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Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Geometry Chapter 3 ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ Ex 3 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 Maths Solutions Geometry Chapter 3 ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ Ex 3

Question 1.
ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନ ପୂରଣ କର ।
(i) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O, ବୃତ୍ତ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ P କୌଣସି ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ହେଲେ, m∠OTP = _____ |
(ii) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଠ । ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PY}}\) ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ । ∠XPY ଏକ ସୂକ୍ଷ୍ମକୋଣ ହେଲେ, ∠XOY ଏକ
କୋଣ ।
(iii) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଠ, ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ହେଲେ, m∠TOP + m∠TPO = ____ |
(iv) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଠ, ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PY}}\) ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ ହେଲେ,
(a) XOP କୋଣ ଓ ………………… କୋଣ ସମପରିମାଣ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ;
(b) YPO କୋଣ ଓ ………………… କୋଣ ସମପରିମାଣ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ।
(v) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ୦ ଏବଂ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ r ଏକକ । ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ P ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଏବଂ OP ଓ 1 ମଧ୍ଯରେ – ବୃହତ୍ତର ହେଲେ, P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ ଅଙ୍କନ ସମ୍ଭବ ।
(vi) 5 ସେ.ମି. ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଠାରୁ 13 ସେ.ମି. ଦୂରରେ ଓ ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ହେଲେ, PT ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ………………. ସେ.ମି.|
(vii) କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ୦ ଏବଂ 1 ସେ.ମି. ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଠାରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ t ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ OP = ………………. ସେ.ମି.|
(viii) ଦୁଇଟି ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର (a) ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ………………… ଏକ
(b) ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = …………………
(ix) ଦୁଇଟି ଅନ୍ତସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର (a) ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ………………..
(b) ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ……………..
(x) ପରସ୍ପର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ହୋଇଥ‌ିବା ଦୁଇଟି ଅଣଛେଦୀ ବୃତ୍ତର
(a) ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ……………………
(b) ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ………………..
(xi) ପରସ୍ପର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ହୋଇ ନ ଥ‌ିବା ଦୁଇଟି ଅଣଛେଦୀ ବୃତ୍ତର
(a) ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = …………….
(b) ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା = ……………
(xii) △ABC ର AB =AC । △ABC ର ପରିବୃତ୍ତ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ A ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଉପରେ P ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ, ଯେପରି P ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟ \(\overline{\mathrm{AC}}\) ର ବିପରୀତ ପାର୍ଶ୍ଵରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ।
m∠PAC = 70° ଦେଲେ, m∠ABC =
(xiii) ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ୫ ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ ଏହାର ଦୁଇଟି ସମାନ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା ………………. ସେ.ମି.|
(xiv) ଦୁଇଟି ବର୍ହିସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଦ୍ଵୟ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା ହେଉଛି ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧମାନଙ୍କର ………………. ସଦ୍ ପମାନ |
(xv) ଦୁଇଟି ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଦ୍ଵୟ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା ହେଉଛି ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧମାନଙ୍କର ……………… ସମାନ |
(xvi) ଏକ ସରଳରେଖା ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଗୋଟିଏ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଠାରେ ସରଳରେଖାଟି ସର୍ବାଧିକ ……………… ହୋଇପାରିବ ।
Solution:
(i) 90°
(ii) ସ୍ଥୂଳକୋଣ
(iii) 90°
(iv) (a) YOP (b) XPO
(v) OP
(vi) 12
(vii) \(\sqrt{\mathrm{r}^2+\mathrm{t}^2}\)
(viii) (a) 2 (b) 1
(ix) (a)1 (b) 0
(x) (a) 2 (b) 0
(xi) (a) 0 (b) 0
(xii) 70°
(xiii) 16 ସେ.ମି.|
(xiv) ସମପୁ
(xv) ଥନ୍ତ୍ରର
(xvi) ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ

Question 2.
ଦତ୍ତ ଥ‌ିବା ଉକ୍ତି ଭୁଲ୍‌ଲେ (ଏହାକୁ ଦତ୍ତ ଉକ୍ତିର ନାସ୍ତିବାଚକ ଉକ୍ତି (Negative Statement) ବ୍ୟବହାର ନ କରି) ସଂଶୋଧନ କର ।
(i) r ଏକକ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର L ରେଖା ଏକ ଛେଦକ ହେଲେ, ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଠାରୁ L ର ଦୂରତା = r ଏକକ ।
(ii) ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O ଏବଂ ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ କୌଣସି ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P | P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ହେଲେ △OPT ରେ ∠POT ଏକ ସମକୋଣ ।
(iii) ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ r ଏକକ । ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଠାରୁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ t ଏକକ ଏବଂ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ୦ ଠାରୁ P ର ଦୂରତା d ଏକକ ହେଲେ, d² + r² = t²|
(iv) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର ସମତଳରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ Pରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\); P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ଏକ ଛେଦକ, ବୃତ୍ତଟିକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ, ଯେପରି P – A – B । ତେବେ PT² = PA × AB |
(v) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ଥ କୌଣସି ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ Q ଠାରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଅଙ୍କନ କରାଯାଇ ପାରିବ ।
(vi) ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ କେବଳ ଗୋଟିଏ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଅଛି, ଯେଉଁଠାରୁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ହେବ ।
(vii) ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରବିନ୍ଦୁ ଦ୍ଵୟ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା ସହ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧର ସମଷ୍ଟି ସମାନ ହେଲେ, ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟ ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ହେବେ ।
(viii) ଦୁଇଟି ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରନ୍ବୟର ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା, ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ଦ୍ବୟର ପାର୍ଥକ୍ୟ ସହ ସମାନ ।
(ix) ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଅନ୍ୟଟିର ଅନ୍ତର୍ଦେଶରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ହେଲେ, ସେ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ ମାତ୍ର ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରହିବ ।
(x) ଦୁଇଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ଛେଦ କରୁଥିବା ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର କେବଳ ଗୋଟିଏ ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଥାଏ ।
(xi) ଦୁଇଟି ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ, ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ଥ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ନୁହେଁ ।
(xii) ଦୁଇଟି ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶ ବିନ୍ଦୁ, ଉଭୟ ବୃତ୍ତ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ କୌଣସିଟିର ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ନୁହେଁ ।
Solution:
(i) <r
(ii) ∠OTP ଟି ∠PTO
(iii) d² = t² + r²
(iv) PT² = PA × PB
(v) ଅନ୍ତର୍ ବଦଲରେ ଦହିମ
(vi) ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଅଛି ଯେଉଁଠାରୁ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ହେବ ।
(vii) ସମଷ୍ଟି ବଦଳରେ ଅନ୍ତର ହେବ ।
(viii) ପାର୍ଥକ୍ୟ ବଦଳରେ ଅନ୍ତର ହେବ ।
(ix) ଗୋଟିଏ ମାତ୍ର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ହେବ ।
(x) ଗୋଟିଏ ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ ବଦଳରେ ଦୁଇଟି ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ହେବ ।
(xi) ଉଭୟର ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
(xii) ଉଭୟ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ।

Question 3.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରବିନ୍ଦୁ O ଏବଂ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ୫ ସେ.ମି. । ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ PO = 17 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ, P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ କେତେ ?
Solution:
ମନେକର S ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର 80 1
\(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ।
ଓ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ (OT) = 8 ସେ.ମି., P ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ S ।
PO = 17 ସେ.ମି.|

\(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ⊥ \(\overline{\mathrm{OT}}\)
POT ସମକୋଣା ତ୍ରିଭୁଜରେ PT = \(\sqrt{\mathrm{OP}^2-\mathrm{OT}^2}\)
= \(\sqrt{17^2-8^2}\) ସେ.ମି. = \(\sqrt{289-64}\) = \(\sqrt{225}\) = 15 ସେ.ମି.|
∴ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ pତୁର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ 15 ସେ.ମି. |

Question 4.
ଦୁଇଟି ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ 4.5 ସେ.ମି. ଓ 12.5 ସେ.ମି. । ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟକୁ P ଓ Q ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କଲେ, \(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\)ର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ କେତେ ?
Solution:

Question 5.
ଦୁଇଟି ଅଣଛେଦୀ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟକୁ P ଓ ଠୁ ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି । କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଦ୍ୱୟ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦୂରତା 20 ସେ.ମି. ଏବଂ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ଦ୍ୱୟ 7 ସେ.ମି. ଓ 5 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ, PQ କେତେ ସେ.ମି. ?
Solution:

Question 6.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P | P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ଗୋଟିଏ ଛେଦକ ଦର ବୃତ୍ତକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ, ଯେପରିକି P – A – B | P ବିଦୁଗାମୀ ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ଛେଦକ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ C ଓ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ ଯେପରିକି P – C – D|
Solution:

(i) ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ-ସଂପୃକ୍ତ ଉପପାଦ୍ୟ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ କରି ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ।
PA × PB = PC × PD
(ii) PA = 10 ସେ.ମି., PB = 16 ସେ.ମି. ଓ PD = 20 ସେ.ମି. 6ହଲେ, CD କଣ୍ଡଯ କର |
(iii) PA = 8 ସେ.ମି. ଓ AB =10 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ, P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
Solution:
ବଭ : ABCD ଦୂଇରେ P ଦହିମ ଏକ ଦିନ୍ଦୁ |
P – C – D ଓ P – A – B ଦୁଇଟି ଛେଦନ |
ତ୍ପ।ମାଣ୍ୟ : (i) PA × PB = PC × PD

ଅକନ : \(\overline{\text { PT }}\) ମ୍ଟଣକଖଣ୍ଡ ଅକନ କର |
ପ୍ତମାଣ: (i) PT² = PA × PB
PT² = PC × PD
∴ PA × PB = PC × PD

(ii) PC = \(\frac{PA \times PB}{PD}\) = \(\frac{10 \times 16}{20}\) ସେ.ମି = 8 ସେ.ମି
∴ CD = PD – PC = 20 ସେ.ମି – 8 ସେ.ମି = 12 ସେ.ମି |

(iii) PT² = PA × PB = PA (PA + AB)
= 8 × (8 + 10) = 8 × 18 ଦଗ ସେ.ମି |

Question 7.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ ଥ‌ିବା ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P | P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ଏକ ଛେଦକ ପୂର୍ବୋକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ । ଯେପରି P – A – b | P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରଶ୍ମିର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ T |

(i) m\(\overparen{\text { AXT }}\) = 60° m\(\overparen{\text { BYT }}\) = 130° ଛେଦକ, m∠ATP, m∠APT, m∠ATB ଓ m∠BTQ ନିଣ୍ଡୟ କର |
(ii) m∠BTQ = 2m∠ATP ହେଲେ ,ପ୍ରମାଣ କର : (a) BT = TP (b) TA = AP
(iii) PA = 8 ସେ.ମି. ଓ PT = 12 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ , AB ନିଣ୍ଟୟ କର |
(iv) PT = 2AP ଏବଂ AB = 18 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ , PT ନିଣ୍ଟୟ କର |
(v) PT = 2AP ଏବଂ PB = 24 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ , PT ନିଣ୍ଟୟ କର |
Solution:
\(\overline{\mathrm{B} T}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{A} T}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।

(i) m∠ABT = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)m\(\overparen{\text { AXT }}\) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 60° = 30°
⇒ m∠ATP = m∠ABT = 30°
m∠BAT = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)m\(\overparen{\text { BYT }}\) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 130° = 65°
△ATP ରେ ଦଦ୍ୱିମ m∠BAT = m∠ATP + m∠APT
⇒ m∠APT = m∠BAT – m∠ATP = 65° – 30° = 35°
m∠ATB = 180° – 30° – 65° = 85° (: ATB ଏକ ତ୍ରିଭୁବ)
m∠BTQ = m∠BAT = 65°

(ii) ମନେକର m∠ATP = θ ⇒ m∠ABT = θ
m∠BTQ = 2m∠ATP = 2θ
m∠BAT = m∠BTQ = 2θ
⇒ m∠APT = 2θ – θ = θ
△BTP ରେ m∠TBP = m∠TPB
⇒ BT = TP
△TAP ରେ m∠ATP = m∠APT ଦ୍ରେତୁ AT = AP

(iii) PT² = PA × PB
⇒ PB = \(\frac{\mathrm{PT}^2}{\mathrm{PA}}\) = \(\frac{12 \times 12}{8}\) = 18 ସେ.ମି
∴ AB = PB – PA = 18 ସେ.ମି – 8 ସେ.ମି = 10 ସେ.ମି |

(iv) PT² = PA × PB = PA × (PA + AB)
⇒ (2AP)² = PA (PA + 18)
⇒ \(\frac{4 \mathrm{AP}^2}{\mathrm{PA}}\) = PA + 18 ⇒ 4AP – AP = 18 ସେ.ମି.
⇒ 3AP = 18 ସେ.ମି. ⇒ PA = \(\frac { 18 }{ 3 }\) ସେ.ମି. = 6 ସେ.ମି.

