Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Invitation to English 4 Solutions Grammar Phrasal Verbs Textbook Activity Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class English Grammar Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs are characterised by the following :
They consist of two and only two items. The first is an item which on its own functions as a verb and the second is an adverbial particle.
Put aside = forget
Put (verb) + aside (adverbial particle)
We should put aside our differences and make a new beginning.
Break down = stop because of a mechanical fault.
break (verb) + down (adverbial particle)
His can broke down on the way.
These verbs can be either transitive of intransitive. For example,
Fall through = Fail (intransitive)
My plans fell through.
Turn down = reject (transitive)
I turned down his request.
In some cases, the same phrasal verb can be used both as a transitive and as an intransitive verb. For example,
Work out = solve (transitive)
They have worked out all these sums in one hour.
= go on well or otherwise (intransitive)
Nothing worked out well after the new principal took over.
(i) If the direct object is a noun or a noun-phrase, it can be placed either before or after the adverbial particle. For example,
My sister gave away the books.
My sister gave the books away.
(ii) If the object happens to be a very long and complicated noun phrase, it should come only after the adverbial particle. She gave away all these rare books she had bought during the last five years.
(iii) If the direct object happens to be a pronoun it can come only before the adverbial particle. For example,
My brother gave up it. (Incorrect)
My brother gave it up. (Correct)
Phrasal – Prepositional verbs
Those verbs consist of three words in their base form but prepositional verbs and similarly phrasal verbs consist of only two words.
Prepositional – Phrasal verbs
Break in upon = disturb, interrupt
A continuous loud noise on the road broke in upon our discussion.
Prepositional verbs.
My friend is done for.
Phrasal verb
(i) Intransitive
The roof of that house caved in after the heavy rainfall.
(ii) Transitive
He looked into the matter.
Look at the sun diagram below and make ten phrasal verbs by combining the verb “look” with the other items.
Now make meaningful sentences using the ten phrasal verbs.
Answers
1. Mother looks after the household affairs.
2. I am looking forward to getting a letter from my father.
3. The police are looking into the case.
4. He looked over the surface and found nothing.
5. After scoring 10,000 run, he never looked back.
6. We shouldn’t look down on the poor.
7. Look out. There might be snakes here.
8. I looked through the pages to find the appropriate word.
9. The child looked to the facial expression of its mother.
10. He looked upto him for help, but in vain.
Activity- 1
See how many phrasal verbs you can make in the following grid by joining the verbs in the left column with the prepositions or adverbial particles on the topmost now. If a phrasal verb is possible, mark the sequare with a number and write an example sentence beneath the grid. (One has been done for you as an example.)
| about | at | by | for | from | in | of | out | to | with | |
| break | 1 | |||||||||
| bring | 2 | |||||||||
| cut | 3 | |||||||||
| get | 4 | |||||||||
| give | 5 | |||||||||
| keep | 6 | |||||||||
| let | 7 | |||||||||
| put | 8 | |||||||||
| set | 9 | |||||||||
| take | 10 |
1. The thieves broke in through the kitchen window.
2. The Publisher brought out the book in time
3. Don’t cut in while they are talking.
4. He could easily get at the point in issue.
5. The Soldiers gave in unconditonally.
6. In our country the traffic keeps to the left.
7. He let out a portion of his flat (on rent).
8. The firemen put out the fire quickly.
9. The winter has already set in.
10. He has taken to smoking.
Activity- 2
Choose a verb from box A and a preposition or adverbial particle from box B. Use them in the blank spaces of the sentences given below :
| A | B | ||
| brush | brought | away | away |
| catch | called | down | down |
| gave | cut | off | off |
| let | get | on | on |
| put | gone | up | up |
(i) Father __________ ___________ has our headmaster yesterday.
(ii) This milk has ______________ ___________.
(iii) Some learners _______________ ______________ very quickly.
(iv) Our players have ___________ us ___________.
(v) I have to ___________ ___________ my English.
(vi) He was ___________ ____________ in a remote village.
(vii) The match has been ______________ ___________ till next week.
(viii) His cough __________ __________ his hiding place.
(ix) it has been a busy day; i need to __________ __________ for a while.
