharial cyme

Question 36.
(a) Which is the edible part of Orange?
Answer:
Juicy endocarp and placental hairs

(b) Which is the edible part of Cashew nut?
Answer:
Cotyledons, fleshy thallamus

(c) Which part of the Jackfruit is edible?
Answer:
Fleshy axis

(d) Which is the edible part in Coconut?
Answer:
endosperm

(e) In which fruit fleshy aril is edible?
Answer:
Litchi

(f) Which is the edible part in Mango?
Answer:
Mesocarp

(g) Which is the edible part of Banana?
Answer:
Mesocarp and endocarp

(h) In Date-palm which is the edible part?
Answer:
Epicarp and mesocarp

(i) Which is the edible part in Grape?
Answer:
Pericarp and placenta

(j) Which mechanism helps the seeds of Amaranthus to disperse by wind?
Answer:
Anemophily

True-False Type

Question 1.
Roots are negatively geotropic.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Tap root develops from radicle.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Root hairs are multicellular.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
The root of Tinospora can manufacture its own food by photosynthesis.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Usually the root bears the buds.
Answer:
False

Question 6.
Cuscuta is an example of epiphytic root.
Answer:
False

Question 7.
Carrot is an adventitious root modification.
Answer:
False

Question 8.
Pneumatophores provide support to the plant.
Answer:
False

Question 9.
The stem ends in an axillary bud.
Answer:
False

Question 10.
Stem hairs are multicellular.
Answer:
True

Question 11.
Branches are endogenous in origin.
Answer:
True

Question 12.
Offset is an underground stem modification.
Answer:
False

Question 13.
Floral bud is modified into tendril in Passiflora.
Answer:
True

Question 14.
Tendrilar stipules are seen in Smilax.
Answer:
True

Question 15.
Leaf tendril is modified to provide protection.
Answer:
False

Question 16.
Phyllode is a modified leaflet.
Answer:
False

Differentiate between

Question 1.
Thorn and spine
Answer:
The differences between spines and thorns are

Spines	Thorns
Spines are modification of leaves or parts of leaves.	Thorns are modification of branches.
They occupy the same position as the leaves and bear a bud in their axil.	They are formed in the axil of the leaves in place of a bud.
Function include protection (defense) and also prevent excessive transpiration.	Function include protection (defense) and also serves as a climbing organ of the plant.
It is not deeply seated and may not be connected with vascular tissues.	Deeply seated and has connection with vascular tissues.
Spines are exogenous in origin i.e. formed from tissue present externally.	Thorns are endogenous in origin i.e. formed from deeply seated tissue of the plant.
ex. Opuntia, Agave	ex. Carissa, Duranta

Question 2.
Stem tuber and root tuber
Answer:
Differences between stemand root tuber are

Stem Tuber	Root Tuber
It is a swollen underground stem	It is swollen root
Apical bud is present	Apical bud is absent
Presence of nodes and internodes	Nodes and internodes are absent
On exposure to sunlight, stem tubers may develop chlorophyll.	No development of chlorophyll
Scaly leaves and auxiliary buds are present.	Scaly leaves and auxiliary buds are absent.

Question 3.
Phylloclade and phyllode
Answer:
Differences between phylloclade and phyllode are

Phylloclade	Phyllode
It is the modification of stem	It is the modification of petiole
It develops in the axil of leaf	It has a bud in its axil which develops into a branch
It has nodes and flowers	It does not have nodes and flowers
Modified leaves are present in the form of spines and scales on its nodes.	It does not have spines and scales, as it is the modification of petiole.

Question 4.
Bulb and bulbil
Answer:
Differences between bulb and bulbil are

Bulb	Bulbil
It is a modified underground stem.	It is a modified aerial stem.
It is small cone or disc-like structure.	It is a multicellular and globular structure.
It is a condensed shoot.	A vegetative or floral bud in the axil of a leaf is modified into bulbil.
It contains concentric whorls of fleshy scales covered by few dried scales. Lateral buds are present in  the axil of fleshy leaves and terminal buds at the apex.	It contains few buds which give rise to aerial shoot.

Question 5.
Sucker and sucking root
Answer:
Differences between suker and sucking root or haustoria are

Sucker	Sucking Root or Haustoria
It arises from the basal, underground part of the main stem.	These are a leafless, non-green and parasitic plant, always growing in association with other plant.
It grows horizontally for a distance under the soil and then emerges obliquely upwards.	The parasites penetrate the small adventitious rootlets into the tissue of the host so that there is connection between the conducting systems of the two plants.
It develops a leafy shoot and adventitious roots before separating from the mother plant.	This is the channel through which food is sucked in by the parasite from the host.
e.g. Chrysanthemum	e.g. Cuscuta

Question 6.
Stem tendril and leaf tendril
Answer:
Differences between stem and leaf tendril are

Stem Tendril	Leaf Tendril
Stem tendrils are shoots that grow out of stem.	Leaf tendrils are modified leaves that emerges from leaf node.
These are modified shoot.	These may be modified leaves, leaflets, leaf tips or leaf stipule.
e.g.grapes	e.g.peas

Question 7.
Compound leaf and branch
Answer:
Differences between compound leaf and branch are:

Branch	Compound Leaf
It does not bear axillary bud in its axil.	It bears axillary bud in its axil.
It contains terminal buds.	It does not contain terminal bud.
Axillary buds are present in the axil of leaf branch.	Axillary bud is absent in the axil of leaflet.
Nodes and internodes are present	Nodes and internodes are absent.

Question 8.
Monoecious and dioecious
Answer:
Differences btween monoecious and dioecious plants are

Monoecious Plants	Dioecious Plants
Monoecious plants have both male and female flowers on the same species.	Dioecious plants produce . male and female flowers on different species.
Monoecious plants may pollinate itself.	Dioecious plants requires a partner to achieve pollination.
e.g. Oak tree, etc.	e.g. Asparagus, etc.

Question 9.
Zygomorphy and actinomorphy
Answer:
Differences between zygomorpy and actinomorphy are

Zygomorphy	Actinomorphy
Flowers that are bilaterally symmetrical so that they are able to be bisected into similar halves in only one plane, forming mirror images.	Flowers that are radially symmetrical so that they can be bisected into similar halves in more than one vertical plane, forming mirror images.
e.g. Gladiolus flower can be bisected into similar halves in only one vertical plane.	e.g. Romulea rosea flower can be bisected into similar halves in three different vertical planes.

Question 10.
Monochlamydous and dichlamydous
Answer:
Differences between monochlamydeous and dichlamydeous are

Monochlamydeous	Dichlamydeous
It is a flower having a single instead of a double perianth.	It is a flower having double perianth.
Flower may have a calyx without a corolla or possibly a corolla without a calyx.	Flower has both a calyx and a corolla.
e.g. Oak, walnuts, etc.	e.g. maples, horse chestnut, etc.

Question 11.
Isomerous and heteromerous
Answer:
Differences between isomerous and heteromerous are

Isomerous	Heteromerous
It is a flower which has equal number of parts in each whorl or are its multiple.	It is the flower which has different number of parts in each whorl or are not its multiple.
e.g. Bimerous, Trimerous sunflower, flowers	e.g. China rose, sunflower, rose etc.