(v) PT² = PA × PB
⇒ (2AP)² × (PA + AB)
⇒ PB = \(\frac{4 \mathrm{AP}^2}{\mathrm{PA}}\) = 4AP = 24 ସେ.ମି.
∴ PT = 2AP = \(\frac{4 \mathrm{AP}}{2}\) = \(\frac { 24 }{ 2 }\) ସେ.ମି. = 12 ସେ.ମି. |

Question 8.
(a) ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ଏହାର ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଯେକୌଣସି ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ବୟ ସର୍ବସମ ।
(b) ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ ଅନ୍ତସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଯେକୌଣସି ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ଵୟ ସର୍ବସମ ।

Solution:
(a) ଦତ୍ତ : S ଓ S ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟ ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ । ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ L | L ଉପରିସ୍ଥ M ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ | M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡଦ୍ଵୟ \(\overline{\mathrm{MN}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{MR}}\) |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : MN = MR
ପ୍ରମାଣ : M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ S₁ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ ।
⇒ MN = MP …(i)
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ ।
⇒ MR = MP …(ii)
(i) ଓ (ii)ରୁ MN = MR (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

(b) ଦତ୍ତ : S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟ ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ । ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ L । L ଉପରିସ୍ଥ M ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ । M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡଦ୍ଵୟ \(\overline{\mathrm{MN}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{MR}}\) |

ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : MN = MR
ପ୍ରମାଣ : M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଅନ୍ତବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ ।
⇒ MR = MP
ସେହିପରି M ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ
ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ ।
⇒ MN = MP
(i) ଓ (ii) ରୁ MN = MR (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 9.
ପରସ୍ପରଛେଦୀ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର ଛେଦବିନ୍ଦୁ A ଓ B । \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathbf{A B}}\) ଉପରିସ୍ଥ P ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯେପରି A – B – P। ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ଵୟ ସର୍ବସମ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଦତ୍ତ : ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ S₁ ଓ S₂, ପରସ୍ପରକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathbf{A B}}\) ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଠାରୁ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପ୍ରତି \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PR}}\) ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଅଙ୍କିତ ହୋଇଛି ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : PQ = PR
ପ୍ରମାଣ : S₁ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PQ}}\) |
S₁ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ଛେଦକ \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathbf{P A B}}\) |
∴ PQ² = PA.PB …(i)

ସେହିପରି S₂ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PR}}\) ।
S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ଛେଦକ \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathbf{P A B}}\) |
∴ PR² = PA·PB …(ii)
(i) ଓ (ii) ତି PQ² = PR² ⇒ PQ = PR (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 10.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ r₁ ଓ x₂ ଏକକ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍କ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ବୃତ୍ତ S₁ ଓ S₂ ର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A ଓ B । ଚିତ୍ର (a)ରେ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ଗୋଟିଏ ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overline{\mathbf{A B}}\) କୁ M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ,
AM : MB = r₁ : r₂ |

ଚିତ୍ର (b)ରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଗୋଟିଏ ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{A B}}\) କୁ M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ, ଯେପରିକି A-B-M | ତ୍ପମାଣ କର ସେ AM : BM = r₁ : r₂ |
ସମାଧାନ :
ଦତ୍ତ : ଦୁଇଟି ଅଣଛେଦୀ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ O₁ ଓ O₂ |
\(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଓ O₁O₂ ର ଛେଦବିନ୍ଦୁ R |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\frac{\mathrm{O}_1 \mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{R}}\) = \(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\)
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{O}_1 \mathrm{P}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{O}_1 \mathrm{Q}}\) ଅକନ କର |
ପ୍ରମାଣ : O₁PR ଓ A O₂OR ମଧ୍ୟରେ
m∠O₁PR= m∠0₂QR (ପ୍ତତ୍ୟେକ ସମୟରେ)
m∠O₁RP = m∠O∠0₂RQ (ପ୍ତତ୍ୟେକ ସମୟରେ)
⇒ △O₁PR ~ △O₂QR (କୋ-କୋ ଗାଦଶ୍ୟ)
⇒ \(\frac{\mathrm{O}_1 \mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{R}}\) = \(\frac{\mathrm{O}_1 \mathrm{P}}{\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{Q}}\) ⇒ \(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\) (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

(b) ଦତ୍ତ : S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟ ଅଣଛେଦୀ । ସେମାନଙ୍କ କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A ଓ B |
\(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ।
\(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{AB}}\) ର ଛେଦ ବିନ୍ଦୁ M, A – B – M |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\frac { AM }{ BM }\) = \(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\)
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{AP}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{BQ}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ସ୍ତମାଣ: m∠APM = 90°

(\(\overline{\mathrm{PM}}\), S₁ ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ହେତୁ)
ସେହିପରି m∠BQM = 90°
⇒ m∠APM = = m∠BQM
m∠PMA = m∠QMB (ପାଧାରଣ କୋଣ)
⇒ △APM ~ △BQM (କୋ-କୋ ଗାଦଶ୍ୟ)
⇒ \(\frac { AM }{ BM }\) = \(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\)

Question 11.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତରେ \(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PR}}\) ଜ୍ୟା ଦ୍ଵୟ ସର୍ବସମ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ, \(\overline{\mathrm{QR}}\) ସହ ସମାନ୍ତର ।

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : ବୃତ୍ତର \(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PR}}\) ଦୁଇଟି ସର୍ବସମ ଜ୍ୟା ।
P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overleftrightarrow{M N}\) |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\overleftrightarrow{M N}\) || \(\overline{\mathrm{QR}}\)
ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠MPQ = m∠PRQ (ଏକାନ୍ତର ଚାପାନ୍ତର୍ଲିଖ କୋଣ)
PQ = PR ⇒ m∠PQR = m∠PRQ
∴ m∠MPQ = m∠PQR
କିନ୍ତୁ ଏମାନେ ଏକାନ୍ତର ହେତୁ \(\overleftrightarrow{M N}\) || \(\overline{\mathrm{QR}}\) | (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 12.
ଦୁଇଟି ଏକକେନ୍ଦ୍ରିକ ବୃତ୍ତ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଗୋଟିକର ଏକ ଜ୍ୟା \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଅନ୍ୟ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହୁଏ ।
Solution:

ଦତ୍ତ : S₁ ଓ S₂ ଦୁଇଟି ଏକକେନ୍ଦ୍ରିକ ବୃତ୍ତ । S₁ ବୃତ୍ତର ଜ୍ୟା \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\),
ଯାହା S₂ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଅଟେ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଜ୍ୟା M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହେବ । ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ AM = MB |
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{OM}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର ‘M’ ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ । \(\overline{\mathrm{OM}}\) ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ । ⇒ \(\overline{\mathrm{OM}}\) ⊥ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\)
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଜ୍ୟା ପ୍ରତି \(\overline{\mathrm{OM}}\) ଲମ୍ବ ହେତୁ M, \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) କ୍ୟାଟି M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହେବ । (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 13.
ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ବୃତ୍ତର ଦୁଇ ସମାନ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶକର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ ଦ୍ଵୟର ସଂଯୋଜକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ ।
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : S ବୃତ୍ତର ଠ କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ।
\(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) || \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) ବୃତ୍ତ Sର ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ।
ସେମାନଙ୍କ ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ E ଓ F |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : E-O-F ଏକ ରେଖ୍ୟ ଅର୍ଥାତ୍‌ \(\overline{\mathrm{EF}}\) ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସ ।
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{EO}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{OF}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର । O ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) ସହ ସମାନ୍ତର କରି \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{MON}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।

ତ୍ପମାଣ : m∠OEA = 90° ଓ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathrm{AB}}\) || \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathrm{MN}}\)
⇒ m∠EOM = 90°
ସେଦ୍ୱିପରି m∠FOM = 90°
∴ m∠EOM + m∠FOM = 90° + 90° = 180°
⇒ E-O-F ଏକରେଖ୍ୟ ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ \(\overline{\mathrm{EF}}\) ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସ ।

Question 14.
△ABC ସମ୍ପୃକ୍ତ \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) ବାହୁ, \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{A B}}\) ରଶ୍ମି ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{A C}}\) ରଶ୍ମିକୁ POR ବୃତ୍ତ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ P, Q ଓ R ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରେ | ତ୍ପମାଣ କର ଯେ, AQ = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) (AB + BC + AC)|
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : △ABC ର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତ POR, \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) ବାହୁକୁ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରେ ଏବଂ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{AC}}\) ରଶ୍ମି ଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ Q ଓ R ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରେ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : AQ = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) (AB + BC + CA)
ପ୍ରମାଣ : ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ A ରୁ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ ।
∴ AQ = AR

ପୁନଶ୍ଚ BQ = BP ଏବଂ CP = CR
2AQ = AQ + AQ = AQ + AR = AB + BQ + AC + CR
= AB + BP + AC + CP = AB + (BP + CP) + AC = AB + BC + AC
∴ AQ = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) (AB + BC + AC) (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 15.
ଏକ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ରର ସମସ୍ତ ବାହୁକୁ ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ରଟି ଏକ ରମ୍ବସ୍ ।
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ :
ABCD ଏକ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ର । ଏହାର \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{DA}}\) ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ P, Q, R, S ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରେ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : ABCD ଏକ ରମ୍ବସ୍ ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ A ରୁ AP = AS
ସେହିପରି BP = BQ, DR = DS ଓ CR = CQ
∴ AP + BP + DR + CR = AS + BQ + DS + CQ = AS + DS + BQ + CQ

⇒ AB + CD = AD + BC
⇒ AB + AB = AD + AD (‘.’ AB = CD ଓ AD = BC)
⇒ 2AB = 2AD
⇒ AB = AD
ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ABCD ଏକ ରମ୍ବସ୍ । (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 16.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O ଏବଂ ଏହି ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P | P ଠାରୁ ପୂର୍ବୋକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ଵୟ ହେଉଛନ୍ତି \(\overline{\mathrm{PA}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PB}}\) | \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) ର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ବୃତ୍ତଟିର ବ୍ୟାସ ସହ ସମାନ ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, △ABP ଏକ ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜ ।
Solution:

ଦତ୍ତ : ABC ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଠ ଓ P ଏକ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ । \(\overline{\mathrm{PA}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PB}}\) ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ।
OP = ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : △ABP ଏକ ସମବାହୁ ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ AP = BP = AB |
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{OA}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{OB}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{AR}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
∴ OP = 2r = 2OR ⇒ R, \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
∴ △OAP ସମକୋଣୀ (∵ m∠OAP = 90°)
ସମକୋଣରୁ କର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ Rକୁ ସଂଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ \(\overline{\mathrm{AR}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) ର ଅର୍ଦ୍ଧେକ ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ବିଶିଘୁ |
∴ AR = OA = OR
∴ AROA = OR
m∠AOR = 60°
ସେହିପରି m∠BOR = 60°
∴ m∠AOB 120° ⇒ m∠APB = 60°
ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ △APBରେ PA = PB ଏବଂ m∠APB = 60°
∴ △APB ସମବାହୁ ।

Question 17.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O ଏବଂ P ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକବିନ୍ଦୁ । \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P T}}\) ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରଶ୍ମିର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ T, \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ Q ହେଲେ ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, QT = QP |
Solution:

ଦତ୍ତ : S ବୃତ୍ତର ‘O’ କେନ୍ଦ୍ର । P ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
\(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ Q । \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P T}}\) ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : QT = OP
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{OT}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠OTP = 90° (ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ, ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିଦୁଗାମୀ ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ ପ୍ରତି ଲମ୍ବ)
∴ △OTP ସମକୋଣୀ । ଉକ୍ତ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର କର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ Q |
∴ ସମକୋଣା ତ୍ରିଭୁକର ସମକୋଣରୁ କଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟ ବିନ୍ଦୁକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ସରକରେଖା କଣ୍ଡର ବୈଶ୍ୟର ଅର୍ଦ୍ଧେକ ।
∴ QT = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) OP = QP (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 18.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରଶ୍ମି \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P T}}\) ର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ T | P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ଏକ ରେଖା ଉକ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ, ଯେପରିକି P-A-B | \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଉପରେ A ଓ Bର ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ C ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ କର :
(a) \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T C}}\), ∠ATB , ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର PC = PT
(b) PC = PT ହେଲେ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T C}}\) ଦ୍ଵାରା ∠ATB ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହୁଏ ।
Solution:
(a)
ଦତ୍ତ : ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P । PT ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଏବଂ P – A – B ଏକ ଛେଦକରେଖା ।
\(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T C}}\), ∠ATBର ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡକ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : PC = PT
ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠PTA = m∠ABT (ଏକାନ୍ତର ବୃତ୍ତଖଣ୍ଡସ୍ଥ )

m∠ATC = m∠BTC (ଦଇ)
⇒ m∠PTA + m∠ATC = m∠ABT + m∠BTC
⇒ m∠ABT + m∠BTC = m∠CBT + m∠BTC = m∠TCA
(△BTCର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ କୋଣ)
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ m∠PTA + m∠ATC = m∠PTC
∴ m∠PTC = m∠TCA ⇒ m∠PTC = m∠TCP ⇒ PT = PC

(b) ଦତ୍ତ : ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର P ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁ । \(\overline{\mathrm{PT}}\) ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଏବଂ P-A–B ଏକ ଛେଦକ ।
\(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ର ମଧ୍ୟସ୍ଥ C ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ PT = PC |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T C}}\), ∠ATBର ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡକ ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : △PTCରେ PT = PC (ଦତ୍ତ)

