Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Education Solutions Chapter 15 Value Education and Human Rights Education Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class Education Chapter 15 Question Answer Value Education and Human Rights Education
Group – A
Short type Questions with Answers
I. Answer with in Two/Three sentence :
Question 1.
What was the defining goal of education according to the National Commission of Secondary Education (1952-53)?
Answer:
The defining goal of education, according to the National Commission of Secondary Education, was character building.
Question 2.
What shift in focus occurred over the decades in the context of education for peace and value education?
Answer:
The shift in focus moved from religious and moral education to education for peace, reflecting changing societal sensibilities.
Question 3.
According to the National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992), why is value education urgently needed?
Answer:
The National Policy on Education emphasizes the urgent need for value education due to the growing erosion of essential values and increasing cynicism in society.
Question 4.
What role does education play in promoting universal and eternal values, according to the National Policy on Education?
Answer:
Education is seen as a forceful tool for the cultivation of desirable ethical, moral, spiritual, and social values, fostering universal and eternal values like compassion, courage, honesty, tolerance, and truthfulness.
Question 5.
What does the National Policy on Education express concern about in relation to value crisis’?
Answer:
The National Policy on Education expresses concern over the ‘value crisis and the role of education,’ highlighting the need for readjustments in the curriculum to cultivate social and moral values.
Question 6.
What basic right does Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights confer?
Answer:
Article 26 confers the basic right to education to everyone, stating that education shall be free at least in the elementary and fundamental stages, and elementary education shall be compulsory.
Question 7.
According to Article 26, what should education be directed towards?
Answer:
Education should be directed towards the full development of the human personality and the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Question 8.
What does the article emphasize about the purpose of education according to Swami Vivekananda?
Answer:
The article emphasizes that education should serve a particular purpose, aligning with the philosophy advocated by Swami Vivekananda, focusing on values, morals, and the needs of both society and the individual.
Question 9.
What role does education play in promoting understanding, tolerance, and global friendship?
Answer:
Education fosters understanding and tolerance, encouraging individuals to embrace diversity and cultivate friendships across the world, promoting a global perspective and mutual respect.
Question 10.
How does education contribute to the participation of individuals in societal development?
Answer:
Education empowers individuals to actively participate in the development of society by providing the knowledge and skills needed for economic, political, social, legal, and cultural engagement.
II. Answer with in Five/Six sentence :
Question 1.
Why is value education considered crucial in the context of national policies, and how has its focus evolved over the decades?
Answer:
Value education is deemed essential due to its role in character building and addressing societal concerns. Over the years, the focus has shifted from religious and moral education to education for peace, reflecting changing sensibilities and a need for holistic development. The emphasis on character, morality, and the development of ideal citizens aligns with the evolving educational landscape, mirroring global trends towards addressing violence and fostering social harmony.
Question 2.
According to the National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992), why is there an urgent need for value education ?
Answer:
The NPE underscores the urgent need for value education in response to the growing erosion of essential values and increasing cynicism in society. It recognizes education as a powerful tool for cultivating ethical, moral, spiritual, and social values. The policy aims to eliminate obscurantism, religious fanaticism, violence, superstition, and fatalism through a curriculum that promotes universal and eternal values. TheNPE highlights education’s acculturating role in refining sensitivities and perceptions, acknowledging the imperative of addressing the contemporary value crisis.
Question 3.
What goals does Human Rights Education aim to achieve, according to the provided text?
Answer:
Human Rights Education seeks to achieve several goals, including the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms, the development of human personality and dignity, fostering understanding, tolerance, and global friendship, promoting compassionate behavior and social inclusion, encouraging participation in societal development, inculcating values and morals,, and contributing to global peace and security.Through education, individuals are empowered to be aware of their rights, embrace diversity, and actively engage in societal development, aligning with the objectives of human rights at both national and international levels.
Question 4.
How does education contribute to the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms?
