Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Invitation to English 1 Solutions Poem 5 Money Madness Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class English Solutions Poem 5 Money Madness
CHSE Odisha Class 12 English Money Madness Text Book Questions and Answers
Think it out
Question 1.
Are all the people of the world mad for money? Which line implies this?
Answer:
All the people of the world are mad about money. The line “Money is our madness, our vast collective madness” implies this.
Question 2.
Are all people equally mad for money or degree of madness vary from person to person?
Answer:
No, all people are not equally mad about money. Each person has his own degree of madness for money. In other words, it varies from person to person.
Question 3.
How does a person feel when he parts with a pound of money?
Answer:
A person suffers a sharp, sudden feeling of pain when he parts with a pound of money.
Question 4.
How does a person feel when he hands out a ten-pound note?
Answer:
A person is seized with a genuine fear when he hands out a ten-pound note.
Question 5.
What kind of feeling does money create in us? (lines 6-7)
Answer:
Money creates great fear and respect in us.
Question 6.
Are we really afraid of money or moneyed men?
Answer:
We are really afraid of moneyed men.
Question 7.
What do people say about a man’s worth?
Answer:
People say how much money a man possesses.
Question 8.
How many times is “dirt” repeated in the poem? What does the poet mean by “dirt”?
Answer:
“Dirt” is repeated five times in the poem. By “dirt”, the poet means great misery faced by those who are poor.
Question 9.
How do money-mad men treat men without money?
Answer:
Money-mad men treat men without money with hatred.
Question 10.
What does a man without money fear – poverty or dishonor by eating ‘dirt’?
Answer:
A man without money fears dishonor by eating “dirt”.
Question 11.
Why does the poet say “We must have some money”?
Answer:
The poet says that “We must have some money” to save us from living in a state of deepening misery. In other words, with some money at our disposal, we have the right to live in a dignified way.
Question 12.
What does the poet mean by “bread” (line 22), “shelter” (line 23), and “fire” (line 24)?
Answer:
The poet means food, a house to live in, and clothes respectively by “bread”, “shelter” and “fire”.
Question 13.
To you think “bread”, “shelter” and “fire” should be free? Explain why you think so?
Answer:
Yes, I think “bread”, “shelter” and “fire” should be free, because these are the most basic necessities of life. These three things are essential for everyone, irrespective of rich or poor and should be easily available to all.
Question 14.
Why does the poet repeat the words “all and anybody” in lines 24-25?
Answer:
The poet repeats the words “all and everybody” in lines 24-25 to bring home the fact that the human race should not exist in a state of misery and indignity. Everyone all over the world is entitled to get the basic necessities of life.
Question 15.
What does it mean to “regain our sanity” (line 25)?
Answer:
By to ‘regaining our sanity’, the poet means we should give up our craze for money. Instead, we should be sensible. We should realize that there exists another fine world beyond money.
Question 16.
What are the two things implied in – “It’s one thing or the other”?
Answer:
The two things implied in – “it’s one thing or the other” is man’s destruction as a result of his madness for money or his survival in a peaceful society where the craze for it does not exist. It may be the poet’s own vision of what he wishes in his poetry to be seen as in terms of a ‘new heaven and earth’.
CHSE Odisha Class 12 English Money Madness Important Questions and Answers
I. Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers
Question 1.
for money is a modern phenomenon?
(A) Fashion
(B) Need
(C) Craze
(D) all of these
Answer:
(C) Craze
Question 2.
The _________________ of madness for money varies from person to person?
(A) multitude
(B) magnitude
(C) source
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) magnitude
Question 3.
Money instits a feeling of __________________ in our minds?
(A) delight
(B) frustration
(C) great fear
(D) peculiarity
Answer:
(C) great fear
Question 4.
We dread _______________?
(A) money
(B) materialistic comforts
(C) Mankind collective frenzy for money
(D) some people’s greed for money.
Answer:
(C) Mankind collective frenzy for money
Question 5.
The expression ‘go cold’ means _____________?
(A) exposure to cold
(B) influenza
(C) suffer
(D) all of these
Answer:
(C) suffer
Question 6.
