Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Approaches to English Book 1 Solutions Unit 2 Text C: Human Environment Textbook Activity Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha Class 12 Alternative English Solutions Unit 2 Text C: Human Environment
Activity 13
(Self-check)
In this unit, you have gone through three texts. You were asked to name the first two texts. Check whether your titles were close to the original titles given below.
A. “Our Environment” from the book Environmental Science: Global concern by W.P. Cunningham and B.W. Saigo (1999) PP – 8 – 11.
“Impact of Global Wanning” by Arvind Gupta in Science Reporter, April 2001, pp24-26.
“Human Environment” by Indira Gandhi: An excerpt from a speech at the UN conference in Stockholm on June 14, 1972.
Activity 14
(Language Functions)
Unlike in Text A and Text B, in Text C you can find quite a few sentences with the first person subject,
I qt we. Why do you think there is such a difference?
What are the clues in Text C which suggest that it is an excerpt from a formal speech?
Activity – 15
Comprehension Oftexts
Question (a)
The title of Text – A is ‘Our Environment’. The title Text – C is ‘Human Environment’. Do the titles reflect different points of view? Explain.
Answer:
The two titles do not reflect different points of view. Both speak volumes about the environment and its pollution, but their approaches are different.
Question (b)
‘The inherent conflict is not between conservation and development but between environment and the reckless exploitation of man and earth in the name of efficiency’.What message does the speaker convey through these words in Text – C?
Answer:
The speaker wants to say that man is at the root of defiling the environment. His sense of superiority over others and relentless impetus progress have caused these uncompromising ills.
Question (c)
‘No-ecological project can survive a war’. What does the speaker mean?
Answer:
The speaker means that war destroys everything on earth. It not only kills but maims and deforms the living and the yet-to-come. No ecological project can help wars not to be launched.
Question (d)
Read the last paragraphs of the three texts (A-C). Do you find any differences among their conclusions? Write a brief note on the differences.
Answer:
The concluding paragraphs of the three texts substantially bear no differences. They center around the thing – protection of the environment has become the crying need of the hour.
Activity -16
Complete the following table contrasting Text – C with Text- Aon the parameters suggested below:
| Points of contrast | Text -A | Text – C |
| Writer purpose Writer’s point of view Views on population growth Mews on ecology |
Answer:
| Points of contrast Writer’s purpose | Text- A A marvelous planet environmental dilemma sign of hope |
Text- C Critical analysis of various things |
| Writer’s point of view involved | Destruction of the environment makes us helpless. His suggestion for restoration | Many things are like a vicious circle, are too difficult to deal with |
| Views on population growth | A major cause of environmental pollution | Not the major cause only |
| Views on ecology | detailed analysis | In brief. |
Activity -17
Cohesive Devices
What do the italicized words in the following sentences refer to in Text – C? The numbers in, brackets are paragraph numbers.
(i) We who are a part of nature and dependent on her for every need, speak………. (3)
(ii) It is decreasing in jungles……….. (3)
(iii) Thus we see that when it comes to the depletion of natural resources…….. (5)
(iv) This is no longer feasible nor will it be acceptable. (9)
(v) Will it remain confined to a narrow concern……? (12)
Answer:
(i) her – nature
(ii) it – wildlife
(iii) thus – this is how
(iv) this – withholding technology from ecology
(v) it – environment.
Activity – 18
Cohesive Devices
Choose the correct alternatives to complete the paragraph. European navigators had also learned that there were other problems besides hunger the thirst. (The navigators / they/ everyone) noticed that ships crews often because very sick (as / even / though / whereas) they were eating and drinking regularly, (although/ as / but) they did not understand why this happened. (However / infect/ nevertheless) the crews were suffering from a disease called scurvy caused by a lack of vitamin C. (At last / in the long run/ although) their gums became sore, their teeth fell out and many eventually.
Answer:
They noticed that ships crews often……….
even though they were eating and drinking……….
In feet, the crews were suffering………….
In the long run, their gums became sore…………
Activity -19
Given below are eight paragraphs on an appeal from the WorldWild Life Fund. The title of the passage is ‘Seve the Jungle – Save the World’. The appeal is given in eight sections. Ato H. Arrange the sections in the proper order to get the original passage.
(a) What are the burning reasons that drive men to destroy our monumental inheritance? Man seldom does anything for entirely rational reasons: usually, the less rational his ‘reasons, the more he defends them with short-term economic arguments. That is one of the modem lessons in ecology.
(b) We need the timber, we need the animals for food, pets, and of course for sport: continues the argument. Well, the forests have always been generous in their riches as far as they are able. They are not limitless. They are being exhausted at an ever-increasing speed and the habitats of innumerable other species of both flora and fauna and destroyed as a side effect.