Answer:
Education is a fundamental tool in promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms by imparting knowledge, fostering critical thinking, and instilling a sense of justice. It contributes to creating a society where individuals are aware of their rights and responsibilities. Education empowers individuals to advocate for human rights, fostering a culture of respect and protection for all members of society.By promoting awareness and understanding of human rights principles, education equips individuals with the skills needed to address violations, advocate for justice, and contribute to the establishment of a society that upholds the dignity and rights of every individual.
Question 5.
How does education contribute to the development of human personality and dignity?
Answer:
The full development of the human personality and the realization of its dignity are closely linked to education. Through education, individuals gain self-awareness, critical thinking skills, and a broader perspective, contributing to personal growth and a profound sense of dignity. Education plays a transformative role in shaping individuals, enabling them to navigate the complexities of life with confidence and integrity. By fostering a sense of self-worth and respect for others, education contributes significantly to the development of a dignified and well-rounded personality.
Question 6.
In what ways does education promote understanding, tolerance, and global friendship?
Answer:
Education fosters understanding and tolerance by providing a platform for cultural exchange and awareness. It encourages individuals to embrace diversity and cultivate friendships across the world. By imparting knowledge about different cultures, histories, and perspectives, education promotes a global outlook and mutual respect among people of various backgrounds.Through education, individuals learn to appreciate differences, break down stereotypes, and contribute to the creation of a more tolerant and interconnected global community.
Question 7.
How does education contribute to compassionate behavior and social inclusion?
Answer:
Education plays a crucial role in promoting compassionate behavior by encouraging empathy and social inclusion. It equips individuals with the understanding and awareness needed to advocate for the rights and well-being of vulnerable groups, including refugees, the elderly, and children.By instilling a sense of responsibility and ethical-coriuc Vedueatjon; shapes individuals who actively engage in efforts to created more inclusive and compassionate society.
Question 8.
How does education align with the objectives of global peace and security, according to the text?
Answer:
Education aligns with the objectives of global peace and security by contributing to conflict
resolution, dialogue, and diplomatic efforts. Informed and educated individuals are more likely to engage in peaceful initiatives, understanding the importance of maintaining global peace.Through education, individuals develop the skills and knowledge required to address conflicts, promote diplomacy and contribute to the overarching goal of creating a peaceful and secure global environment.
Group – B
Long Type Questions With Answers
Question 1.
Define values and elaborate on their classification.
Answer:
Values are fundamental beliefs or principles that guide our attitudes, behaviors, and decision-making. They serve as a compass, influencing our choices and actions, and they play a pivotal role in shaping our character and identity. Values are deeply ingrained and often derive from a combination of cultural, societal, familial, and personal influences.
Classification of Values :
Personal Values : Personal values are unique to individuals and are shaped by personal experiences, upbringing, and individual preferences. These values reflect an individual’s beliefs about what is important in life, such as honesty, integrity, personal growth, or freedom. Personal values provide a foundation for personal identity and the way individuals navigate their lives.
Cultural Values : Cultural values are shared by a particular group, community, or society. They encompass the beliefs, norms, and traditions that are collectively held and passed down through generations. Cultural values play a significant role in shaping societal norms, behaviors, and expectations. Examples include respect for elders, community harmony, or the importance of family.
Ethical Values : Ethical values relate to principles of right and wrong, governing moral conduct. These values guide individuals and societies in determining what is considered morally acceptable or unacceptable. Ethical values often underpin professional codes of conduct and ethical decision-making frameworks. Examples include honesty, fairness, and justice.
Religious Values : Religious values are derived from religious teachings, doctrines, and beliefs. They guide individuals in their spiritual and moral conduct based on the tenets of their faith. Different religions may emphasize distinct values, such as compassion, humility, or devotion, contributing to the moral framework of.their followers.
Social Values : Social values pertain to the expectations and norms within a social context. They shape interpersonal relationships, community dynamics, and societal structures. Examples include tolerance, inclusivity, and cooperation. Social values play a crucial role in fostering a sense of community and shared responsibility.