The repetition of dirt’ signifies?
(A) the miseries of the poor
(B) spread of filth
(C) dirty habits
(D) unclean thing
Answer:
(A) the miseries of the poor
Question 7.
The rich treat the poor with _________________?
(A) indifference
(B) disdain
(C) compassion
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) disdain
Question 8.
Man must have some money to lead a life of __________________?
(A) protection
(B) comforts
(C) dignity
(D) affluence
Answer:
(C) dignity
Question 9.
Does the poet plead for mankind’s ______________ about money?
(A) wild excitement
(B) euphoria
(C) anxiety
(D) rationality
Answer:
(D) rationality
Question 10.
That money has been the root of all evil is ______________?
(A) true
(B) partially true
(C) unthinkable
(D) false
Answer:
(D) false
Question 11.
What is madness according to the poet?
(A) love
(B) money
(C) power
(D) corruption
Answer:
(B) money
Question 12.
The word’ multitude’ means?
(A) a few people
(B) a large number of people
(C) a scarcity of people
(D) can’t say
Answer:
(B) a large number of people
Question 13.
When a person parts with a pound of money he feels?
(A) happy
(B) the pang of losing it
(C) sorrow
(D) proud of himself
Answer:
(B) the pang of losing it
Question 14.
When a person hands out a ten-pound note he feels?
(A) excited
(B) courageous
(C) encouraged
(D) a real tremor
Answer:
(D) a real tremor
Question 15.
A man’s worth is judged from?
(A) his personality
(B) his education
(C) his helping nature
(D) the amount of money he possesses
Answer:
(D) the amount of money he possesses
Question 16.
The money-mad men treat men-without money with _________________?
(A) sympathy
(B) hatred
(C) pride
(D) arrogance
Answer:
(B) hatred
Question 17.
What should be free according to the poet?
(A) bread, shelter, and fire
(B) air and water
(C) money and habitation
(D) bread and butter
Answer:
(A) bread, shelter, and fire
II. Short Type Questions with Answers
Question 1.
‘It’s one thing or the other.’ Explain?
Answer:
Here the poet offers us two choices: either to create a beautiful world to live in or destroy it because of our collective madness for money. This depends on our attitude.
Question 2.
For mankind says with one voice: How much money is he worth? Explain?
Answer:
These lines speak volumes for the materialistic world. Besides, the rich always rule the roost and measure the people only in terms of money.
Question 3.
Explain the repetition of ‘dirt’?
Answer:
The repetition of ‘dirt’ states a very cruel truth. In this age of materialism, without money, a man leads a life of wanton misery and utter disgrace.
literary terms
Alliteration:
the device of repeating words beginning with the same consonantal sound to produce an artistic effect. See Hopkin’s “Pied Beauty”.
Blank verse:
the unrhymed verse in iambic pentameter. A pentameter line consists of five metrical feet. Iambic means beginning with an unstressed syllable. See Milton’s “Hail, holy Light”.
Classicism:
the quality associated with ancient Greek and Roman literature (the classics). It refers to objectivity, clarity, simplicity, formal regularity and discipline. The term “neo-classical” is applied to the literature of the Restoration and Augustan Age in England. See the poems of Dryden and Pope.
Dramatic monologue:
a monologue is a poem written as if spoken aloud by a character. It reveals the character’s personality and situation. It is dramatic because the poet never intrudes his opinions into what the character says about himself or herself. Among English poets, Browning is the most competent writer of dramatic monologue. See Tennyson’s “Tithonus”.
Elegy:
a poem mourning the dead. In ancient Greek and Roman Literature, it was originally used as a formal lament. A pastoral elegy is an elegy in a rural setting. Gray’s “Elegy” is a famous example.
Free verse:
verse not in regular meter and line length. But no verse is really free from the constraints of meter. See Lawrence’s “Snake”.
Heroic couplet:
two rhyming lines of verse in iambic pentameter. This simplest form of the stanza was introduced into English poetry by Denham and perfected by Dryden and Pope. It is called heroic because it was frequently used for epic poetry and poetic drama.