⇒ m∠PTC= m∠PCT
⇒ m∠PTA + m∠ATC = m∠CBT + m∠BTC
(∵ △TBC ରେ ଦହିମ କୋଣ ∠PCT)
m∠PTA = m∠CBT (ଏକାନ୍ତ୍ରର ଦ୍ବରଖଣ୍ଡମ)
⇒ m∠ATC = m∠BTC ⇒ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{T C}}\), ∠ATBର ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡକ (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 19.
△ABCର ବାହୁ AB ଓ AC ଉପରେ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ X ଓ Y ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ, ଯେପରିକି △ABCର ଅନ୍ତଃବୃତ୍ତକୁ \(\overline{\mathbf{XY}}\) ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରିବ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ AX + XY+YA = AB + AC – BC |

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : △ABC ର ଅନ୍ତଃ ବୃ ତ୍ତ ବାହୁ ମାନ ଙ୍କୁ AB, BC, AC କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ P, Q, R ବିନ୍ଦୁ ରେ B ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରେ । △ABC ର AB ଓ AC ବାହୁ ଉପରେ X ଓ Y ଏପରି ଦୁଇରି ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯେ XY, AABC Q ଅନ୍ତଃବୃତ୍ତକୁ M ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରେ ।
ହ୍ମାଣ୍ୟ: AX + XY + YA = AB + AC – BC
ପ୍ରମାଣ: AB+ AC – BC

= AP + BP + AR + RC − (BQ + QC)
= (AX + XP) + BP + (AY + YR) + RC – BQ – QC
[ଦତ୍ତ XM = XP, YM = YR, BP = BQ 19° RC = QC]
= AX + XM + BQ + AY + MY + QC − BQ – QC
= AX + AY + (XM + MY) = AX + AY + XY
∴ AX + AY + XY = AB + AC – BC

Question 20.
ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ S₁ ଓ S₂ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି ।
ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି । P ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଦେଇ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathbf{A B}}\) କୁ C ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର :
(a) AC = BC ଏର୍ତ (b) m∠APB = 90° |

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି । ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathbf{A B}}\), ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରେ । P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathbf{A B}}\) କୁ ‘C’ ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରୁଛି ।
ପ୍ରାମଣ୍ୟ: (i) AC = CB (ii) m∠APB = 90°
ପ୍ରମାଣ : C ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ୱୟର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ସମାନ । ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ CA = CP |
ସେହିପରି ଅନ୍ୟ ବୃତ୍ତରେ CP = CB ∴CA = CB .. (i) (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)
∵ CA = CP → m∠CAP = m∠CPA
∵ CP = CB → m∠CBP = m∠CPB
∴ m∠CAP + m∠CBP = m∠CPA + m∠CPB
⇒ m∠CAP +m∠CBP = m∠APB
⇒ m∠CAP+m∠CBP + m∠APB = 2m∠APB
⇒ 180° = 2m∠APB ⇒ m∠APB = 90° …(ii) (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 21.
S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । S₁ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଦେଇ ଅଙ୍କିତ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P A}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P B}}\) S, ବୃତ୍ତକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ C ଓ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ S₁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ, \(\overline{\mathbf{CD}}\) ସହ ସମାନ୍ତର ।
Solution:

ଦତ୍ତ : S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦ୍ବୟ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । P, S₁ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ । \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P A}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{P B}}\), S₂ କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ C ଓ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{XY}}\) || \(\overline{\mathbf{CD}}\)
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{AB}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।

ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠XPA = m∠ABP (ଏକାନ୍ତର ବୃତ୍ତଖଣ୍ଡସ୍ଥ କୋଣ)
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ ABDC ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତାନ୍ତର୍ଲିଖତ ଚତୁର୍ଭୁଜ ।
∠ABP ଚତୁର୍ଭୁଜଟିର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ କୋଣ ।
ଏଠାରେ m∠ABP = m∠ACD
∴ m∠XPA = m∠ACD କିନ୍ତୁ ଏମାନେ ଏକାନ୍ତର ।
∴ \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{XY}}\) || \(\overline{\mathbf{CD}}\) (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 22.
ଦୁଇଟି ପରସ୍ପର ଅଣଛେଦୀ ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସାର୍ଦ୍ଧ r₁ ଓ r₂ ଏକକ ଏବଂ r₁ > r₂ ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରଦ୍ଵୟ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଦୂରତା d ଏକକ ହେଲେ ଏବଂ
(a) ଉଭୟ ବୃତ୍ତର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ A ଓ B ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ
AB² = d²(r₁ – r₂) ଏବଂ
(b) ଉଭୟ ବୃତ୍ତର ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ C ଓ D ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ CD² = d²(r₁ + r₂)²
Solution:
(a) ଦତ୍ତ : O ଓ P ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ S₁ ଓ S₂ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ OP = d |
S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ
ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A ଓ B|

OA = r, PB = r₂ , r₁ > r₂
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : AB² = d² – (r₁ – r₂)²
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{OA}}\) ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathbf{PB}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର । \(\overline{\mathbf{PD}}\) ⊥ \(\overline{\mathbf{OA}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
\(\overline{\mathbf{PD}}\) || \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।

ପ୍ରମାଣ : ADPB ଏକ ଆୟତକ୍ଷେତ୍ରର ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କୋଣ ସମକୋଣ
∴ AD = PB = r₂
⇒ OD = OA – AD = r₁ – r₂ ଓ AB = PD
△ODPରେ m∠ODP = 90°
⇒ OP² = OD² + PD² (ପିଥାଗୋରାସ୍ ଉପପାଦ୍ୟ)
⇒ PD² = OP² – OD² ⇒ AB = d² – (r₁ – r₂)²

(b) ଦତ୍ତ: O ଓ P ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ରବିନ୍ଦୁ ଏବଂ OP = d |
S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତର ତୀର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ C ଓ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରେ ।
OC= r₁, PD = r₂ ଓ r₁ > r₂ |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : CD² = d² – (r₁ + r₂)²
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{OC}}\), \(\overline{\mathbf{PD}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
\(\overline{\mathbf{PE}}\) || \(\overline{\mathbf{CD}}\) ଅକନ କର ଯେବେକି \(\overline{\mathbf{PE}}\)
\(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{OF}}\) କୁ E ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରିବ ।

ପ୍ରମାଣ : CEPD ଏକ ଆୟତଚିତ୍ର (ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କୋଣ ସମକୋଣ)
CE = PD = r₂
∴ OE = OC+CE = r₁ + r₂
OP = d (ଦତ୍ତ) ଓ PE = CD
m∠OCD = 90°, ∠CDP = 90°, m∠CEP = 90°
△OEPରେ OP² = OE² + PE² (ପିଥାଗୋରାସ୍ ଉପପାଦ୍ୟ)
∴PE² = OP² – OE²
⇒ CD² = OP² – OE² = d² – (r₁ + r₂)² (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 23.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରଶ୍ମିଦ୍ଵୟର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ Q ଏବଂ R | \(\overline{\mathbf{QR}}\) ଜ୍ୟାଦ୍ଵାରା ଛେଦିତ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରଚାପର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ S ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{QS}}\) ଦ୍ଵାରା ∠PQR ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହୁଏ |
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଏବଂ P ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରଶ୍ମିଦ୍ବୟର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ Q ଏବଂ R । \(\overline{\mathbf{QR}}\) ଜ୍ୟାଦ୍ଵାରା ଛେଦିତ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରଚାପର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ S ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\overline{\mathbf{QS}}\), ∠PORର ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡକ ।
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{SR}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : \(\overparen{\mathrm{QSR}}\) ଚାପର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ S |

⇒ \(\overline{\mathbf{QS}}\) ≅ \(\overline{\mathbf{SR}}\) ⇒ m∠SRQ = m∠SQR
\(\overline{\mathbf{PQ}}\) ଏକ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଏବଂ \(\overline{\mathbf{QS}}\) ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ଜ୍ୟା ।
⇒ m∠POS = m∠SRQ (ଏକାନ୍ତର ବୃତ୍ତଖଣ୍ଡସ୍ଥ )
∴ m∠PQS = m∠SQR
ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{SQ}}\), ∠PORର ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡକ ।

Question 24.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ ଥିବା ବୃତ୍ତର AT ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ । ବୃତ୍ତ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ B । \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଏବଂ I ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overleftrightarrow{ T P}\) କୁ ( ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ Q ବିନ୍ଦୁ ହେଉଛି PT ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ।

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : \(\overline{\mathbf{AT}}\) ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ । ABT ବୃତ୍ତ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ B ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ |
\(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{AB}}\) ଓ T ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ \(\overleftrightarrow{ T P}\) ର ଛେଦବିନ୍ଦୁ Q |
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : Q, \(\overline{\mathbf{TP}}\)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ।
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{BT}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : ବହିଃସ୍ଥ ( ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ଵୟ \(\overline{\mathbf{QB}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathbf{QT}}\) |
⇒ QB = QT
⇒ m∠QBT = m∠QTB
m∠ABT = 90° (∵ \(\overline{\mathbf{AT}}\) ବୃତ୍ତ ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ)
m∠PBT = 90°
⇒ m∠PBQ + m∠QBT = 90°
ପୁନମ୍ନ m∠BTQ + m∠BPQ = 90°

⇒ m∠PBQ + m∠QBT = m∠BTQ + m∠BPQ
(: m∠QBT = m∠QTB)
⇒ m∠PBQ = m∠BPQ ⇒ BQ = QP
ପୁନମ୍ନ BQ = QT ⇒ QP = QT (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 25.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତରେ \(\overline{\mathbf{AB}}\) ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ । B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଉପରେ C ଏପରି ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯେପରି \(\overline{\mathbf{CA}}\), ବୃତ୍ତକୁ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ AB² = AC × AD |

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : \(\overline{\mathbf{AB}}\), S ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ ।
\(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{BC}}\) ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ C – D – A ଏକ ଛେଦକ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : AB² = AC × AD
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{BD}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : BC ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ⇒ ∠ABC = ସମକୋଣ
△ACBରେ AB² + BC² = AC² ⇒ AB² = AC² – BC²
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ CB² = CD · CA
⇒ AB² = AC² – BC² = AC² – CD · CA
= AC (AC – CD) = AC × AD (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 26.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତରେ \(\overline{\mathbf{AB}}\) ଏକ ବ୍ୟାସ । B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଉପରେ C ଓ D ଦୁଇଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଯେପରି C-B-D | ଯଦି CA ଓ \(\overline{\mathbf{DA}}\) ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ P ଓ Q ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ AC × AP = AD × AQ |
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : \(\overline{\mathbf{AB}}\) ଏକ ବୃତ୍ତର ବ୍ୟାସ । B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{C D}\) । AC ଓ \(\overline{\mathbf{AD}}\) ବୃତ୍ତକୁ P ଓ Q ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦକରନ୍ତି ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : AC × AP = AD × AQ
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{BP}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathbf{BQ}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : △APB ଓ △ABC ମଧ୍ୟରେ
m∠APB m∠ABC (ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ସମକୋଣ)
m∠PAB = m∠BAC (ସାଧାରଣ କୋଣ)

⇒ △APB ~ △ABC (କୋ.କୋ, ସାଦୃଶ୍ୟ)
⇒ \(\frac { AP }{ AB }\) = \(\frac { AB }{ AC }\) ⇒ AB² = AP × AC …(i)
ସେହିପରି △ABQ ~ △ABD
AB² = AD × AQ …(ii)
∴ (i) ଓ (ii)ରୁ AP × AC = AD × AQ (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 27.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତ ଦୁଇଟି ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଏବଂ G ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ । ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରଶ୍ମି \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PY}}\) ଦ୍ଵୟର ସାଧାରଣ ମୂଳ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P | S₁ ଓ S, ବୃତ୍ତକୁ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ C ଓ ଯ ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଏବଂ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PY}}\) ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ D ଓ F ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି ।
(a) ପ୍ରମାଣ କର :
(i) P, A, G, B ଏକ ସରଳରେଖାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଓ
(ii) CE = DF

(b) ଉଭୟ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PY}}\) କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ M ଓ N ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦକଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର :
(i) PM = PN, (ii) MG = NG ।
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : S₁ ଓ S₂ ଦୁଇଟି ବହିଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ବୃତ୍ତ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ G ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି । ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟର ସରଳ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ରଶ୍ମି \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PX}}\) ଓ \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{PY}}\), S₁ ଓ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ C ଓ E ଏବଂ D ଓ F ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରନ୍ତି । ଓ ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ PX ଓ PY କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ M ଓ N ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରନ୍ତି । ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ୱୟର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A ଓ B |

ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : (a) (i) P, A, G ଓ B ସରଳରେଖାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ । (ii) CE = DF
(b) (i) PM = PN, (ii) MG = NG
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathbf{AC}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathbf{AD}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : PE = PD (ବହିଃସ୍ଥ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ S₂ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ)
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ PC = PD (ବହିଃସ୍ଥ P ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ S₁ ବୃତ୍ତ ପ୍ରତି ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଖଣ୍ଡ)
∴ PE – PC = PF – PD ⇒ CE = DF (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)
CM = MG ଏବଂ ME = MG ⇒ CM = ME
ସେହିପରି DN = NG ଏବଂ NG = NF
DN = NF, CE = DF (ପୂର୍ବରୁ ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)
⇒ 2 CM = 2 DN ⇒ CM = DN ….(i)
PC = PD = PC + CM = PD + DN → PM = PN
(i)ରୁ CM= DN →:MG = NG
(∵ MC = MG, DN = NG)
PM = PN (ପୂର୍ବରୁ ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)
⇒ m∠PMG = m∠PNG ⇒ m∠CMG = m∠DNG
ଦଇମାନ CAGM ଚତୁରିକରେ m∠ACM + m∠AGM = 180°
∴ m∠CMG + m∠CAG = 180° … (ii)
ସେହିପରି m∠DNG + m∠DAG = 180° …(iii)
m∠CMG + m∠CAG = m∠DNG + m∠DAG
m∠CAG = m∠DAG (∵ m∠CMG = m∠DNG)
m∠PAC = m∠PAD ….(iv)
(iv)ରୁ 2m∠CAG + 2m∠PAC = 360° ⇒ m∠CAG + m∠PAC = 180°
⇒ P, A, G ଏକରେଖ କିନ୍ତୁ A, G, B ଏକ ରେଞ୍ଜ
∴ P, A, G, B ଏକସରଳରେଖାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ । (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 28.
ପରସ୍ପର ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ P । ଏକ ସରଳରେଖା ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଓ ଅନ୍ୟ ବୃତ୍ତକୁ C ଓ Ð ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ ∠APC ଓ ∠BPD ସର୍ବସମ । [A-C-D ଓ A-D-C ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ପ୍ରମାଣ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ।
Solution:

ଦତ୍ତ : ପରସ୍ପର ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଦୁଇଟି ବୃତ୍ତର ସ୍ପର୍ଶବିନ୍ଦୁ P । ଏକ ସରଳରେଖା ବୃତ୍ତଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A, B ଓ C, D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦକରନ୍ତି ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : ∠APC ≅ ∠BPD
ଅଙ୍କନ : P ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ X – P – Y ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ମନେକର \(\overline{\mathrm{PC}}\)ର ଏକ ପାର୍ଶ୍ବରେ A ଓ X ଅବସ୍ଥାନ କରୁ ।
\(\overline{\mathrm{PA}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{PD}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{PC}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PB}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : ମନେକର A – C – D – B|
m∠DPY = m∠DCP (ଏକାନ୍ତର ବୃତ୍ତଖଣ୍ଡସ୍ଥ)
ସେହିପରି m∠BPY = m∠DAP
∴ m∠DPY – m∠BPY = m∠DCP – m∠DAP
⇒ m∠DPB = m(∠CAP + m∠APC) – m∠DAP
(∵ ବହିଃସ୍ଥ m∠DCP = m∠CAP + m∠APC)
= m∠CAP + m∠APC – m∠CAP = m∠APC
ସେହିପରି A – D – C – B ହେଲେ ପ୍ରମାଣ ଅନୁରୂପ ।

Question 29.
△ABC ର ଅନ୍ତଃବୃତ୍ତ, \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{CA}}\) କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ P, Q ଓ R ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶ କରେ । ଚିତ୍ରରେ BQ = 8 ସେ.ମି., CQ = 6 ସେ.ମି. ଏବଂ △ABCର ପରିସୀମା 36 ସେ.ମି. ହେଲେ, AB ଓ AC ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : △ABCର ଅନ୍ତଃବୃତ୍ତ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{CA}}\) କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ P, Q ଓ R ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦକରେ ।
BQ = 8 ସେ.ମି., CQ = 6 ସେ.ମି.
△ABCର ପରିସୀମା = 36 ସେ.ମି.
ନିର୍ଦେୟ : BQ = 8 ସେ.ମି. ⇒ BP = 8 ସେ.ମି.
CQ = 6 ସେ.ମି. ⇒ CR = 6 ସେ.ମି.
ମନେକର AP = AR = x ସେ.ମି.
△ABCର ପରିସୀମା = 36 ସେ.ମି.
⇒ AP + PB + BQ + QC +CR + RA = 36
⇒ (x + 8 + 8 + 6 + 6 + x) = 36 ⇒ 2x + 28 = 36
⇒ 2x = 36 – 28 = 8 ⇒ x = \(\frac { 8 }{ 2 }\) = 4
∴ AB = AP + BP = 4 ସେ.ମି. + 8 ସେ.ମି. = 12 ସେ.ମି.
AC = AR + CR = 4 ସେ.ମି. + 6 ସେ.ମି. = 10 ସେ.ମି. |

Question 30.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O ଏବଂ ପରିଲିଖ୍ ଚତୁର୍ଭୁଜ ABCD ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ ∠AOB ଓ ∠COD ପରସ୍ପର ପରିପୂରକ । ∠B0C ଏବଂ ∠AOD ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଥ‌ିବା ସମ୍ପର୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : ABCD ଚତୁର୍ଭୁଜ S ବୃତ୍ତର ପରିଲିଖ । ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O |
gla: (i) m∠AOB + m∠COD = 180°
(ii) ∠BOC ଏବଂ ∠COD ମଧ୍ୟରେ ସଂପର୍କ ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠ABO = m∠CBO ⇒ m∠ABO = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠B
m∠BAO = m∠DA0 ⇒ m∠BAO = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠A
m∠OCD = m∠OCB ⇒ m∠OCD = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠C
m∠ODC = m∠ODA ⇒ m∠ODC = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠D

∴ m∠ABO + m∠BAO + m∠OCD + m∠ODC
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) (m∠A + m∠B + m∠C + m∠D) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 360° = 180°
ପୁନଶ୍ଚ m∠ABO + m∠BAO + m∠OCD + m∠ODC + m∠AOB + ∠COD = 180° + 180° = 360° …(ii)
∴ (i) ଓ (ii) ରୁ m∠AOB + m∠COD = 180° (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)
ସେହିପରି m∠AOD + m∠BOC = 180° ଦେବ |

Question 31.
ଗୋଟିଏ ବୃତ୍ତର ଏକ ଜ୍ଯା \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\), ଏହି ବୃତ୍ତ ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଠାରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ସହ ସମାନ୍ତର ହେଲେ, ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ P ବିନ୍ଦୁଠାରେ \(\overparen{\mathbf{A P B}}\) ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡିତ ହୁଏ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଦତ୍ତ : ABP ବୃତ୍ତର AB ଏକ ଜ୍ୟା । P ଠାରେ \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) ସହ ସମାନ୍ତର ଭାବେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\overleftrightarrow{\mathrm{XY}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{PB}}\)ର ଏକ ପାର୍ଶ୍ଵରେ X ଓ A ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ।
ପ୍ରାମାଣ୍ୟ : \(\widehat{\mathrm{AP}}\) ≅ \(\widehat{\mathrm{BP}}\)

ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{PA}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{PB}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : m∠XPA = m∠PBA (ଏକାନ୍ତର ବୃତ୍ତଖଣ୍ଡସ୍ଥ)
m∠XPA = m∠PAB (ଏକାନ୍ତର କରେ)
⇒ m∠PBA = m∠PAB
⇒ \(\widehat{\mathrm{PA}}\) ≅ \(\widehat{\mathrm{PB}}\)

Question 32.
ଚିତ୍ରରେ ଥ‌ିବା ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର 0, L₁ ଓ L₂ ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଏବଂ L₁ || L₂ | ବୃତ୍ତର K ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathbf{P Q}}\), L₁ ଓ L₂ କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ M ଓ N ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦ କରେ । ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ ∠MON ଏକ ସମକୋଣ ।

Solution:
ଦତ୍ତ : S ବୃତ୍ତର କେନ୍ଦ୍ର O,
L₁ ଓ L₂ ବୃତ୍ତପ୍ରତି ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ ଏବଂ L₁ || L₂| ବୃତ୍ତର K ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଅଙ୍କିତ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକ PO
L₁ ଓ L₂ କୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ M ଓ N ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ଛେଦକରେ ।
ପ୍ଵାମଣ୍ୟ: m∠MON = 90°
ଅଙ୍କନ : \(\overline{\mathrm{CO}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{DO}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{OK}}\), \(\overline{\mathrm{MO}}\) ଓ \(\overline{\mathrm{NO}}\) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
L₁ ଓ L₂, S ବୃତ୍ତକୁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ C ଓ D ବିନ୍ଦୁରେ ସ୍ପର୍ଶକରୁ ।
ପ୍ରମାଣ : △OCM ଓ △OKMରେ
MC = MK. \(\overline{\mathrm{MO}}\) ସାଧାରଣ ବାହୁ ।
ଓ m∠OCM= m∠OKM (ସାଧାରଣ)
∴ △OCM = △OKM = m∠CMO = m∠OMK

ସେହିପରି ପ୍ରମାଣ କରାଯାଇପାରେ ଯେ △OKN ≅ △ODN ⇒ m∠ONK = m∠OND L₁ || L₂, \(\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\mathrm{PQ}}\) ଛେଦକ ।
ତେଣୁ m∠CMK + m∠DNK= 180° ⇒ \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠CMK + \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) m∠DNK = 90°
⇒ m∠KMO + m∠KNO = 90° …(i)
କିନ୍ତୁ m∠KMO + m∠KNO + m∠MON = 180°
90° + m∠MON = 180° [(i) ରୁ]
m∠MON = 180° – 90° = 90° (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Algebra Chapter 6 ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଜ୍ୟାମିତି Ex 6(b) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 Maths Solutions Algebra Chapter 6 ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଜ୍ୟାମିତି Ex 6(b)

Question 1.
ବନ୍ଧନୀ ମଧ୍ଯରୁ ସଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନ ପୂରଣ କର ।
(i) ଯଦି (1, – 2) ବିନ୍ଦୁଟି (4, 2) ଓ (K, – 6) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ବୟର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ହୁଏ, ତେବେ k = ………. । [-2, 2, – 4, 4]
(ii) (- 2, 3) ଓ (3, – 2) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ହେଉଛି ………. । [(1, 1), (\(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\)), (\(\frac{5}{2}, \frac{5}{2}\)) (\(-\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}\))]
(iii) ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ହେଉଛି ମୂଳବିନ୍ଦୁ; ଯଦି ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡଟିର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ (2, 3) ହୁଏ, ତେବେ ………. । [(-2, 3), (2,-3),(-2,-3) (\(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\))]
(iv) (0, 2) ଓ (2, 0) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟର ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 1 : 2 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ………. । [(\(\frac{4}{3}, \frac{2}{3}\)), (\(\frac{4}{3}, \frac{2}{3}\)), (-2, 4),(4, -2)]
ଉତ୍ତର:
(i) -2
(ii) (\(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\))
(iii) (-2, -3)
(iv) (\(\frac{2}{3}, \frac{4}{3}\))

Question 2.
ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ଦତ୍ତ ବିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
(i) (3, 4), (1,-2)
(ii) (-1,3), (4, 0)
(iii) (\(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{3}\)), (\(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\))
(iv) (0,-3), (-4, 0)
(v) (-1,-2), (3, -1)
(vi) (a, b), (c, d)
(vii) (-2, 1), (-3, -4)
(viii) (at₁², 2at₁), (at₂², 2at₂)
ସମାଧାନ :
P (x,, y,) ଓ Q(x, y) ହେଲେ PQର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = (\(\frac{x_1+x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1+y_2}{2}\))
(i) P (3, 4) ଓ Q (1, -2) PQର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{3+1}{2}, \frac{4+(-2)}{2}\)) = (2, 1)
(ii) (-1,3) ଓ (4, 0)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{-1+4}{2}, \frac{3+0)}{2}\)) = \(\frac{3}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\)
(iii) (\(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{3}\)) ଓ (\(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\))ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ \(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}}{2}, \frac{\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)=\left(\frac{5}{12}, \frac{5}{12}\right)\)
(iv) (0,-3) ଓ (-4,0)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{1-4}{2}, \frac{-3+0}{2}\)) = (-2, \(\frac{-3}{2}\))
(v) (-1, -2) ଓ (3, -1)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{-1+3}{2}, \frac{-2-1}{2}\)) = (1, \(\frac{-3}{2}\))
(vi) (a, b) ଓ (c, d)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{a+c}{2}, \frac{b+d}{2}\))
(vii) (-2, 1) ଓ (-3, -4)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{-1+3}{2}, \frac{-2-1}{2}\)) = (1, \(\frac{-3}{2}\))
(viii) (at₁², 2at₁) ଓ (at₂², 2at₂)ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ \(\left(\frac{{at}_1^2+{at}_2^2}{2}, \frac{2 {at}_1+2 {at}_2}{2}\right)\) = (\(\frac{a({t}_1^2+{t}_2^2)}{2}\), a(t₁+t₂))