Professional Values : Professional values are specific to various professions and industries. They define the ethical standards and behaviors expected within a professional setting. Integrity, accountability, and competence are examples of professional values that guide individuals in their careers and interactions within the workplace.
Environmental Values : With an increasing focus on sustainability and environmental consciousness, these values center around the responsibility to protect and preserve the environment. Environmental values include ecological awareness, conservation, and sustainable practices that aim to mitigate human impact on the planet.
Political Values : Political values are associated with political ideologies and beliefs about governance and societal organization. Concepts such as democracy, freedom, and justice are political values that guide individuals in their political affiliations and engagement.
In conclusion, values are multifaceted and can be classified into various categories based on their origin, influence, and application. Understanding the diverse classifications of values provides insight into the complex interplay of beliefs that shape individuals, communities, and societies at large.
Question 2.
Examine the necessity and significance of value-oriented education. Explore strategies for implementing value-oriented education in school settings.
Answer:
Value-oriented education is imperative in nurturing well-rounded individuals who not only possess academic knowledge but also uphold ethical principles, moral integrity, and a sense of social responsibility. In a world characterized by diverse cultures, rapid technological advancements, and evolving societal norms, the need for value-oriented education becomes paramount. Such education plays a pivotal role in developing the character of students, fostering empathy, and instilling a strong moral compass. Beyond academic achievements, individuals equipped with values contribute positively to society, promoting harmony, ethical decision-making, and a collective commitment to social welfare.
Strategies for Implementing Value-Oriented Education in School Settings:
Incorporate Values Across the Curriculum: Integrate values seamlessly into various subjects, creating opportunities for students to understand and apply ethical principles in different contexts. For instance, literature classes can explore characters’ moral dilemmas, while science lessons may delve into environmental ethics.
Promote Experiential Learning : Emphasize experiential learning by organizing field trips, community service projects, or collaborative activities that provide students with practical experiences to apply values in real-life situations. These experiences enhance understanding and foster a sense of responsibility.
Establish a Values-Based School Culture : Cultivate a school culture that emphasizes and rewards positive values. Recognize and celebrate instances of kindness, honesty, and collaboration. This not only reinforces the importance of values but also creates a supportive environment for their cultivation.
Encourage Open Dialogue and Reflection : Create spaces for open dialogue where students can discuss ethical dilemmas, societal issues, and personal values. Engage in reflective activities, such as journaling or group discussions, to help students articulate their values and understand the perspectives of others.
Model Values through Educators : Educators serve as role models for students. It is crucial that teachers embody the values they aim to impart. Consistent demonstration of values through actions, decisions, and interactions establishes a powerful example for students to emulate.
Integrate Character Education Programs: Implement structured character Education programs that explicitly teach and reinforce values. These programs can include age-appropriate lessons, activities, and discussions designed to develop specific virtues and ethical behaviors.
Involve Parents and the Community: Collaborate with parents and the community to create a cohesive approach to values education. Workshops, seminars, and community events can v provide opportunities for sTiared discussions and strategies to reinforce values both at home atid in school.
Use Technology Responsibly: Leverage technology to rejn’force positive values. Incorporate educational apps, online resources, or virtual platforms that emphasize moral and ethical themes. Utilize multimedia presentations and discussions to explore the ethical implications . of digital citizenship.
In conclusion, the necessity of value-oriented education lies in its ability to shape individuals who not only excel academically but also contribute meaningfully to society. By employing comprehensive strategies that embed values across the curriculum, promote experiential learning, and involve all stakeholders, schools can foster an environment where values are not just taught but are lived and embraced as an integral part of personal and societal development.
Question 3.
Define and explore the dimensions of Human Rights Education.