(x) I am running short of money: I must _____________ _______________ my expenses.
Answers
(i) called on
(ii) gone down
(iii) catch up
(iv) brought…. off
(v) brush away
(vi) brought up
(vii) put off
(viii) gave away
(ix) get away
(x) cut down
Activity- 3
Match the phrasal verbs in column A with their meanings given in column B. The first one has done for you.
| A | B | |
| 1. call off | a. | become airborne |
| 2. carry on | b. | boastfully display |
| 3. come across | c. | Cancel |
| 4. fall out | d. | continue |
| 5. go through | e. | end a telephone call |
| 6. hang up | f. | examine carefully |
| 7. show off | g. | have an argument |
| 8. take off | h. | meet by chance |
| 9. turn down | i. | reject |
| 10. turn off | j. | disconnect a switch |
Answer:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Phrasal Verbs |
| c | d | h | g | f | e | b | a | i | j | Put the meaning in this row |
Use the above phrasal verbs in meaningful sentences.
1 . The meeting was called off.
2. The workers carried on their work till evening.
3. I came across an old photograph of my grandmother’s.
4. My neighbours never: fall out with me.
5. The police are going through the case records.
6. The disease hung up and he was treated by a doctor.
7. We should never show off.
8. He took off his shoes and entered inside.
9. The manager turned down my request.
10. He turned off the switches and went to bed.
Use Of Some Phrasal Verbs
Add up = find the sum of
He made a mistake in adding up in figures
Back out =fail to keep a promise; withdraw from a promise or understanding
He promised to help me compute my data, but later he backed out
Back up = support
These days it is difficult to get a top job unless you have a minister to back you up.
Barge into = (i) intrude
We were discussing something when he suddenly barged in.
(ii) interrupt clumsily.
You should not barge into other people’s conversation like this.
Bear out =support, confirm
I hope Dr. Joseph will bear me out if I say that it is a very useful project.
The facts gathered by you do not bear out your hypothesis.
Bear up =be brave, not show feelings of sorrow or despair.
A truly dedicated scientist would bear up well against all academic opposition.
Blow out=(i) be destroyed (said of tyre and electrical appliances)
(a) I’m late because one of my tyres blew out.
(b) Because of a fault in the electric boiler the fuse blew out in the middle of the experiment.
(ii) put out
The wind blew out all the candles soon after the table was set for dinner.
Blow up =(i) explode
If you light a match here, the whole laboratory will blow up.
The captain ordered the soldier to blow up the bridge.
(ii) become very angry
My supervisor blew up when he came to know that the explosion in the laboratory was due to my carelessness.
Break down=(i) analyze into details
He just gave me the total of his expenses. He did not want to break them down into food, transport, and so on.
(ii) stop because of a mechanical fault
His car broke down on the way.
(iii) give way to one’s feeling
Mrs Joseph broke down and started weeping when we told her the news.
Break out =(i) start suddenly
A big riot broke out during the night.
(ii) escape
Several prisoners have broken out of prison again.
Break up =(i) decompose, split, break into small pieces.
The ship broke up during a violent storm.
(ii) end, disperse.
When is the meeting likely to break up?
Bring down= (i) cause to fall
He was awarded a medal for skill fully bringing down a number of hostile aircrafts.
(ii) lower
The government is doing its best to bring down the price of medicines
Bring forth = Produce, give birth to
He brought forth a brilliant suggestion during the discussion yesterday.
Bring forward = Produce, supply
He tried to argue his case but brought forward no evidence in support of his argument.
Can you bring forward any proof of what you have said?
Bring out= (i) publish
I hope the publishers will soon bring out his new book on nuclear chemistry.
(ii) produce, cause to appear
He is trying to find out whether the use of certain photo-electric devices can bring out mango blossoms a month earlier than usual
Bring up= introduce into a discussion
May I just bring up one small point before the Chainman closes the discussion?
Brush up= Study or practice something in order to revive one’s knowledge or skills
If you are going to Germany, you should brush up your German.
Build up= develop, cause to grow
Within five years he built up an excellent business and very good reputation.
Call off= (i) withdraw, stop
The strike will perhaps be called off tomorrow.