Question 3.
ନିମ୍ନଲିଖତ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ଦତ୍ତ ଦୁଇବିନ୍ଦୁକୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ହେଉଛି (-1, 2) । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ । ଓ kର ମାନ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
(i) (h, -1), (2, k)
(ii) (5, 3), (h, k)
(iii) (1+h, k), (k, -h – 1)
(iv) (h – k, k – h), (2h, 2k)
ସମାଧାନ :
(i) (h, 1 ) ଓ (2, k) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-1, 2) ।
∴ \(\frac{h+2}{2}\) = -1 ⇒ h + 2 = -2 ⇒ h = -4
ଏବଂ \(\frac{-1+k}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ -1 + k = 4 ⇒ k = 5
∴ h ଓ kର ମାନ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ – 4 ଓ 5 ।

(ii) 5, 3) ଓ (h, k) ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-1, 2) ।
∴ \(\frac{5+h}{2}\) = -1 ⇒ 5 + h = -2 ⇒ h = -7
ଏବଂ \(\frac{3+k}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ 3 + k = 4 ⇒ k = 1
∴ h ଓ kର ମାନ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ – 7 ଓ 1 ।

(iii) (1+h, k), (k, – h – 1) ବିଦୁ୍ୟଦ୍ୱୟକୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-1, 2) ।
\(\frac{1+h+k}{2}\) = -1 ⇒ 1 + h + k = -2 ⇒ h + k = -3
ଏବଂ \(\frac{k-h-1}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ k – h – 1 = 4 ⇒ k – h = 5
ସମୀକରଣ (i) ଓ (ii) କୁ ଯୋଗକଲେ,

kର ମାନ ସମୀକରଣ (i)ରେ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ କଲେ, h + k = – 3
⇒ h + 1 = -3 ⇒ h – 1 – 3 = -4
∴ h = -4 ଓ k = 1

(iv) (h – k, k – h), (2h, 2k) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-1, 2) ।
\(\frac{h-k+2h}{2}\) = -1 ⇒ 3h – k = -2 ……(i)
ଏବଂ \(\frac{k-h-1}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ 3k – h = 4 …….(ii)

hର ମାନ ସମୀକରଣ (i)ରେ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ କଲେ, 3h – k = -2
⇒ \(\frac{-3}{4}\) – k = -2 = -k = -2 + \(\frac{-3}{4}\) = \(\frac{-8+3}{4}=\frac{-5}{4}\) ⇒ k = \(\frac{5}{4}\)
∴ h = \(\frac{-1}{4}\) ଓ k = \(\frac{5}{4}\)

Question 4.
(0, 0) ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ । ଯଦି ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (2, 3) ହୁଏ, ତେବେ ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁଟିର ସ୍ଥାନଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 0) ଏବଂ ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତ ବିଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (2, 3) ।
ମନେକର ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ।
ପ୍ରଶାନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{x+2}{2}\) = 0 ଏବଂ \(\frac{y+3}{2}\) = 0 ⇒ x = – 2 ଏବଂ y = -3
∴ ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) = (-2, -3)

Question 5.
ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (-2, 4) ଏବଂ (1, 2), ତେବେ ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁଟିର ସ୍ଥାନଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (-2, 4) ଓ (1, 2) ।
ମନେକର ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତ ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ।
ପ୍ରଶାନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{-2+x}{2}\) = 1 ⇒ x = 2 + 2 = 4 ଏବଂ \(\frac{4+ y}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ y = 4 – 4 = 0
∴ ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (4, 0) ।

Question 6.
ଗୋଟିଏ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (3, 5) ଏବଂ (2, 1) ହେଲେ, ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁଟିର ସ୍ଥାନଙ୍କ ସ୍ଥିର କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଗୋଟିଏ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ଏକ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ ଓ ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (3, 5) ଏବଂ (2, 1) |
ମନେକର ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ।
ପ୍ରଶାନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{x+3}{2}\) = 2 ⇒ x = 4 – 3 = 1 ଏବଂ \(\frac{y+5}{2}\) = 1 ⇒ y = 2 – 5 = -3
∴ ଅନ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (1, -3) ।

Question 7.
x ଓ yର କେଉଁ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ (6, -2) ଓ (2, -4) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ସଂଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ ଏବଂ (x, 1) ଓ (-2, y) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ସଂଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡ କରିବେ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଗୋଟିଏ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ PQର ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ P(6, – 2) ଓ Q(2, – 4) ।
ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{6+2}{2}, \frac{-2-4}{2}\)) = (4, -3)
ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ \(\bar{RS}\)ର ପ୍ରାନ୍ତବିନ୍ଦୁ ଦ୍ବୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ R(x, 1) ଓ S(-2, y) ।
RS ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{x+(-2)}{2}, \frac{y+1}{2}\)) ।
PQ ଓ \(\bar{RS}\) ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡ କରିବେ ।
ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ ଦ୍ଵୟର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ଅଭିନ୍ନ ଅଟେ ।
ପ୍ରଶାନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{x+(-2)}{2}\) = 4 ⇒ x = 8 + 2 = 10 ଏବଂ \(\frac{1+y}{2}\) = -3 ⇒ y = – 6 – 1 = -7
∴ x = 10 ଓ y = -7।

Question 8.
(2, 3) ଓ (1, 4) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 3 : 2 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
A (x₁, y₁) ଓ B(x₂,y₂) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟର ସଂଯୋଗକାରୀ ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ \(\bar{AB}\) କୁ m : n ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା
ବିଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) = \(\left(\frac{m x_2+n x_1}{m+n}, \frac{m y_2+n y_1}{m+n}\right)\)
(2, 3) ଓ (1, 4) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 3 : 2 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ହେଉ ।
ଏଠାରେ x₁ = 2, y₁ = 3, x₂ = 1, y₂ = 4; m = 3 ଓ n = 2
x-ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = \(\frac{m x_2+n x_1}{m+n}=\frac{3×1+2×2}{3+2}=\frac{3+4}{5}=\frac{7}{5}\)
y-ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = \(\frac{m y_2+n y_1}{m+n}=\frac{3×4+2×3}{3+2}=\frac{12+6}{5}=\frac{18}{5}\)
∴ (2, 3) ଓ (1, 4) ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 3 : 2 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{7}{5}, \frac{18}{5}\))

Question 9.
(-2, 3) ଓ (5, -7) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 3 : 4 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ମନେକର (-2, 3) ଓ (5, -7) ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ୱୟକୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 3 : 4 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ।
ଏଠାରେ x₁ = -2, y₁ = 3, x₂ = 5, y₂ = -7; m = 3, n = 4 ।
∴ x-ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = \(\frac{m x_2+n x_1}{m+n}=\frac{3×5+4×(-2)}{3+4}=\frac{15-8}{7}=\frac{7}{7}=1\)
y-ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = \(\frac{m y_2+n y_1}{m+n}=\frac{3×(-7)+4(3)}{3+4}=\frac{-21+12}{7}=\frac{-9}{7}\)
∴ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (1, \(\frac{-9}{7}\)) ।

Question 10.
ଯଦି (5, 9) ବିନ୍ଦୁଟି, (7, -3) ଓ (4, k)କୁ ସଂଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 2 : 1 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରେ, ତେବେ kର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
(7, -3) ଓ (4, k) କୁ ଯୋଗକରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ 2 : 1 ଅନୁପାତରେ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁଟି (5, 9) ।
ଏଠାରେ x₁ = 7, y₁ = -3, x₂ = 4, y₂ = k; m = 2, n = 1
y-ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ = \(\frac{m y_2+n y_1}{m+n}=\frac{2k+1(-3)}{2+1}\)
ପ୍ରଶାନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{2k+1(-3)}{2+1}\) = 9 = 2k – 3 = 9 × 3
⇒ 2k = 27 + 3 = 30 ⇒ k = \(\frac{30}{2}\) = 15
∴ kର ମୂଲ୍ୟ 15 ଅଟେ ।

Question 11.
ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଜ୍ୟାମିତି ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, କୌଣସି ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ମଧ୍ଯମାତ୍ରୟ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ମନେକର ABC ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର A, B ଓ C ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A (x₁,y₁), B (x₂, y₂) ଓ C (x₃, y₃) ।
ABC ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ମଧ୍ଯମାତ୍ରୟ AD, BE, CF । BC ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ D।
∴ D ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{x_2+x_3}{2}, \frac{y_2+y_3}{2}\)) ।
ସେହିପରି E ଓ F ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ
E(\(\frac{x_1+x_3}{2}, \frac{y_1+y_3}{2}\)), F(\(\frac{x_1+x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1+y_2}{2}\)) ।

ମଧ୍ୟମାତ୍ରୟର ଛେଦବିନ୍ଦୁ Gକୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ର କୁହାଯାଏ । ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରଠାରେ ମଧ୍ୟମାତ୍ରୟ 2 : 1 ଅନୁପାତରେ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ଅନ୍ତର୍ବିଭକ୍ତ କରନ୍ତି ।

∴ ତିନୋଟି ମଧ୍ଯମାଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଓ ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଅଭିନ୍ନ ଅଟେ । ଏଥୁରୁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଯେ କୌଣସି ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ମଧ୍ଯମାତ୍ରୟ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁଗାମୀ ।

Question 12.
(h, 5), (-4, k) ଓ (8, 9) ବିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ଗଠିତ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-2, 6) ହେଲେ h ଓ kର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ନିରୂପଣ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
(h, 5), (-4, k) 8 (8, 9) ବିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ଗଠିତ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-2, 6) ।
ଏଠାରେ x₁ = h, x₂, = – 4, x₃ = 8, y₁ = 5, y₂ = k, y₃ = 9
ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{x_1+x_3+x_3}{3}, \frac{y_1+y_3+y_3}{3}\)
ପ୍ରଶ୍ନନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{x_1+x_3+x_3}{3}=-2\) ଏବଂ \(\frac{y_1+y_3+y_3}{3}\) = 6
⇒ \(\frac{h-4+8}{3}=-2\) ⇒ \(\frac{5+k+9}{3}=6\)
⇒ h + 4 = -6 ⇒ k + 14 = 18
⇒ h = -6 – 4 =- 10 ⇒ k = 18 – 14 = 4
∴ h = 10 ଓ k = 4 ।

Question 13.
∆ ABCର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (1, 1) । A (3, -4), B (-4, 7) ହେଲେ, C ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନଙ୍କ ସ୍ଥିର କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
∆ ABCର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (1, 1) । A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ A (3, -4) ଓ B(-4, 7) ।
ମନେକର ୯ ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (x, y) ।
ପ୍ରଶ୍ନନୁସାରେ, \(\frac{3+(-4)+x}{3}=1\) ଏବଂ \(\frac{-4+7+y}{3}=1\)
⇒ -1 + x = 3 ⇒ y + 3 = 3
⇒ x = 3 + 1 = 4 ⇒ y = 3 – 3 = 0
∴ C ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ C (4, 0) ।

Question 14.
ଗୋଟିଏ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ମାନ (-4, 1) ଓ (3,-4) ଏବଂ (1, 3) ହେଲେ, ଏହାର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ହେବ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ଗୋଟିଏ ∆ ର ଶୀର୍ଷବିଦୁ୍ୟତ୍ରୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ( 4, 1), (3, -4) ଏବଂ (1, 3) ।
ଏହାର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ x = \(\frac{-4+3+1}{3}=\frac{0}{3}=0\) ଏବଂ y = \(\frac{1-4+3}{3}=\frac{4-4}{3}=0\)
∴ ∆ର ଭରକେନ୍ଦ୍ରର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 0) ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ମୂଳବିନ୍ଦୁ ଅଟେ । (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 15.
A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (1, 2) ଓ (5, -4) । AB ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡ ଉପରେ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ସ୍ଥିର କର, ଯେପରି ବିନ୍ଦୁଟିର A ବିନ୍ଦୁଠାରୁ ଦୂରତା, B ବିନ୍ଦୁଠାରୁ ଦୂରତାର 3 ଗୁଣ ହେବ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
AB ର A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (1, 2) ଓ (5,-4) ।
AB ଉପରେ ଏକ ବିନ୍ଦୁ P ଯେପରି AP = 3 BP ⇒ AP : BP=3 : 1
ଏଠାରେ x₁ = 1, y₁ = 2, x₂ = 5, y₂ = -4; m = 3, n = 1

Question 16.
(1, 5) ଓ (7, 2) ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ବିଦୁ୍ୟଦ୍ୱୟକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ ସମତ୍ରିଖଣ୍ଡ କରୁଥିବା ବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ବୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
AB ର A ଓ B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ (1, 5) ଓ (7, 2) ।
ମନେକର AB କୁ ସମର୍ଦ୍ଦିଖଣ୍ଡ କରୁଥିବା ବିଦୁ୍ୟଦ୍ଵୟ P ଏବଂ Q ।

∴ (1, 5) ଓ (7, 2) ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ବିଦୁ୍ୟତ୍ବକୁ ଯୋଗ କରୁଥିବା ରେଖାଖଣ୍ଡକୁ ସମତ୍ରିଖଣ୍ଡ କରୁଥିବା ବିଦୁ୍ୟଦ୍ୱୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (3, 4) ଏବଂ (5, 3) ।