Answer:
Human Rights Education (HRE) is a transformative and holistic approach thatmO 10 seeks to empower individuals with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary to promote and protect human rights. At its core, HRE aims to foster a culture of respect, dignity, and equality, emphasizing the inherent worth and rights of every individual. This educational paradigm encompasses various dimensions that collectively contribute to the development of informed, responsible, and socially conscious global citizens.
Foundational Principles : At the heart of Human Rights Education are foundational principles rooted in international human rights instruments. These principles include the universality, indivisibility, interdependence, and inalienability of human rights. HRE seeks to instill an understanding that human rights are applicable to all individuals, regardless of their background, and are interconnected, forming an integral framework for a just and equitable society.
Knowledge and Understanding: One crucial dimension of HRE involves equipping individuals with a comprehensive understanding of human rights concepts, historical developments, and the international legal framework. This knowledge empowers individuals to recognize rights violations, understand the historical context of human rights struggles, and appreciate the significance of legal mechanisms in safeguarding human dignity.
Critical Thinking and Analysis : HRE goes beyond rote memorization, encouraging critical thinking and analytical skills. It prompts individuals to question societal norms, challenge discriminatory practices, and analyze the root causes of human rights violations. By developing critical perspectives, individuals become proactive advocates for justice and social change.
Skills Development: Human Rights Education emphasizes skill development to enable individuals to translate knowledge into action. This includes communication skills for effective advocacy, conflict resolution skills to address human rights issues peacefully, and the ability to engage in constructive dialogue to promote understanding and tolerance.
Promotion of Values and Attitudes : Values form a fundamental dimension of HRE, focusing on cultivating attitudes such as empathy, respect for diversity, and a commitment to social justice. It aims to instill a deep sense of responsibility towards protecting the rights of others and fostering a culture of inclusivity and solidarity.
Participation and Civic Engagement : HRE encourages active participation in civic life and human rights advocacy. It empowers individuals to engage with local and global communities, fostering a sense of agency and responsibility for creating positive change. Civic engagement becomes a tangible expression of the principles and values learned through human rights education.
Integration into Formal and Informal Education : HRE is integrated into formal education systems, curricula, and educational policies. It is also promoted through nformal channels such’as community-based initiatives, non-governmental organizations, and media. This dual approach ensures a broad reach, reaching diverse audiences across different settings.
Lifelong Learning and Continuous Engagement: Human Rights Education is viewed as a lifelong process, extending beyond formal education. Continuous engagement in human rights issues through ongoing learning, activism, and participation in civil society activities ensures that individuals remain informed, committed, and responsive to evolving human rights challenges.
In conclusion, Human Rights Education is a multifaceted approach that encompasses knowledge, critical thinking, skills development, values promotion, and active civic engagement. By addressing these dimensions, HRE equips individuals with the tools and perspectives needed to contribute to the promotion and protection of human rights in their communities and beyond.
Group – C
Objective type Questions with Answers
I. Multiple Choice Questions with Answers :
Question 1.
What was the defining goal of education according to the National Commission of Secondary Education (1952-53)?
(i) Vocational efficiency
(ii) Material prosperity
(iii) Character building
(iv) Religious education
Answer:
(iii) Character building
Question 2.
What does value education contribute to the development of an individual?
(i) Financial success
(ii) Balanced personality
(iii) Vocational efficiency
(iv) All of the above
Answer:
(ii) Balanced personality
Question 3.
According to the National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992), what is the urgent need for value education due to?
(i) Technological advancements
(ii) Growing erosion of essential values
(iii) Economic challenges
(iv) Political instability
Answer:
(ii) Growing erosion of essential values
Question 4.
Which values does the National Policy on Education aim to inculcate through value education?
(i) Competition and individualism
(ii) Courage and honesty
(iii) Secularism and nationalism
(iv) All of the above
Answer:
(iv) All of the above
Question 5.
What is the role of education according to the National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992)?
(i) Economic development
(ii) Acculturating and refining sensitivities
(iii) Technological innovation
(iv) Cultural preservation
Answer:
(ii) Acculturating and refining sensitivities
Question 6.