(ii) order soldiers, policemen, etc. to stop
After an hour’s encounter with the smugglers, the inspector called the
policemen off.
Call out= (i) summon
The army had to be called out to restore law and order.
(ii) read out in a loud voice.
Would you please call out the names of the successful candidates?
Catch on= become popular
His new song caught on very fast.
Carry out= (i) give effect to, put into practice
It is not enough to make plans; you should know how to carry them out.
(ii) perform
Experiments carried out at Oxford have shown that ants can make their way
over tough ground with unerring accuracy towards their nest.
Cave in= fall down, collapse
The roof of that house caved in after the heavy rainfall.
Come down= (i) become lower or cheaper
The price of gold is not likely to come down this year.
(ii) lose dignity or social position.
Since that unprovoked quarrel with his neighbour he has come down in the eyes of his friends.
Come out = be published
His book on nuclear chemistry has come out now.
Come up = begin to grow
The seeds I sowed last week haven’t come up yet.
Cool down = become calm.
He is trrrible speaker; he needs half an hour to warm up and then two hours to cool down.
Cut off = disconnect, remove
After five minutes of conversation the operator suddenly cut us off.
Light up= (i) to apply flame to a cigarette, a cigar or a stove
He sat comfortably in one of the beautiful arm chairs and then lit up one of his expensive cigars.
(ii) brighten
Her face lit up with a smile for a minute and then she sank again into an endless gloom.
Lock out= (i) lock the door from inside so as to prevent someone from entering
The warden said that he would lock us out if we did not return till 11 p.m.
(ii) lose the key and thus be stopped from entering I was locked out last night and was compelled to break the lock.
Lock up=(i) lock doors properly
Lock up the rooms properly before you go out.
(ii) make safe by placing in a locker or a box etc.
You must lock up all these confidential documents before you go.
(iii) imprison
The student leaders were locked upon for their acts of violence.
Look up= (i) search for (a word in a dictionary, facts in a reference book, etc.)
Look up this word in the dictionary.
You could look up some of these details in an encyclopedia.
(ii) pay a visit to someone, call on
Would you please look him up when you are in Kolkata next month?
Look me up next time you’re in London.
(iii) improve in price or prosperity.
The shares of the petro-chemical industry in India have started looking up now.
Business conditions are beginning to look up.
Make out= Understand
I cannot make out what he says.
Your handwriting is so bad that I can hardly make it out.
Make up= (i) make good
It is impossible for him to make up the losses he sufferered last year.
(ii) invent
I don’t think what he says is true. I think he has made up this story.
(iii) apply cosmetics
No sensible girl would like to make herself up in public.
Pass out= (i) distribute
The teacher passed the examination papers out.
(ii) distribute generously as a gift.
You can save a lot of money if you stop passing out drinks.
(iii) faint
Mrs Jones passed out when she heard the news of her son’s death.
Patch up= settle
They have patched up their differences now.
Pick out = select
All these books are equally good. It is difficult to pick out any one them.
Pick up= (i) collect, stop to give a lift to
I will pick you up at 2 o’clock.
Please do pick up, my children on your way.
(ii) take hold of and lift
Pick up all these books and files and take them to my study room.
(iii) learn without taking lessons
He did not learn French in school, he picked it up during his stay in Paris.
(iv) recover
His health picked up after a month at the hill station.
(v) increase, accelerate
The bus moved slowly at the beginning but picked up spread later.
Pile up = (i) accumulate
He is on leave these days and so his work is piling up.
(ii) crash into each other
Several cars piled up on this road during the fog yesterday.
Pin down = be precise about
I hate that man but I find it difficult to pin down the reason for it.
Put across = convey
In spite of his best efforts, he could not put across his ideas to the audience.
Put aside = (i) save
She has put aside a large sum of money.
(ii) disregard, ignore
He put aside all your valuable suggestions.
Put forward = advance, explain something and ask people to consider it.
When Darwin put forward his theory of evolution, he met with a lot of opposition.
Put in = (i) submit
Have you put in an application for that job?
(ii) do, perform
He will be paid a handsome allowance for putting in an extra hour of work every evening.