Question 17.
O(0, 0), A (2a, 0) ଓ B (0, 2b) ହେଲେ ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ OAB ଏକ ସମକୋଣୀ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜ ଏବଂ ଏହାର କର୍ଣ୍ଣର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କଠାରୁ ସମାନ ଦୂରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ।
ସମାଧାନ :
∆ OABର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁ ତ୍ରୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଠ(0, 0), A(2a, 0) ଓ B (0, 2b) ।
A ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (2a, 0) ଏହା x-ଅକ୍ଷ ଉପରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ OA = 2a ଏକକ ।
B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 2b) ଏହା y-ଅକ୍ଷ ଉପରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ OB = 2b ଏକକ !
⇒ କର୍ଣ୍ଣ AB = \(\sqrt{(0-2a)^2 +(2b-0)^2}\) = \(\sqrt{4a^2 +4b^2}\) = 2\(\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}\)

ମନେକର କର୍ପୂର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ P ।
AP = BP = \(\frac{\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}}{2}\) = \(\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}\)
∴ P ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{2a+0}{2}, \frac{0+2b}{2}\)) = (a,b)
∴ OP = \(\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}\)
∴ AP = BP = OP ଏଥରୁ ପ୍ରମାଣିତ ଯେ, କର୍ପୂର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁ P ସମକୋଣୀ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁମାନଙ୍କଠାରୁ ସମଦୂରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ।

Question 18.
ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଜ୍ୟାମିତି ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରମାଣ କର ଯେ, ଏକ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ରର କର୍ଣ୍ଣଦ୍ଵୟ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡ କରନ୍ତି ।
ସମାଧାନ :
ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ଚିତ୍ରରେ OABC ଏକ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ର । ମୂଳବିନ୍ଦୁ Oର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 0) ।
ମନେକର OA = a ∴ A ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (a, 0) ।
C ବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ OA ପ୍ରତି CD ଲମ୍ବ ଅଙ୍କନ କରାଯାଉ ।
ମନେକର CD = b ଏବଂ OD = p ।
∴ C ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (p, b) ଏବଂ B ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (a + p, b) ।
ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ OABC ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ରର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁଗୁଡ଼ିକର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ O (0, 0), A (a, 0), B (a + p, b), C (p, b) ।

∴ କର୍ଣ୍ଣ AC ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{a+p}{2}, \frac{o+b}{2}\)) = (\(\frac{a+p}{2}, \frac{b}{2}\))
କର୍ଣ୍ଣ OBର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{a+p+0}{2}, \frac{b+0}{2}\)) = (\(\frac{a+p}{2}, \frac{b}{2}\))
∴ ସାମାନ୍ତରିକ ଚିତ୍ରର କର୍ଣ୍ଣଦ୍ଵୟର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁରୁ ସ୍ଥାନଙ୍କ ଅଭିନ୍ନ ।
ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ କର୍ଣ୍ଣଦ୍ଵୟ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ସମଦ୍ବିଖଣ୍ଡ କରନ୍ତି । (ପ୍ରମାଣିତ)

Question 19.
ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଜ୍ୟାମିତି ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, ଗୋଟିଏ ଆୟତଚିତ୍ରର କଣ୍ଠଦ୍ଵୟ ସର୍ବସମ ଏବଂ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ
ସମାଧାନ :
ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱସ୍ଥ ଚିତ୍ରରେ OABC ଏକ ଆୟତଚିତ୍ର ।
OABC ଆୟତଚିତ୍ରର ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁ ଚାରୋଟିର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ
O (0, 0), A (0, a), B (a, b), C (0, b) ।

କର୍ଣ୍ଣ AC = \(\sqrt{(0 – a)^2 + (b – 0)^2}\) = \(\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}\)
କର୍ଣ୍ଣ OB = \(\sqrt{(a-0)^2+(b-0)^2}\)= \(\sqrt{a^2 +b^2}\)
∴ AC = OB
କର୍ଣ୍ଣ ACର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{b+0}{2}\)) = (\(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{b}{2}\))
କର୍ଣ୍ଣ OB ର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (\(\frac{a+0}{2}, \frac{b+0}{2}\)) = (\(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{b}{2}\))
∴ OABC ଆୟତଚିତ୍ରର କର୍ଣ୍ଣଦ୍ଵୟ ସର୍ବସମ ଏବଂ ପରସ୍ପରକୁ ସମଦ୍ଵିଖଣ୍ଡ କରନ୍ତି ।

Question 20.
ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱସ୍ଥ ଚିତ୍ରରେ ABC ଏକ ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜ । A ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (a, 0) ହେଲେ,
(i) ଅନ୍ୟ ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁଦ୍ଵୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
(ii) ବାହୁମାନଙ୍କର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
(iii) BE ମଧ୍ଯମାର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।
(iv) G ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କର ।

ସମାଧାନ :
ଦତ୍ତ ଚିତ୍ରରେ ABC ଏକ ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜ । A ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (a, 0) ।
∴ CO ⊥ AB ⇒ ABର ମଧ୍ୟବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 0) ।
ମନେକର \(\frac{a+x}{2}=0\) ⇒ x = -a
\(\frac{0+y}{2}=0\) ⇒ y = 0
∴ Bବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-a, 0) ।

ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ବାହୁର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ (AB)
\(\sqrt{{a-(-a)}^2 +(0-0)^2}\) = √(2a)² = = √4a² = 2a
∴ ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଉଚ୍ଚତା (OC)
= ବାହୁର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ × \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) = 2a × \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) = √3a
∴ C ବିନ୍ଦୁଟି y ଅକ୍ଷ ଉପରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ହେତୁ ଏହାର y ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ 0 ।
C ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, √3a) ।
(i) ସମବାହୁ ତ୍ରିଭୁଜର ଅନ୍ୟ ଶୀର୍ଷବିନ୍ଦୁ ଦ୍ବୟର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ B (-a, 0) ଏବଂ C (0, √3a) ।
(ii) ବାହୁମାନଙ୍କର ଦୈର୍ଘ୍ୟ = 2a
(iii)

(iv)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class English Solutions Chapter 7 The Flower-School Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 10th English Chapter 7 The Flower-School Question Answers BSE Odisha

The Flower-School Class 10 Questions and Answers

H. Let’s Understand The Poem:
Read the poem silently and answer the following questions.
(କବିତାଟିକୁ ନୀରବରେ ପଢ଼ ଓ ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅ ।)

Question 1.
What is the poem about?
(କବିତାଟି କେଉଁ ବିଷୟରେ ଲିଖ୍ ?)
Answer:
The poem is about the flower children.

Question 2.
What rumbles in the sky?
(ଆକାଶରେ କ’ଣ ଘଡ଼ଘଡ଼ିର ପ୍ରଚଣ୍ଡ ଧ୍ବନି ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The storm-clouds rumble in the sky.

Question 3.
What comes marching over the heath?
(ବ୍ୟାପକ ତୃଣ ଅଞ୍ଚଳ ଉପରେ କ’ଣ ମାଡ଼ି ଆସୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The moist (slightly wet) east wind comes marching over the heath.

Question 4.
Which word tells that the east wind is not dry?
(କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦ ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି ଯେ ପୂବେଇ ପବନ ଶୁଖା ନୁହେଁ ?)
Answer:
The word ‘moist’ tells that the east wind is not dry.

Question 5.
How does the moist east wind come?
(ଆର୍ଦ୍ର ପୂବେଇ ପବନ କିଭଳି ଆସେ/ ଆସୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The moist east wind comes marching.

Question 6.
How do the crowds of flowers come out?
(ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଦଳ କିପରି ବାହାରି ଆସୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The crowds of flowers come out suddenly from nowhere.

Question 7.
Where do the flowers dance and how?
(ଫୁଲସବୁ କେଉଁଠାରେ ନାଚୁଛି ଓ କିପରି ?)
Answer:
The flowers dance upon (ନୃତ୍ୟ କରୁଛି) the grass in wild excitement.

Question 8.
Which season is described in the poem ?
(ବର୍ଷସାରା ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଥାଆନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
In the poem, the rainy season is described.

Question 9.
Where are the flowers all year round?
( ବର୍ଷସାରା ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଥାଆନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The flowers are at their school all year round.

Question 10.
Who are the flowers compared to?
(ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ କାହା ସହିତ ତୁଳନା କରାଯାଇଛି ?)
Answer:
The flowers are compared to little children.

Question 11.
How do they do their lessons? Why?
(ସେମାନେ (ଫୁଲସବୁ) କିପରି ସେମାନଙ୍କର ପାଠପଢ଼ା କରନ୍ତି ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
The flowers do their lessons shutting their doors (ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଦ୍ଵାର ବନ୍ଦ କରି). Because this is their school hour and the time to come out hasn’t come yet.

Question 12.
Who does ‘their master’ refer to?
(‘ସେମାନଙ୍କର ମାଲିକ’ କାହାକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
‘Their master’ refers to their teacher.

Question 13.
Their master is strict or lenient? Which line in the poem tells us so?
( ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଗୁରୁ ବା ଶିକ୍ଷକ କଠୋର ବା ସରଳ ? କବିତାରେ କେଉଁ ଧାଡ଼ି ଏହା ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି ?)
Answer:
Their master is strict. The line in the poem telling us so is, “Their master makes them stand in a corner”.

Question 14.
When are they made to stand in a corner?
(ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ (ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ) କେତେବେଳେ ଗୋଟିଏ କଣରେ ଠିଆ କରାଇ ଦିଆଯାଏ ?)
Answer:
They are made to stand in a comer when they play before school is over.

Question 15.
When do the flowers have their holidays?
(ଫୁଲସବୁ କେତେବେଳେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଛୁଟିଦିନ ପାଆନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
When the rains come, the flowers have their holidays.

Question 16.
What changes take place in nature when the rain comes?
(ଯେତେବେଳେ ବର୍ଷା ଆସେ ପ୍ରକୃତିରେ କେଉଁସବୁ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ହୋଇଥାଏ ?)
Answer:
When the rain comes, branches clash together in the forest, the thunderclouds clap their giant hands, and the leaves rustle in the wild wind.

Question 17.
How do the flower children enjoy their holidays?
(ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନେ କିପରି ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଛୁଟି ଉପଭୋଗ କରନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The flower children enjoy their holidays by coming out in the rain dressed (ବର୍ଷା) in pink, yellow, and white.

Question 18.
Who is the speaker sharing his thoughts with?
(କବି କାହା ସହିତ ନିଜର ଭାବନା ବାଣ୍ଟିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The speaker is sharing his thoughts with his mother.

Question 19.
Where is the home of the flower children?
(ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କର ଘର କେଉଁଠାରେ ?)
Answer:
The home of the flower children is in the sky.

Question 20.
Why are they eager to go to the sky ?
(ସେମାନେ (ଫୁଲସବୁ) କାହିଁକି ଆକାଶକୁ ଯିବା ପାଇଁ ଉତ୍ସୁକ/ବ୍ୟାକୁଳ ?)
Answer:
They are eager (ଉତ୍ସୁକ/ବ୍ୟାକୁଳ) to go to the sky as their mother in the sky calls them.

Question 21.
What does the speaker guess?
(ବକ୍ତା କ’ଣ ଅନୁମାନ କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The speaker guesses to whom the flower children are raising their arms.

Question 22.
Why are the flower children raising their arms?
(ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନେ କାହିଁକି ସେମାନଙ୍କର ହାତ ଉଠାଉଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The flower children are raising (ଟେକୁଛନ୍ତି) their arms (ହାତ) to their mother living in the sky to embrace them (ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ କୋଳେଇ ନେବାପାଇଁ).

Question 23.
Why are they in a hurry?
(ସେମାନେ କାହିଁକି ଏତେ ଚଞ୍ଚଳ/ବ୍ୟଗ୍ର ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
They are in a hurry as their mother in the sky calls them.

Question 24.
Which line tells that the speaker also longs for his mother?
(କବିତାରେ କେଉଁ ଧାଡ଼ି ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି ଯେ ବକ୍ତା ମଧ୍ୟ ତାଙ୍କ ମାଆଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ଯିବାକୁ ବ୍ୟାକୁଳ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The line that tells that the speaker also longs for (wishes) his mother is “they have their mother as I have my own”.

I. Let’s Appreciate The Poem:
(A)
Question 1.
Why do you think the flowers dance upon the grass in wild glee?
(ତୁମେ କାହିଁକି ଭାବୁଛ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଘାସ ଉପରେ ପ୍ରବଳ ଉତ୍ତେଜନାରେ ନାଚୁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
I think the flowers dance upon the gears that come down with them. During storms, branches clash together in the forest and the leaves rustle in the wild wind. The moist east wind comes marching over the uncultivated land also.

Question 2.
Do you think the speaker feels that holidays are funnier than school days?
(ତୁମେ ଭାବୁଛ କି ସ୍କୁଲ ଦିନ ଅପେକ୍ଷା ଛୁଟିଦିନସବୁ ଅଧ୍ବକ କୌତୂହଳପ୍ରଦ ବୋଲି ବକ୍ତା ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
Yes, I think so.