What fundamental right does the article on Human Rights Education emphasize for everyone?
(i) Right to freedom of speech
(ii) Right to education
(iii) Right to property
(iv) Right to privacy
Answer:
(ii) Right to education
Question 7.
According to the article on Human Rights Education, what does education promote among nations, racial or religious groups?
(i) Conflict and rivalry
(ii) Understanding, tolerance, and friendship
(iii) Cultural isolation
(iv) Religious fanaticism
Answer:
(ii) Understanding, tolerance, and friendship
Question 8.
What does education contribute to in terms of human rights and fundamental freedoms?
(i) Suppression of rights
(ii) Promotion of rights and freedoms
(iii) Selective rights for certain groups
(iv) Violation of rights
Answer:
(ii) Promotion of rights and freedoms
Question 9.
How is the development of the human personality linked to education?
(i) It hinders personal growth
(ii) It is unrelated to personal dignity
(iii) It contributes to personal growth and dignity
(iv) It limits self-awareness
Answer:
(iii) It contributes to personal growth and dignity
Question 10.
What role does education play in promoting compassionate behavior?
(i) Encourages indifference
(ii) Discourages empathy
(iii) Promotes compassionate behavior
(iv) Advocates for violence
Answer:
(iii) Promotes compassionate behavior
Question 11.
How does education empower individuals in societal development?
(i) By promoting isolation
(ii) By discouraging participation
(iii) By providing knowledge and skills
(iv) By limiting cultural engagement
Answer:
(iii) By providing knowledge and skills
Question 12.
What is one goal of education in relation to societal development?
(i) Encouraging discrimination
(ii) Limiting political engagement
(iii) Economic progress
(iv) Cultural stagnation
Answer:
(iii) Economic progress
Question 13.
What values does education aim to instill according to the objectives of human rights?
(i) Deception and dishonesty
(ii) Responsibility and ethical conduct
(iii) Individualism and selfishness
(iv) Superiority and arrogance
Answer:
(ii) Responsibility and ethical conduct
Question 14.
How does education contribute to global peace and security?
(i) By promoting conflict
(ii) Through conflict resolution and dialogue
(iii) By encouraging violence
(iv) By fostering isolationism
Answer:
(ii) Through conflict resolution and dialogue
Question 15.
What is the overall impact .of an informed and educated population on global peace?
(i) Increased likelihood of conflict
(ii) Maintenance of peace and security
(iii) Escalation of violence
(iv) Cultural homogenization
Answer:
(ii) Maintenance of peace and security
II. Fill in the blanks :
Question 1.
The National Commission of Secondary Education (1952-53) emphasized _____ as the defining goal of education.
Answer:
Character building
Question 2.
The shift of focus over the decades has moved from religious and moral education to education for _____.
Answer:
Peace
Question 3.
Value education helps develop a healthy and balanced _____.
Answer:
Personality
Question 4.
It enables a child to earn his livelihood and acquire material _____.
Answer:
Prosperity
Question 5.
Value education promotes _____ efficiency.
Answer:
Vocational
Question 6.
The National Policy on Education highlights the urgent need for value education due to the growing erosion of essential _____.
Answer:
Values
Question 7.
Education should foster universal and eternal _____.
Answer:
Values
Question 8.
According to the National Policy on Education, education has an acculturating role that refines _____ and perceptions.
Answer:
Sensitivities
Question 9.
Human Rights Education aims to prompte understanding, tolerance, and friendship among all nations, racial, or _____ groups.
Answer:
Religious
Question 10.
Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of _____ that shall be given to their children.
Answer:
Education
Question 11.
Education contributes to creating a society where individuals are aware of their rights and _____.
Answer:
Responsibilities
Question 12.
The full development of the human personality and the realization of its dignity are linked to _____ .
Answer:
Education
Question 13.