(c) Many of you will know – because you have already contributed to our efforts – that the World Wild Life Fund is currently supporting more than 30 percent of conservation projects in various rainforest areas atone. The funds, ‘save the tiger appear for 4,00,000 raised to a magnificent 5,60,000, and governments responded not only by establishing reserves but also by controlling the trade in skins.
(d) We need the land for people runs the argument. Well, many people already inhabit the tropical forest belt. The native tribes have their own two impact lifestyle, hunting, trapping, and practicing a little cultivation. Perhaps not idyllic, it is nevertheless a lifestyle that does not endanger the forest ecosystem. We stress a little cultivation because, paradoxically, the forest soil is often infertile, and trees and green plants thrive on the comfort of their fallen foliage, which is rapidly broken down and recycled as nutrients. So when the jungle is cleared to plant crops, there is no means to put fertility back into the soil. Many governments spend much time resettling, people in deforested areas as part of so-called forward-looking development projects. But the crop yield is meager and brief. The soil soon makes its point. Erosion and flooding also tend to follow deforestation.
(f) Good husbandry- forest ecology, wisdom in planning less greed, and stupidity could keep man and the delicate rainforest relationship in balance indefinitely. This is our last great store host………… …our last wonderland. (g) Homo Faber, Man Builder has tragically always seen the jungles as something alien and environment to be vanquished, replaced with his own construction. In the past twenty years, the rate of pillage has increased alarmingly and huge tracts of verdant, beautiful forest- an irreplaceable treasure house of living things have given way often, to the wasteland. The evidence is that man will redouble his destructive efforts until the forest system is smashed and the jungle will function no more.
(h) Now we ask you to help us find our biggest ever international project: a two-year appeal to raise 1/2 million. The money will be used to sustain national parks and reserves within the tropical rainforest belt, in countries around the globe. Research, planning, manpower, and equipment all will be bought from the money you are able to give. If we cannot save the forests in their original state and the axe the bulldozer and the greater and lesser bureaucrat with his deadly pen have already seen to that- we must save enough to preserve them living burgeoning ecosystems the most remarkable on earth.
Answer:
1. (c) The so-called jungle of popular…………………….on earth.
2. (b) We need the timber…………………..as a side effect.
3. (f) Good husbandry…………………………last wonderland.
4. (d) We need the land…………….to follow deforestation.
5. (a) What are burning…………………….modem lessons in ecology.
6. (g) Homo Faber………………………….will function no more.
7. (c) Many of you………………….. trade in skins.
8. (b) Now we ask you………………. ….remarkable on earth.
Activity – 20
Brochure Writing
Read the following brochure on Chitika Lake.
Millions of intercontinental migrant birds, who go by natural instinct, fly great distances from places as for off Siberia, Mongolia, and South – Eastasia to their winter retreat in Chilka the largest brackish water lake in Asia. The placid blue lagoon, with a water-spread area of over one thousand square kilometers, is dotted with many picturesque islands and has the lofty mountains of the Eastern Ghats providing the ascetic backdrop.
This is the natural habitat of many species of flora and fauna including a number of rare endangered species like the Barakudia limbless skink The many fishing villages and sailing boats add local color and folklore lends a special flavor.
Dolphins provide the element of surprise.
And romance is in the air.
Be there and experience the real thing.
Extra Activity – 20(A)
Use the following expressions in the text – C in sentences of your own. Don’tcopyout the sentences from the text:
| Kinship | look upon |
| star-strewn sky | sanitation |
| throughout | hankers after |
| righteousness | perseverance |
| synonymous | dedicated |
| assault | Heritage |
| arrogant | instantly |
| prevent from | diabolic |
| poaching | ecological project |
| deprived | hopeless desolation |
| contaminated | remain unaffected |
| eradicated | equitable |
| conservation | remain confined to |
| disposed of | disparities |
| discarded | brought about |
| side effects | findings |
| inadequacy |
Answer:
Kinship: Man must develop a kinship with nature
Star-strewn sky: I enjoy sleeping under the star-strewn sky.
Throughout: There is a hue and cry throughout the country.
Righteousness: He is respected for his sense of righteousness.
Synonymous: Shankar’s name is synonymous with children’s art and literature.
Assault: The ruffian made a physical assault on the young man.
Arrogant: Nobody likes him for his arrogant behavior.
Prevent from: Children should be prevented from playing with fire.
Poaching: Preserving and poaching are the parallel human activities
Deprived: Everyone should be treated equally, no one should feel deprived
Contaminated: The river water is getting contaminated due to industrial sewage.
Eradicated: Poverty is very difficult to be eradicated
Conservation: Conservation of forests has become the crying need of the hour.