Question 3.
Why does the speaker think that the flowers go to school underground?
(ବକ୍ତା କାହିଁକି ଭାବୁଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଭୂପୃଷ୍ଠ ତଳେ ଥ‌ିବା ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟକୁ ଯାଆନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The speaker thinks that the flowers go to school underground as he notices them only when the monsoon rain comes and he does not notice the flowers anywhere in other seasons. So he thinks they must have been in school underground all year round.

Question 4.
How does the speaker describe the storm?
(ବକ୍ତା କିଭଳି ଝଡ଼କୁ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
According to the speaker the storm-clouds rumble (make a long deep sound) as if they clap their giant hands and showers come down with them. During storms, branches clash together in the forest and the leaves rustle in the wild wind. The moist east wind comes marching over the uncultivated land also.

Question 5.
Do you think that the speaker’s description of the flowers and their school has any reality in real life?
ତୁମେ କ’ଣ ଭାବୁଛ ବକ୍ତାଙ୍କର ଫୁଲ ଓ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ସମ୍ପର୍କିତ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାର ଜୀବନର ବାସ୍ତବତା ସହ କିଛି ସମ୍ପର୍କ ଅଛି ?)
Answer:
Yes, I think that the speaker’s description of the flowers and their school has a reality in real life.

Question 6.
Which elements of nature celebrate holidays with the flower children and how?
(ପ୍ରକୃତିର କେଉଁସବୁ ଉପାଦାନ ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କ ସହିତ ଛୁଟି ପାଳନ କରୁଛନ୍ତି ଓ କିପରି ?)
Answer:
Elements of nature like (ପରି) branches of trees in the forest, their leaves, and thunderclouds celebrate holidays with the flower children. With the blowing of wild wind, branches clash together in the forest and leaves make rustling sounds, and the thunderclouds rumble as if they clap with their big hands. In this way, they celebrate their holiday.

Question 7.
Identify the lines and phrases in the poem which indicate that the flower children have a strict system of schooling.
(କବିତାରେ ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କର କଠୋର ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ଥ‌ିବା କଥା ସୂଚିତ କରୁଥିବା ଧାଡ଼ି ଓ ବାକ୍ୟାଶଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଚିହ୍ନିତ କର ।)
Answer:
The lines and phrases in the poem which indicate that the flower children have a strict system of schooling are: “They do their lessons with doors shut, and if they want to come out to play before it is time, their master makes them stand in a comer. ”

(B)
Question 1.
The poet presents a lively description of nature during the monsoon
showers in June. The objects of nature seem to behave like human beings. Such a device in poetry is known as personification. (କବି ଜୁନ୍ ମାସର ମୌସୁମୀ ବର୍ଷା ସମୟର ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଏକ ଜୀବନ୍ତ ବିବରଣୀ ଉପସ୍ଥାପିତ କରିଛନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରକୃତିର ପଦାର୍ଥଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଭଳି ବ୍ୟବହାର କରୁଥ‌ିବାର ଜଣାଯାଉଛି । କବିତାରେ ଏଭଳି ଅଳଙ୍କାର କୁ personification ବା ‘ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିତ୍ବ ଆରୋପଣ’ କୁହାଯାଏ ।)
Personification is a device in which a thing or an idea or an animal is given human qualities and described as a living thing. (Personification ବା ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିତ୍ବ ଆରୋପଣ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ଅଳଙ୍କାର ଯେଉଁଥରେ ଏକ ପଦାର୍ଥ ବା ଏକ ଧାରଣା କିମ୍ବା ଏକ ପ୍ରାଣୀ ମାନବୀୟ ଗୁଣାବଳୀ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ହୋଇଥାଏ ଏବଂ ଏକ ଜୀବନ୍ତ ପଦାର୍ଥ ଭଳି ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରାଯାଇଥାଏ ।)
Pick out as many such examples as you can from the poem. One is done for you.
(ତୁମେ କବିତା ଯେତେ ପାରୁଛ ସେହିଭଳି ଉଦାହରଣ ବାହାର କର । ଗୋଟିଏ ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କରିଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)
Answer:

• Storm clouds rumble in the sky.
• June showers come down.
• The moist east wind comes marching.
• Crowds of flowers come out and dance upon the grass in wild glee.
• Branches clash together in the forest.
• The leaves rustle in the wild wind.
• The thunderclouds clap their giant hands.
• The flower children rush out in dresses of pink and yellow and white.

Question 2.
Poets use words and pictures to bring out comparisons between persons, ideas or objects with similar quality or appearance. (ସମାନ ଗୁଣ ବା ଚେହେରା ଥ‌ିବା ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି, ଧାରଣା ବା ପଦାର୍ଥଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତୁଳନା କରିବା ପାଇଁ କବିମାନେ ଶବ୍ଦ ଛବି ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିଥା’ନ୍ତି ।)
What are the things below compared to in the poem you just read?
(ତୁମେ ଏବେ ପଢ଼ିଥିବା କବିତାରେ ନିମ୍ନଲିଖୁ ଜିନିଷଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ କାହା ସହ ତୁଳନା କରାଯାଇଛି ?)
One is done for you.(ଗୋଟିଏ ତୁମପାଇଁ କରି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)

• the bamboo — bagpipes
• the flowers —
• the underground —
• the rains —
• pink, yellow and white —
• the sky —
• the stars —

Answer.
the bamboo — bagpipes
the flowers — children
the underground — the flower-school
the rains — living animals
pink, yellow and white — colorful dresses
the sky — a living place like the earth
the stars — flower’s mothers

Question 3.
The theme of a poem is the main idea of the poem. The theme may not always be stated, but can be hinted at indirectly. Which of the following ideas supports the theme of ‘The Flower — School’? Tick your choice.
(କବିତାର ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ ହେଉଛି କବିତାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଧାରଣାସମୂହ । ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ ସର୍ବଦା ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ ହୋଇନଥାଏ, ମାତ୍ର ପରୋକ୍ଷରେ ସୂଚିତ କରାଯାଇଥାଏ । ‘The Flower – School’ ବା ‘ଫୁଲ-ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ’ର ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁକୁ ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ କେଉଁ ଧାରଣା ସମୂହ ସମର୍ଥନ କରୁଛି ।)

• love for wildlife
• appreciation of nature
• praise of God
• featuring imagination of a flower school
• dislike for the strict school system
• lauding the schoolmaster
• longing for the mother

Answer:

• appreciation of nature
• praise of God
• lauding the schoolmaster

Question 4.
The poet’s longing for his deceased mother creates _______ in the reader’s mind.
(କବିଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ନିଜର ମୃତ ମାଆଙ୍କୁ ସ୍ମରଣ ପାଠକଙ୍କ ମନରେ ______________ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଛି ।)
(a) pity (b) panic
(c) pathos (d) pride
Answer:
(c) pathos (ପାଥୋସ୍)

J. Let’s Do The Activities:

Role-play
The students play the roles of ‘Small Boy’ and ‘Flower Child’ in pair and practise the dialogue naturally. They are to be invited to the front of the class to play the role. They change their role after the first round. (ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନେ ଦୁଇଜଣିଆ ଦଳ ହୋଇ ‘ଛୋଟ ବାଳକ’ ଏବଂ ‘ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲା’ ଭୂମିକାରେ ଅଭିନୟ କରିବେ ଏବଂ ସଂଳାପଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସ୍ଵାଭାବିକ ଭାବେ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରିବେ । ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅଭିନୟ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟର ଆଗ ବେଞ୍ଚକୁ ଡକାଯିବ । ପ୍ରଥମ ରାଉଣ୍ଡ ପରେ ସେମାନେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଭୂମିକା ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରିବେ ।)

Small Boy        : Flower Child. Flower Child, where are you going?
Flower Child    : I’m going to school.
Small Boy        : School! You’re going to school! Which school do you go to?
Flower Child    :I go to school underground.
Small Boy        : Really? Who teaches you there?
Flower Child    : Our master.
Small Boy        : Nice. Does anybody disturb you there?
Flower Child    : No, not at all. We do our lessons with doors shut.
Small Boy        : How is your master?
Flower Child    : He’s very strict. He makes us stand in a corner when we play before school is over.
Small Boy        : Thank God. Do you always study? Don’t you have any holidays to enjoy?
Flower Child    : Of course. We have. We have holidays when the rains come.
Small Boy        : What do you do then?
Flower Child    : We wearcoIourfu1 dresses and come out to enjoy the beautiful nature.
Small Boy        : Where is your home?
Flower Child    : It is in the sky. My mother lives there. I am eager to go there.
Small Boy        : Oh really? My mother also lives there.

Question 2.
Listen and Correct:
The teacher reads aloud the following sentences with some intentional factual errors. The students listen and correct them saying: “Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is ___________ not, but it is _____________.”
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟମୂଳକ ଭାବେ ତଥ୍ୟଗତ ତୁଟି ସମ୍ବଳିତ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଉଚ୍ଚ ସ୍ୱରରେ ପଢ଼ିବେ । ପିଲାମାନେ ତାହାକୁ ଶୁଣିବେ ଏବଂ ସଂଶୋଧନ କରି କହିବେ ।)
Sentences (with errors):
(i) When the storm clouds rumble on the earth, June showers come down.
(ii) The moist west wind comes marching over the heath.
(iii) The wind blows the bagpipes among the pine trees.
(iv) The crowds of flowers dance upon the bamboos in a very excited way.
(v) The flowers go to school on the top of a hill.
(vi) The flower children do their lessons with their classroom doors open.
(vii) Their teacher makes them stand under a tree.
(viii) They have their holidays at the advent of summer.
(ix) Their home is in the sea.
(x) The flowers are eager to go to their school.
Answer:
(i) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘the storm clouds rumble on the earth’, but it is ‘the storm clouds rumble in the sky’.
(ii) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘the moist west wind comes marching’, but it is ‘the moist east wind comes marching’.
(iii) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘the pine trees’, but it is ‘the bamboos’.
(iv) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘the bamboos’, but it is ‘the grass’.
(v) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘on the top of a hill’, but it is ‘underground’.
(vi) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘classroom doors open’, but it is ‘classroom doors shut’.
(vii) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘stand under a tree’, but it is ‘stand in a comer’.
(viii) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘at the advent of summer’, but it is ‘at the advent of rain’.
(ix) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘in the sea’, but it is ‘in the sky’.
(x) Excuse me, Sir/Ma’m. I think it is not ‘go to their school’, but it is ‘go to their home’.

Question 3.
Writing
1. Given below is the summary of the poem “The Flower-School”. Fill in the blanks with suitable words to complete the summary. You may take the help of the “HELP BOX” given below. (ନିମ୍ନରେ “The Flower-School” ବା ‘ଫୁଲ-ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ’ର ସାରାଂଶ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି । ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନରେ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ଶବ୍ଦ ପୂରଣ କରି ସାରାଂଶକୁ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କର । ତୁମେ ନିମ୍ନରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ‘HELP BOX’ ବା ‘ସହାୟକ ବାକ୍ସ’ର ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ନେଇପାର ।)

After the first shower of June, “hen the (a) _________ wind approaches blowing its (b) _________ to herald the advance of (c) ___________, the (d) _________ bloom and (e) ________ upon the grass in (f) ________ happiness. The poet thinks that before the arrival of spring, the flowers go to a school (g) ____________ and learn their lesson. They have their holidays only when it rains and they come out rushing in colorful dresses. The sky is their home towards which they raise their (h) _________ because their (i) _________ lives there and they are always in a (j) _______ to go home.

HELP BOX

mother     arms              hurry                 great        underground east          bagpipes       flowers            rain           dance

Answer:
After the first shower of June, when the (a) east wind approaches blowing its (b) bagpipes to herald (ଘୋଷଣା କରିବା ପାଇଁ) the advance of (c) rain, the (d) flowers bloom and (e) dance upon the grass in (f) great happiness. The poet thinks that before the arrival of spring, the flowers go to a school (g) underground and learn their lesson. They have their holidays only when it rains and they come out rushing in colorful dresses. The sky is their home towards which they raise their (h) arms because their (i) mother lives there and they are always in a (j) hurry (ତରବର) to go home.

Question 2.
Imagine that you are a child of the Flower-School. Write a letter to your mother describing your experience and feelings in your school. You may begin your letter as follows : (ମନେକର ତୁମେ Flower-Schoolର ଜଣେ ଶିଶୁ । ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ତୁମର ଅଭିଜ୍ଞତା ଓ ଅନୁଭୂତିକୁ ବର୍ଣନା କରି ମା’ଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଚିଠି ଲେଖ । ତୁମେ ତୁମର ଚିଠି ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାରେ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିପାର )

Flower School Date_______ Dear Mother, How are you? You’ll be glad to know that I go to school every day. Do you know how and where our school is? The school is situated under-ground. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________We make a lot of fun. But our class teacher is _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ I am looking forward to the holidays. I miss you a lot, Mom.                                                                                                                                                              Yours lovingly, (Name)

Answer:

Flower School
Date: 3rd June 2020

Dear Mother,

How are you? You’ll be glad to know that I go to school every day. Do you know how and where our school is? The school is situated underground (ଭୂତଳ). We do our lessons here. We make a lot of fun. But our class teacher is very strict ( ଅତି କଠୋର ). When we play before school is over, he makes us stand in a corner. When rains come. we enjoy our holidays a lot. We came out dressed in pink and yellow and white and joyfully dance up the grass. But, mother I long for you and am eager to go home.
lam looking forward to the holidays.
I miss you a lot, Mom.