Image:
C. Day Lewis defines it as “a picture made out of words”. Imagery refers to a kind of descriptive language fundamental to poetry. It appeals to the senses. It includes the metaphor and simile. A “conceit” is a far-fetched image.
Imagism:
the practice of presenting the subject of a poem with precision and economy usually through a few striking images. The term “Imagists” is applied to a group of poets at the beginning of the present century who advocated and practised imagism, e.g. T.E. Hulme, Richard Aldington, Hilda Doolittle, Ezra Pound etc. Eliot’s “Preludes” is imagistic.
Irony:
a form of speech or writing that states one thing but means another. It is used in satirical and literary works with satirical intentions. It is also used to heighten drama.
Lyric:
originally a poem meant for singing. Now it means a poem expressing personal feelings.
Metaphor:
an indirect comparison between two objects in order to describe one. A simile is a direct comparison. “She is as beautiful as a rose” and “She is a rose” are examples of a simile and a metaphor respectively.
Metaphysical poets:
the seventeenth-century English poets. Donne, Marvell, Cowley, Herbert, Crashaw, Vaughan, etc. wrote poetry in a style colloquial, dramatic, witty, argumentative, and scholarly. Dryden and Dr. Johnson gave them the name “metaphysical”.
Meter:
the regular occurrence of stresses or syllables breaking a line of verse into equal divisions. Each division is called a foot. See “Blank verse” above.
Ode:
An elaborate lyric is composed usually in a dignified style and expresses exalted feelings. The regular ode is the Pindaric ode, named after the Greek poet Pindar. It is divided into three parts, the strophe, the antistrophe, and the epode.
Oxymoron:
a figure of speech in which two contradictory words are combined. It produces a rhetorical effect.
Paradox:
a statement that is contrary to accepted opinion. It seems to contradict itself but is actually based on truth. It is a means of illustrating a truth in a forceful manner.
Parody:
an exaggerated imitation of another poet’s way of writing. Its aim is humorous and satirical.
Personification:
the poetic method of treating an abstract idea or an object as if it were a person.
Rhyme:
the repetition of the same unit of sound in a poem, usually at the ends of the lines. In the first stanza of Gray’s elegy, “day”, rhymes with “way” and “lea” with “me”. If the first unit is represented as a and the second as b, the rhyme scheme of the stanza is abab. Rhyme can also occur within a line and then it is called internal rhyme. It makes verse musical. Secondly, it preserves the verse form in which the poem is composed.
Rhythm:
“The regular rising and falling in the flow of sounds in poetry, these recurring intervals of strong and light sounds, like the beat of a drum regulating dance movements, is called rhythm Different poems have different rhythms. A shorter line of verse usually has a quicker rhythm: and a long line has a slower rhythm. Sprung rhythm is close to the rhythm of normal speech. In a line having this rhythm, stresses are exaggerated to denote heightened emotion. Hopkins found this rhythm in nursery rhymes and Old English poetry and called it sprung rhythm.
Stanza:
the pattern formed by lines of verse. The pattern is repeated throughout the poem. A group of four lines is called a quatrain. The Spenserian stanza consists of nine lines, the first eight being in iambic pentameter and the ninth an alexandrine (a line of twelve syllables).
Sonnet:
a poem of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter. The rhymes are arranged according to certain patterns. The sonnet, originally developed in Italy, was introduced into English poetry by Thomas Wyatt and the Earl of Surrey in the sixteenth century. There are two types of sonnets in English: the Petrarchan and the Shakespearian.
Satire:
a piece of writing in prose or verse ridiculing folly stupidity or vice. Its weapons are wit, humor, and irony. Horatian satire is gentle and corrective, but Juvenalian satire is savage and bitter. Dryden and Pope are famous writers of satires in English poetry.