Concentrated on: He concentrated his mind on his studies.
Descended: The dirty and tom dresses should be discarded.
Side effects: This medicine produces no side effects.
Inadequacy: Inadequacy has a kinship with poverty.
Look upon: All citizens should be looked upon as equals
Sanitation: Sanitation is the prime concern of every city-dweller
Hankers after: He always hankers after money.
Perseverance: Perseverance is the main key to success.
Dedicated: The old man leads a dedicated life.
Heritage: We should be proud of our ancient heritage.
Instantly: You should instantly consult a doctor for your illness.
Diabolic: Guiltyambition and diabolic malice are his nature
Ecological project: An immediate ecological project should be made to fight pollution.
Hopeless desolation: The old man is living in hopeless desolation
Remain unaffected: His serene disposition remains unaffected by the noise.
Remain confined to A socialistic country that makes an equitable distribution of wealth
Equitable: Women should not remain confined to the four walls of the house.
Exclusive: Women have an exclusive right to sit over there
Disparities: Disparities in salary in the same capacity lead to less work.
Brought about: Information technology has brought about a tremendous revolution in the world.
Findings: There were no findings in his research.
Human Environment Summary in English
Progress should become synonymous with an assault on nature in most countries. The highest mountain in the world was claimed in 1953. Nehru objected to the phrase ‘Conquest of Everest”. Poverty and need are the greatest ‘polluters. The environment cannot be improved in conditions of poverty. Nor can poverty be eradicated without the use of science and technology. The inherent conflict is not between conservation and development but the between environment and the reckless exploitation of man and earth in the name of efficiency.
However, industrial civilization has promoted the concept of efficient man. He whose entire energies are concentrated on producing more in a given unit of time and from a given unit of manpower. Pollution is not a technical problem. The fault lies not in science and technology but in the sense of values of the contemporary world which ignores the rights of others and is forgetful of the longer perspective. The environmental problem of developing countries are not the side effects of excessive industrialization but reflect the inadequacy of development. Warfare is the bane of mankind. It not only kills instantly but also maims and deforms the living and the yet-to-born.
This also poisons the land, making it barren and desolate. The environmental crisis will be after the destiny of our planet. No one amongst us, whatever our status or strength in the circumstance, can remain unaffected. Life is one and the world is one and everything is interrelated The population explosion, poverty, ignorance and diseases, the pollution of our surroundings, and the stockpiling of nuclear weapons and biological and chemical agents of destruction are all parts of a vicious circle. Modem man must bear to re-establish an unbroken link with nature and with life.
Analytical Outlines
- Asoka was the first only monarch to be kind towards animals.
- They had forbidden the killing of animals for sports or food.
- progress has become synonymous with the assault on nature.
- It is an established fact.
- The highest mountain in the world was claimed in 1953.
- Nehru objected to the phrase ‘Conquest of Everest.
- Poverty and need are the greatest polluters.
- The tribal people live in the forests.
- They kill the trees in the forests.
- Actually, they destroy the forest entirely.
- They destroy it for food.
- They also destroy it for livelihood
- We should provide them with employment.
- We should also develop their purchasing power.
- So that we can stop deforestation
- Maximum people live in villages.
- Some even live in shunning areas.
- They keep the oceans, rivers, and air clean.
- They live in poverty.
- Actually, the environment can’t improve poverty.
- Even speaking with them regularly is not so easy.
- We should try to eradicate poverty.
- It can be done through the use of science.
- It can be also done through the use of technology.
- The inherent conflict is not between conservation and development.
- But it is between the environment and the reckless exploitation of man and earth.
- Of course, it is done in the name of efficiency.
- Pollution is not a technical problem.
- The fault does not lie in science and technology.
- But it lies in the sense of values in the contemporary world.
- The environmental problems of developing countries are not the side effects of excessive industrialization.
- It reflects the inadequacy of development.
- We can have knowledge from the research and perseverance of dedicated people.
- That knowledge is likely to play an important role in shaping our future plans.
- Actually, we all want peace.
- But modem warfare kills and deforms our living.
- Of course, the environmental crisis will profoundly change the future destiny of our planet.
- Life is one and the world is one.
- In feet, the vicious circle comprises so many things.
- These are population explosion and poverty.
- These are also ignorance and disease, the pollution of our surroundings.
- Even some are the stockpiling of nuclear weapons and biological chemical agents of destruction.
- The problem, of course, is related to modem man.
- Modem man must reestablish an unbroken link with nature and with life.
- He must learn to recognize the energy of growing things.
- The ancient men were doing this.
- Our devotion to the chanting of the Atharvaveda might help us to have a better environment.