Education fosters understanding and tolerance, encouraging individuals to embrace diversity and cultivate _____ across the world.
Answer:
Friendships
Question 14.
Education empowers individuals to actively participate in the development of society, contributing to the overall progress of _____.
Answer:
Communities
Question 15.
Education aligns with international law by contributing to the establishment of global _____ and security.
Answer:
Peace
III. Correct the Sentences:
Question 1.
The National Commission of Secondary Education (1952-53) emphasized vocational efficiency as the defining goal of education.
Answer:
The National Commission of Secondary Education (1952-53) was a significant landmark in emphasizing character building as the defining goal of education.
Question 2.
The National Policy on. Education (1986 and 1992) does not highlight the urgent need for value education in view of the growing erosion of essential values.
Answer:
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) highlights the urgent need for value education in view of the growing erosion of essential values and increasing cynicism in society.
Question 3.
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) does not observe the concern over ‘value crisis and the role of education.
Answer:
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) observes the concern over ‘value crisis and the role of education.
Question 4.
According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, parents do not have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
Answer:
According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
Question 5.
The article on Human Rights Education does not emphasize the importance of education as a tool to enrich people to enjoy their rights guaranteed both nationally and internationally.
Answer:
The article on Human Rights Education emphasizes the importance of education as a tool to enrich people to enjoy their rights guaranteed both nationally and internationally.
Question 6.
Education does not contribute to the establishment of global peace and security according to the goals mentioned.
Answer:
Education aligns with the United Nations’ objectives and international law by contributing to the establishment of global peace and security.
Question 7.
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) does not mention the need for readjustments in the curriculum to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of social and moral values.
Answer:
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) mentions the need for readjustments in the curriculum to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of social and moral values.
Question 8.
Education is not directed to the full development of the human personality and the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Answer:
Education is directed to the full development of the human personality and the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Question 9.
The National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) does not express concern over ‘value crisis and the role of education.’
Answer:
The National Policy on Education (1986 and.1992) expresses concern over ‘value crisis and the role of education.’
Question 10.
The shift of focus, over the decades, from religious and moral education to education for peace, does not parallel the shifting sense and sensitivities in the larger context of education. Answer: The shift of focus, over the decades, from religious and moral education to education for peace, parallels the shifting sense and sensitivities in the larger context of education.
IV. Answer the following questions in one word :
Question 1.
What was the defining goal of education according to the National Commission of Secondary Education in 1952-53?
Answer:
Character building.
Question 2.
What is the primary objective of value education in the western context?
Answer:
Education for peace.
Question 3.
According to the National Policy on Education (1986), what values should education foster?
Answer:
Compassion, courage, honesty, tolerance, and truthfulness.
Question 4.
What is the urgent need highlighted by the NPE (1986) in relation to values in society?
Answer:
Growing erosion of essential values and increasing cynicism.
Question 5.
What role does education play in promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms?
Answer:
Fundamental tool.
Question 6.
According to the article, what is education directed towards?
Answer:
Full development of the human personality and strengthening respect for human rights.
Question 7.
Who has a prior right to choose the kind of education for children, according to the article?
Answer:
Parents.
Question 8.
What does education contribute to personal growth and a profound sense of?
Answer:
Dignity.
Question 9.
What does education encourage individuals to embrace and cultivate across the world?
Answer:
Diversity and friendships.
Question 10.
What crucial role does education play in societal development?
Answer:
Empowering individuals.
Question 11.
What does education contribute to the establishment of on a global scale?
Answer:
Peace and security.
Question 12.
According to the article, what values does education serve as a platform for inculcating?
Answer:
Values, morals, and ethical perspectives.
Value Education :
The concern for value education is reflected in our key policy documents from time to time. After independence, the National Commission of Secondary Education (1952- 53) was a significant landmark in emphasizing character building as the defining goal of education. The shift of focus, over the decades, from religious and moral education to education for peace, via value education, parallels the shifting sense and sensitivities in the larger context of education. The acceptance of education for peace as a necessary ingredient of holistic education in the western context was driven by deepening anxieties about the rise and spread of violence. A similar pattern is obtained in our context as well.