Introducing the Poet
David Herbert Richards Lawrence (1885-1930) is a many-faceted genius: a novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, literary critic, and painter. As a poet, Lawrence began as an Imagist. His best poems are in free verse about the individual, inner nature of animals and plants. Views on his poetry are as diverse, and often as extreme, as those on his novels: Anthony West, for instance, suggests that it is difficult to take seriously Lawrence’s claim to be a poet since ‘he entirely lacked the discipline’ essential to poetry. Later, West states that Lawrence’s poems ‘ remain in the initial stage’, a view shared by Anthony Beal, who also mentions that the subjects dealt with in the poetry are also handled in the novels and stories but with more subtlety and power. On the other hand, writers such as Michael Schmidt acknowledge that Lawrence’s poetry has a wide range and flawed magnificence. Those poems that have the strongest emotions and pressures behind them are the most lucidly expressed and the most satisfactory structurally. From this standpoint, we can view more clearly Lawrence’s strengths: the intensity of feelings; the width of human awareness; the narrative power and the sincerity he expressed, and so on. His poems include Bat, Fidelity, Piano, Shadows, Snake, Violets, etc.
About the Poem
‘Money Madness as the title signifies deals with the craze for money that seems to have gripped the modem world. The poem itself is highly romantic in nature, especially in how it seeks to reject something that is so valued by others and something upon which primacy in society is placed. His own statement about his poetry is that it served to be seen as an “autobiography”. This is certainly the case in ‘Money Madness’, which throws light on a personalized view of the horror of money. It is money that makes a man insane. The poem represents Lawrence’s own vision of what he wishes his poetry to be seen as in terms of a “new heaven and earth”.
Summary
Money, the poet says, makes all the people mad. They are not equally mad for money. Instead, the degree of madness varies from person to person. A sudden feeling of pain grips a man when he parts with a pound of money. A person is caught up in a state of horror when he hands out a ten-pound note. Money creates a feeling of fear. It is not surprising that money has a fearful ruthless power among men. The poet states that we don’t dread money so much. Instead, what we fear is mankind’s collective frenzy for money. The rich detest the poor; if the latter has no money, he should live in a state of misery. Nobody cares about him. In short, money has been the root, if not of all evil, of great misery to the human race. Against this backdrop, the poet pleads for ‘free food’, ‘free shelter’, and ‘free fire’. Everybody everywhere in the world should get all these basic things. Money turns man insane. The poet longs for a society where money does not rule the roost. We should see reason before we start killing our fellow beings for money. At last, we are left with a choice: destruction or survival.
ସାରାଂଶ:
କବିଙ୍କ ମତରେ ଟଙ୍କା ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କୁ ପାଗଳ କରିଦିଏ । ସେମାନେ ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ସମପରିମାଣରେ ପାଗଳ ନୁହନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିର ପାଗଳାମିର ମାତ୍ର! ଅଲଗା । ଯେତେବେଳେ ଜଣେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଏକ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ମୁଦ୍ରା ଅନ୍ୟକୁ ଦିଏ, ସେତେବେଳେ ହଠାତ୍ ଏକ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ତାକୁ ଜାବୁଡ଼ି ଧରେ । କିନ୍ତୁ ଦଶ-ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ନୋଟ୍ ଦେବା ସମୟରେ, ଲୋକଟି ଭୟବିହ୍ଵଳ ହୋଇଯାଏ । ଟଙ୍କା ଭୟର ଭାବନା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରେ । ଟଙ୍କା ଯେ ମଣିଷମାନଙ୍କଠାରେ ନିଷ୍ଠୁର କ୍ଷମତା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରେ – ଏଥରେ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ ହେବାର କିଛି ନାହିଁ । କବି କହିଛନ୍ତି ଆମେ ଟଙ୍କାକୁ ବେଶି ଭୟ କରୁନାହୁଁ । ଆମେ କେବଳ ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ମଣିଷଜାତିର ସମଷ୍ଟିଗତ ପାଗଳାମିକୁ ଡରୁ । ଧନୀମାନେ ଗରିବମାନଙ୍କୁ ଘୃଣା କରନ୍ତି । ଯଦି ଦରିଦ୍ର ଲୋକଟି ପାଖରେ ଟଙ୍କା ନାହିଁ, ସେ ଦାରିଦ୍ର୍ୟ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଜୀବନ ବିତାଇବା ଉଚିତ । କେହି ତାକୁ ଖାତିର କରନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ । ସକ୍ଷେପରେ କହିବାକୁ ଗଲେ ଟଙ୍କା ଯଦିଓ ସବୁ ଅନର୍ଥର ମୂଳ ନୁହେଁ, ତଥାପି ଏହା ମଣିଷଜାତିର ଦାରିଦ୍ର୍ୟର ମୂଳ କାରଣ । ଏହି ପରିପ୍ରେକ୍ଷୀରେ କବି ଖାଦ୍ୟ, ବାସଗୃହ ଓ ବସ୍ତ୍ରକୁ ମାଗଣାରେ ଯୋଗାଇ ଦେବାକୁ ଯୁକ୍ତି କରିଛନ୍ତି । ପୃଥିବୀର ସର୍ବତ୍ର ସମସ୍ତେ ଏହି ମୌଳିକ ଜିନିଷ ପାଇବା ଉଚିତ । ଟଙ୍କା ମଣିଷକୁ ପାଗଳ କରିଦିଏ । କବି ଏପରି ଏକ ଶାନ୍ତିପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମାଜ ଚାହାନ୍ତି, ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ଟଙ୍କାର ପ୍ରାଦୁର୍ଭାବ ନ ଥିବ । ଆମେ ଆମ ନିଜ ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ଟଙ୍କାପାଇଁ ମାରିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ତା’ର କାରଣ ନିରୂପଣ କରିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ । ସର୍ବଶେଷରେ ଆମ ପାଖରେ ରହିଛି ଦୁଇଟି ମାତ୍ର ବିକଳ୍ପ : ଧ୍ବଂସ କିମ୍ବା ବଞ୍ଚ୍ ରହିବା ଅବସ୍ଥା ।
Detailed Summaries and Glossary
Lines – (1-8)
Money is ………………………………………………………………… among men.
The poet throws light on the man’s madness for money. The craze for money seems to have gripped the modem world. If the world is mad, then every single person carries the madness around him. A person is seized with a sudden, sharp feeling of pain when he parts with a pound of money. A sense of horror grips him when he hands out a ten-pound note. Mankind shows fear at the sight of money. We all pale into insignificance before it. We respect it too much in strange fear. It is not surprising that money has a fearful ruthless impact on men.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ମଣିଷର ପାଗଳାମି ଉପରେ କବି ଆଲୋକପାତ କରିଛନ୍ତି । ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ଉନ୍ମାଦତା ଆଧୁନିକ ଦୁନିଆକୁ ଆକ୍ରାନ୍ତ କଲାଭଳି ଜଣାପଡ଼ୁଛି । ଯଦି ସମଗ୍ର ପୃଥିବୀ ପାଗଳ, ତେବେ ଜଣେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଚାରିପାଖରେ ପାଗଳାମି ଘେରି ରହିବା ଅନିବାର୍ଯ୍ୟ । ଯେତେବେଳେ ମଣିଷ ଅନ୍ୟକୁ ଏକ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ମୁଦ୍ରା ଦିଏ, ସେତେବେଳେ ସେ ଭୀଷଣ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ଅନୁଭବ କରେ । କିନ୍ତୁ ଦଶ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ନୋଟ୍ଟିଏ ଦେବାବେଳେ, ତାକୁ ଭୟ ଗ୍ରାସ କରେ । ଟଙ୍କା ସମ୍ମୁଖରେ ମଣିଷଜାତି ଭୟ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରେ । ଏହା ନିକଟରେ ଆମେ ନିଷ୍ପ୍ରଭ ହୋଇଯାଉ । ମଣିଷମାନଙ୍କ ଉପରେ ଟଙ୍କା ଯେ ଭୟଙ୍କର ନିଷ୍ପ୍ରର ପ୍ରଭାବ ପକାଏ – ଏହା ଆଦୌ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟଜନକ ନୁହେଁ ।
Glossary
our madness : we are all shockingly mad after money (ଅର୍ଥ ପାଇଁ ଆମେ ସମସ୍ତେ ପାଗଳ)।
of course : ଅବଶ୍ୟ
multitude : ବହୁସଙ୍ଖ୍ୟକ
insanity : madness ( ପାଗଳାମି )
pang : a sharp. sudden feeling of pain (ଗଭୀର ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା)
tremor : horror (ଭୟ)
hands out : ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରିବା
quail : to be very afraid (ଭୟଭୀତ ହେବା)
It down : ଟଙ୍କା ଆମକୁ ଛୋଟ କରିଦେଇଛି
grovel : to show too much respect for someone (ଅତ୍ୟଧ୍ଵ ସମ୍ମାନ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରିବା)
strange : ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ
cruel : ruthless (ନିଷ୍ଠୁର)
Lines (9 – 12)
But it ………………………………………………………………………………go cold.