Put off = delay, postpone
For diplomatic reasons, the Minister put off his journey for about a week.
Put out = (i) blow out, extinguish, switch off
At 10 p.m. the nurse drew the curtains and put out the lights.
(ii) issue, publish
The government has put out an advertisement inviting applications for the post.
The Ministry of Finance has put out a pamphlet giving details of the new regulations.
Put up = (i) lodge and entertain.
My friend can put you up for the week-end.
(ii) take up one’s lodging at
Where are you going to put up during your stay in London?
He put up at an inn for the night.
Rally round = make a joint effort to help at a time of difficulty.
All his colleagues rallied round him when his officer wanted to suspend him.
Ring in = Celebrate the arrival of
Ring out the old and ring in the new.
Ring off = replace the receiver, end the telephone call.
I am sorry I will have to ring off now. I have an important visitor waiting for me in the drawing room.
Ring out = celebrate the departure of
Ring out the old and ring in the new.
Ring up = call someone on phone
Please ring me a bit later.
He does not want people to ring him up after 11 p.m.
Rope in = persuade a person to join a movement, a project etc.
You will have a better chance of success if you can rope in some more talented persons like him.
Run away = (i) steal and disappear
The laboratory assistant ran away with all the expensive chemicals.
The servant ran away with all her jewels.
(ii) recede, go away from.
MultipIe Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers
Question 1.
He _________ a brave fight.
(A) put up with
(B) put up
(C) put down
(D) put off
Answer:
(B) put up
Question 2.
We need two players to ____________ the team.
(A) make out
(B) make of
(C) made from
(D) make up
Answer:
(D) make up
Question 3.
His plan __________.
(A) fell through
(B) fell down
(C) fell off
(D) fell upon
Answer:
(A) fell through
Question 4.
He always _________ late.
(A) turns out
(B) turns down
(C) turns up
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) turns up
Question 5.
The strike has been ___________.
(A) called out
(B) called off
(C) called in
(D) called upon
Answer:
(B) called off
Question 6.
It is high time the caste system was ___________.
(A) done away with
(B) done for
(C) done out
(D) none of these
Answer:
(A) done away with
Question 7.
It is very difficult for me to __________ early.
(A) get down
(B) get over
(C) get up
(D) get on
Answer:
(C) get up
Question 8.
Winter has ___________.
(A) set out
(B) set in
(C) set up
(D) set out for
Answer:
(B) set in
Question 9.
We will ___________ you in your hour of crisis.
(A) stand out
(B) run down
(C) bring up
(D) stand by
Answer:
(D) stand by
Question 10.
The old building has been ___________.
(A) thrown out
(B) fallen out
(C) pulled down
(D) pulled up
Answer:
(C) pulled down
Question 11 .
My brother has _________ a temple.
(A) made up
(B) set up
(C) put up with
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) set up
Question 12.
I cannot,___________ what you say.
(A) make from
(B) spring up
(C) make out
(D) make for
Answer:
(C) make out
Question 13.
A horde of robbers __________ him.
(A) got on
(B) kept on
(C) set upon
(D) made away with
Answer:
(C) set upon
Question 14.
This factory ___________ 100 cars a day.
(A) turns out
(B) makes up
(C) drops in
(D) draws on
Answer:
(A) turns out
Question 15.
I shall ___________Kolkata tomorrow.
(A) go off
(B) make for
(C) set out for
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) set out for
Question 16.
The President _______________ the people to serve their country.
(A) called in
(B) called on
(C) called upon
(D) called out
Answer:
(C) called upon
Question 17.
The girl _________ in the middle of the speech.
(A) fell off
(B) broke off
(C) broke out
(D) broke in
Answer:
(B) broke off
Question 18.
He finds himself ________ from the outside world.
(A) get down
(B) do out
(C) cut off
(D) break off
Answer:
(C) cut off
Question 19.
The house is on fire, __________the fire-brigade at once.
(A) call out
(B) look up
(C) look down
(D) call in
Answer:
(D) call in
Question 20.
________your expenditure on smoking.
(A) cut off
(B) put out
(C) put down
(D) cut down
Answer:
(D) call in