Importance of Value Education :
- Value education helps develop a healthy and a balanced personality.
- It enables a child to earn his livelihood and to acquire material prosperity.
- It develops vocational efficiency.
- It develops character and morality in children.
- It makes children ideal citizens.
- It helps in reconstruction of experiences.
- It enables children to adjust to their environment.
- It promotes social efficiency.
National Policy on Education (1986 and 1992) on the Need and Significance of Value Education:
The National Policy on Education (NPE; 1986) highlights the urgent need for value education in view of the growing erosion of essential values and increasing cynicism in society. With a well- designed system of curriculum, it is possible to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of desirable ethical, moral, spiritual and social values. Education should foster universal and eternal values. Value education should help to eliminate obscurantism, religious fanaticism, violence, superstition and fatalism. Education which inculcates universal and eternal values like compassion, courage, honesty, and tolerance and truthfulness, will help in developing balanced individuals and in creating a humane society.
The National Policy on Education (1986 and as amended in 1992) observes, ‘Every country develops its system of education to express and promote its unique socio-cultural identity and also to meet the challenges of the times. There are moments in history when a new direction has to be given to an age-old process. That moment is today.’ NPE has further observed, ‘Education has an acculturating role. It refines sensitivities and perceptions.’ The NPE has further expressed its concern over ‘value crisis and the role of education’ as, ‘The growing concern over the erosion of essential values and an increasing cynicism in society has brought to focus the need for readjustments in the curriculum in order to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of social and moral values.
Human rights education :
Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be-given to their children. This article confers the basic right to education to everyone. According to this, education should serve the purpose for which it is to pursue. This conjoins the saying and the philosophy advocated by Swami Vivekanda educating ourselves with values, morals and with a particular purpose to serve the needs of the society and as well oneself. Knowledge is inherent in every body. It can be sharpened only when it is tapped in a proper perspective. This article emphasis the importance of education as a tool to enrich people to enjoy their rights guaranteed both nationally and internationally. Accordingly, it aims to achieve the following goals.
They are:
• Promotion of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: Education is a fundamental tool in promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms for all. By imparting knowledge, fostering critical thinking, and instilling a sense of justice, education contributes to creating a society where individuals are aware of their rights and responsibilities.
• Development of Human Personality and Dignity: The full development of the human personality and the realization of its dignity are intricately linked to. education. Through education, individuals gain self-awareness, critical thinking skills, and a broader perspective, contributing to personal growth and a profound sense of dignity.
• Understanding, Tolerance, and Global Friendship: Education fosters understanding and tolerance, encouraging individuals to embrace diversity and cultivate friendships across the world. By providing a platform for cultural exchange and awareness, education promotes a global perspective and mutual respect among people of different backgrounds.
• Compassionate Behavior and Social Inclusion: Education plays a crucial role in promoting compassionate behavior, especially towards vulnerable groups. It encourages empathy and social inclusion, urging individuals to advocate for the rights and well-being of refugees, the elderly, children, and other socially disadvantaged sections.
• Participation in Societal Development: Education empowers individuals to actively participate in the development of society and states. It provides the knowledge and skills needed for economic, political, social, legal, and cultural engagement, contributing to the overall progress of communities.
• Inculcation of Values and Morals: Education serves as a platform for inculcating values, morals, and ethical perspectives. By instilling a sense of responsibility and ethical conduct, education shapes individuals who contribute positively to society, aligning with the objectives of human rights.
• Contribution to Global Peace and Security: Education aligns with the United Nations’ objectives and international law by contributing to the establishment of global peace and security. Informed and educated individuals are more likely to engage in conflict resolution, dialogue, and diplomatic efforts to maintain peace on a global scale.