The poet says that we are not so afraid of money. It is mankind’s craze for money that terrifies us. The reason is not far to seek. Mankind asks unanimously how much money a person has. If he has no money, he should live in a state of misery. He should end up on the streets.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
କବି କହିଛନ୍ତି ଆମେମାନେ ଟଙ୍କାକୁ ଏତେ ଡରୁନାହୁଁ । ମଣିଷଜାତିର ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ସାମଗ୍ରିକ ଉନ୍ମାଦନା ଆମକୁ ଭୟଭୀତ କରାଉଛି । କାରଣ ଅତି ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ । ମଣିଷଜାତି ସର୍ବଦା ଏକ ସ୍ବରରେ ପଚାରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଲୋକ ପାଖରେ କେତେ ଟଙ୍କା ଅଛି । ଯଦି ତା’ ପାଖରେ ନାହିଁ, ସେ ଦୁଃଖରେ ରହିବା ଉଚିତ । ରାସ୍ତାରେ ହିଁ ତା’ର ଜୀବନର ପରିସମାପ୍ତି ଘଟିବା ଉଚିତ ।
Glossary
terrifies : afraid of (ଭୟଭୀତ ହେବା)
collective : ସାମଗ୍ରିକ
mankind : ମାନବଜାତି
How . worth: ମଣିଷର କେତେ ଟଙ୍କା ଅଛି ?
Then …. cold : ଦରିଦ୍ରମାନେ ନିର୍ଯ୍ୟାତିତ ହୁଅନ୍ତୁ
Lines (13 – 19)
And if………………………………………………………………………………fellow-me.
A poor man does not die so easily. The rich give him a little bread to eat to make him at least alive that day. They treat the poor with contempt. A man shorn of money
fears dishonour. He dreads his own money-mad persons.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
ଦରିଦ୍ର ଲୋକ ସହଜରେ ମରେ ନାହିଁ । ଅନ୍ତତଃ ସେ ଦିନଟିଏ ବଞ୍ଝାପାଇଁ ଧନୀ ଲୋକମାନେ ତାକୁ ଅଳ୍ପ କିଛି ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଦିଅନ୍ତି । ସେମାନେ ଗରିବମାନଙ୍କୁ ଘୃଣାବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜକ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରନ୍ତି । ଧନହୀନ ଲୋକଟିଏ ଅସମ୍ମାନକୁ ଭୟ କରେ । ସେ ନିଜ ଚାରିପଟର ଟଙ୍କା ପାଗଳ ଲୋକମାନଙ୍କ ଭୟ କରେ ।
Glossary
they : the rich (ଧନୀଲୋକମାନେ )
they it : ଅନ୍ତତଃ ଆଜି ପାଇଁ ଚଳିବାକୁ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅଳ୍ପ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଦିଅନ୍ତି
frightened : ଭୟଭୀତ ହେବା
a delirium : wild excitement (ପାଶବିକ ଉନ୍ମାଦନା )
money-mad fellow-men : ଧନ ପାଇଁ ପାଗଳ
Lines (20 – 22)
We must …………………………………………………………….. all wrong.
We must have some money to save us from the dishonour of eating only for a day. But the poet does not subscribe to this view.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
କେବଳ ଗୋଟିଏ ଦିନ ପାଇଁ ଚଳିବାର ଅସମ୍ମାନରୁ ରକ୍ଷା ପାଇବା କାରଣରୁ ଆମ୍ଭେମାନେ କିଛି ଟଙ୍କା ସଞ୍ଚୟ କରିବା ଦରକାର । କିନ୍ତୁ କବି ଏ କଥାକୁ ସହଜରେ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିପାରିନାହାନ୍ତି ।
Glossary
to …. eating dirt: save the poor from suffering dishonor by eating to make them alive for that day ( ଗରିବମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅସମ୍ମାନରୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବା)
Lines (23 – 26)
Bread should ………………………………………………………………….. the world.
The poet bluntly rejects the horror of money. Bread, shelter and fire should be available freely and easily to every person all over the world. These things are indispensable for all.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
କବି ଦୃଢ଼ ଭାବରେ ଟଙ୍କାର ଭୟକୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟାନ କରିଛନ୍ତି । ସାରା ବିଶ୍ଵରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ମଣିଷ ପାଖରେ ଖାଦ୍ୟ,ବାସଗୃହ ଏବଂ ବସ୍ତ୍ର ମାଗଣାରେ ଏବଂ ସହଜରେ ଉପଲବ୍ଧ ହେବା ଉଚିତ । ଏସବୁ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ାକ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଅପରିହାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ।
Glossary
Bread : ରୁଟି |
shelter : ଆଶ୍ରୟସ୍ଥଳ
to world : ସମଗ୍ର ପୃଥିବୀର ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କୁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ, ବାସଗୃହ ଏବଂ ବସ୍ତ୍ର ମାଗଣାରେ ଏବଂ ସହଜରେ ଉଚିତ
Lines (27 – 29)
We must ………………………………………………………………………………… the other.
Money turns man insane. The poet makes a passionate appeal to us to give up our madness for money. Instead, we should be sensible. Before we start killing one another for money we are left with a choice: the creation of a peaceful society or our destruction. The last line may admit of another interpretation. It depends on whether we should save money or kill our fellow beings for it.
ସାରମର୍ମ :
ଟଙ୍କା ମଣିଷକୁ ପାଗଳ କରିଦିଏ । କବି ଆମକୁ ଟଙ୍କା ପାଇଁ ପାଗଳାମିକୁ ପରିତ୍ୟାଗ କରିବାକୁ ନିବେଦନ କରିଛନ୍ତି । ଆମ୍ଭେମାନେ ବିଜ୍ଞ ହେବା ଉଚିତ । ଟଙ୍କା ଯୋଗୁଁ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ହତ୍ୟା କରିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଆମକୁ ଦୁଇଟି ଜିନିଷ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଗୋଟିଏକୁ ବାଛିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବ – ଆମେ ଶାନ୍ତିପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମାଜ ଗଢ଼ିବା କିମ୍ବା ଆମର ବିନାଶ ସାଧନ କରିବା । ଶେଷ ଧାଡ଼ିର ଆଉ ଏକ ଅର୍ଥ କରାଯାଇପାରେ – ଆମ୍ଭେ ଟଙ୍କା ସଞ୍ଚୟ କରିବା ହତ୍ୟା ଉଚିତ କି ଏହା ପାଇଁ ନିଜ ଲୋକମାନଙ୍କୁ ହତ୍ୟା କରିବା ଉଚିତ। ଏ କଥା ଆମ ଉପରେ ନିର୍ଭର କରେ ।
Glossary
regain : to get back (ଫେରି ପାଇବା)
sanity : ପରିମଳ
about it : about money (ଅର୍ଥ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧରେ )
It’s the other : we should aim at creating a society where craze for money does not exist. otherwise we shall perish. ( ଆମେ ଏହିଭଳି ସମାଜ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବା ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ଅର୍ଥ ଲାଳସା ନ ଥିବ, ନଚେତ୍ ଆମର ଧ୍ବଂସ)