Yours lovingly,
Pinky.

BSE Odisha 10th Class English The Flower-School Important Questions and Answers

Very Short & Objective Questions With Answers
Answer The Following Questions In A Word Or A Phrase.

Question 1.
Where do the storm-clouds rumble?
Answer:
in the sky

Question 2.
What showers come down with the storm clouds?
Answer:
June showers

Question 3.
Who blows bagpipes?
Answer:
the moist east wind

Question 4.
Where does it blow its bagpipes?
Answer:
among the bamboos

Question 5.
Where do the crowds of flowers dance?
Answer:
upon the grass

Question 6.
Whom does the wet east wind march over?
Answer:
the heath

Question 7.
Where is the school the flower go to?
Answer:
underground

Question 8.
How do flowers do their lessons?
Answer:
shutting their doors

Question 9.
Who makes the flowers stand in a corner?
Answer:
their master

Question 10.
When do the flowers have their holidays?
Answer:
with the coming of rains

Question 11.
What do branches do in the forest?
Answer:
clash (hit) together

Question 12.
What rustles in the wild wind?
Answer:
the leaves of the trees

Question 13.
Who claps their giant hands?
Answer:
the thunder-clouds

Question 14.
Where is the home of flower children?
Answer:
in the sky

Question 15.
How do flower children raise their hands?
Answer:
eagerly (ବ୍ୟାକୁଳ ଭାବରେ)

Fill In The Blanks With Right Words.

1. “The Flower School” is written by ____________.
Answer:
Rabindranath Tagore

2. ____________ bring rain in June.
Answer:
Storm-clouds

3. The moist east wind marches over ____________.
Answer:
the heath

4. ____________ blows its bagpipes.
Answer:
The moist east wind

5. The moist east wind blows its bagpipes among ____________.
Answer:
the bamboos

6. The moist east wind blows its bagpipes by ____________.
Answer:
blowing hard like the sound flowing from bagpipes

7. When the rains come, ____________ come out suddenly.
Answer:
crowds of flowers

8. In the phrase “crowds of flowers”, the word ‘crowds’ means ____________.
Answer:
a large number of

9. “Crowds of flowers come out.” Here ‘come out’ means ____________.
Answer:
bloom or appear

10. Crowds of flowers come out of ____________.
Answer:
from unknown places

11. Crowds of flowers dance upon ____________.
Answer:
the grass

12. Crowds of flowers dance upon the grass in ____________.
Answer:
wild glee

13. The flowers go to school ____________.
Answer:
underground

14. The flowers of their lessons ____________.
Answer:
with doors shut

15. The actual master of the flowers is ____________.
Answer:
God

Multiple Choice Questions(Mcqs) With Answers
Pick out the correct alternative.

Question 1.
‘’The wind comes marching”, What is the figure of speech used?
(A) Simile
(B) Metaphor
(C) Personification
(D) Alliteration
Answer:
(C) Personification

Question 2.
What do the flowers do in their holidays?
(A) They blossom
(B) They wither away
(C) They remain under the cover of the earth
(D) They become fragrant
Answer:
(A) They blossom

Question 3.
Who is the poet of the poem ‘The flower school’?
(A) Rudyard Kipling
(B) Humayun Kabir
(C) R.L. Stevenson
(D) Rabindranath Tagore
Answer:
(D) Rabindranath Tagore

Question 4.
Fill-in-the-Blank
The meaning of the word Rumble is ____________.
(A) a musical sound
(B) a loud resonating sound
(C) very high sound
(D) great excitement
Answer:
(B) a loud resonating sound

Question 5.
What is one word for ‘A large open area’
(A) Hall
(B) Heath
(C) Expanse
(D) Area
Answer:
(B) Heath

Question 6.
Which one below is an example of Alliteration in the poem The flower school?
(A) Bagpipes-Bamboos
(B) Storm-Sky
(C) Grass-Glee
(D) Thunder-Clouds
Answer:
(A) Bagpipes-Bamboos

Question 7.
What is the meaning of Glee?
(A) Surprised
(B) Excitement
(C) Restless
(D) Happiness
Answer:
(B) Excitement

Question 8.
‘They do their lessons with doors shut’ Who does ‘They’ refer to?
(A) Trees
(B) Clouds
(C) Leaves
(D) Flowers
Answer:
(D) Flowers

Question 9.
What is something the Crowd of Flowers does not do?
(A) clap their giant hands
(B) come out of a sudden
(C) do their lessons with doors shut
(D) dance upon the grass in wild glee
Answer:
(A) clap their giant hands

Question 10.
Who is the narrator of the poem “The flower school”
(A) Mother
(B) Father
(C) Brother
(D) Child
Answer:
(D) Child

Question 11.
From where do the children come out from
(A) Home
(B) Mud
(C) School underground
(D) ‘Vessel
(C) School underground

Question 12.
Which season is referred in the poem?
(A) Summer
(B) Winter
(C) Autumn
(D) Monsoon
Answer:
(D) Monsoon

Question 13.
What happens when the Monsoon arrives?
(A) The flower children die
(B) The flower children start eating food
(C) The flower children get their holidays
(D) The flower children take a bath
Answer:
(C) The flower children get their holidays

Question 14.
According to you who is the master of the Flower children?
(A) mother
(B) poet
(C) nature
(D) birds
Answer:
(C) nature

Question 15.
Synonym of the world ‘close’
(A) open
(B) together
(C) snow
(D) shut
Answer:
(B) together

Question 16.
What represents the mother in the poem?
(A) Mother nature
(B) Rabindranath Tagore
(C) School
(D) sky
Answer:
(D) sky

Question 17.
Which elements celebrate holidays with the flower children
(A) branches, leaves, and thunderclouds
(B) Thunder clouds, rigs, mud
(C) branches, twigs, leaves
(D) thunder clouds, twigs, mud
Answer:
(A) branches, leaves, and thunderclouds

The Flower-School Summary in English

Lead-In:
In this poem the speaker is excitedly (ପ୍ରବଳ ଆଗ୍ରହର ସହିତ) watching the monsoon rain (ମୌସୁମୀ ବର୍ଷା) and noticing (ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କରୁଛନ୍ତି) small flowers that have bloomed (g© ©09) all over the place. He wonders (ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ ପ୍ରକଟ କରିଛନ୍ତି) where they had been all the year round. He imagines (ଚିନ୍ତା|ଅନୁଭବ କରିଛନ୍ତି) they must have been in school just like him. The speaker wonders why the pretty flowers (ସୁନ୍ଦର ଫୁଲସବୁ) are so eager (ଉତ୍ସୁକ) to come out and play. He concludes (ଶେଷରେ ମତପ୍ରକାଶ କରିଛନ୍ତି) that they too need the warmth and love of their mother.

Stanzawise Explanation:
Stanza 1 (Lines 1 to 7)
When storm-clouds rumble in the sky and June showers
come down,
The moist east wind comes marching over the
heath to blow its bagpipes among the bamboo.
Then crowds of flowers come out of a sudden,
from nobody knows where, and dance upon
the grass in wild glee.

Gist: When storm clouds make a series of rumbling sounds in the sky and the heavy rain in June showers down, the soggy (wet) east wind blows over the large flat uncultivated areas with little shrubs as if blowing its bagpipes among the bamboo. All of a sudden plenty of flowers come out invisible and dance upon the grass in great delight or thrill.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଯେତେବେଳେ ଆକାଶରେ ଝଡ଼ଜନିତ ବାଦଲ ଘଡ଼ଘଡ଼ି ଶବ୍ଦ କରେ ଓ ଜୁନ୍ ମାସର ବର୍ଷା ବର୍ଷ ଉଠେ, ଆର୍ଦ୍ରତାପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ପୂବେଇ ପବନ ଗୁଳ୍ମପୂର୍ଣ ବ୍ୟାପକ ପତିତ ଜମି ଉପରେ ବାଉଁଶ ବୃକ୍ଷ ମଧ୍ଯରେ ଭେରୀ ବଜାଇବାପାଇଁ ପ୍ରବାହିତ ହୋଇଆସେ । ହଠାତ୍ କେଉଁ ଅଜଣା ବା ଅଦୃଶ୍ୟ ସ୍ଥାନରୁ ଫୁଲସବୁ ଫୁଟି ବାହାରି ଆସନ୍ତି ଓ ଅତି ଆନନ୍ଦ ଓ ରୋମାଞ୍ଚରେ ସବୁଜ ଘାସ ଉପରେ ନୃତ୍ୟ କରନ୍ତି ।

Stanza 2 (Lines 8 to 13)
Mother, I really think the flowers go to school
underground.
They do their lessons with doors shut, and if
they want to come out to play before it is time,
their master makes them stand in a corner.
When the rains come they have their holidays.

Gist: The poet addresses or calls his mother and tells her that these flowers go to school underground. The flowers shutting (closing) the doors, do their lessons. Like little children at school, their master makes them stand in a corner if the flowers wish to come out to play in the gentle breeze before time. With the onset (beginning) of rain, these flowers enjoy their holidays.
ଅନୁବାଦ : କବି ଏହି ସମୟରେ ତାଙ୍କ ମାଆଙ୍କୁ ଡାକିଛନ୍ତି ଓ ସେ ତାଙ୍କୁ (ନିଜ ମା’ଙ୍କୁ) କହିଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ଏହି ଫୁଲସବୁ ଭୂପୃଷ୍ଠ ନିମ୍ନରେ ଥ‌ିବା ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟକୁ ଯା’ନ୍ତି । ଫୁଲସବୁ ଦ୍ୱାର ବନ୍ଦ କରି ଭିତରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପାଠ ପଢ଼ନ୍ତି । ଯଦି ସେମାନେ ସମୟ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ବାହାରକୁ ଆସି ମୁକ୍ତ ପବନରେ ଖେଳିବାକୁ ଚାହାନ୍ତି, ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଶିକ୍ଷକ (ମାଲିକ) ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଗୋଟିଏ କୋଣରେ ଠିଆ କରାଇ ଦିଅନ୍ତି । ବର୍ଷା ଆସିବାମାତ୍ରେ ଏହି ଫୁଲସବୁ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଛୁଟି ସମୟକୁ ଖୁବ୍ ଉପଭୋଗ କରନ୍ତି ।

Stanza3. (Lines 14 to 17)
Branches clash together in the forest and the
leaves rustle in the wild wind, the thunder-clouds
clap their giant hands and the flower children
rush Out in dresses of pink and yellow and white.

Gist: Branches of trees strike hard with one another in the forest. The leaves rustle in the hard wind. With this, the thunder-clouds appear to clap their huge hands and the flower children come out quickly as if dressed in pink, yellow, and white colors.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ବୃକ୍ଷଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଡାଳ ବର୍ଷାରେ ଜଙ୍ଗଲରେ ପରସ୍ପର ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଘର୍ଷଣ ହୋଇ ବାଡ଼େଇ ହୁଏ । ପ୍ରଚଣ୍ଡ ପବନରେ ପତ୍ରସବୁ ଖସ୍ଖସ୍ ହୁଏ । ଏଥ୍ ସହିତ ଘଡ଼ଘଡ଼ି ନାଦ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ବାଦଲଖଣ୍ଡଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ବିଶାଳ ହାତରେ ତାଳି ମାରୁଥିବାର ପ୍ରତୀୟମାନ ହୁଏ । ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନେ ଗୋଲାପୀ, ହଳଦିଆ ଓ ଧବଳ ରଙ୍ଗର ପୋଷାକ ପରିଧାନ କରି ଶୀଘ୍ର ବାହାରି ଆସନ୍ତି ।

Stanza 4 (Lines 18 to 23)
Do you know, Mother, their home is in the sky,
where the stars are?
Haven’t you seen how eager they are to get there?
Don’t you know why they are in such a hurry?
Of course, I can guess to whom they raise their arms;
they have their mother as I have my own.

Gist: The narrator asks his mother if she knows that the home of these flower children is in the star-studded sky. He asks his mother if she can’t see how eagerly they wish to return to the sky. Certainly, he (the poet or the narrator) can guess that these flower children are raising their arms to their mother living in the sky, their mother as he (the poet) himself does.
ଅନୁବାଦ : କବି ତାଙ୍କ ମା’ଙ୍କୁ ପଚାରିଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ସେ କ’ଣ ଜାଣନ୍ତି ଯେ ଏହି ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କର ଘର ହେଉଛି ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର ବା ତାରାଖଚିତ ଆକାଶ । ସେ ପୁନଶ୍ଚ ତାଙ୍କ ମା’ଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ କରିଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ସେ (ତାଙ୍କ ମା’) କ’ଣ ଜାଣିପାରୁ ନାହାନ୍ତି ଏହି ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନେ କିଭଳି ଆକାଶକୁ ଫେରିଯିବାକୁ ଏତେ ବ୍ୟଗ୍ର ବା ଉତ୍ସୁକ । ପ୍ରକୃତରେ କବି ଅନୁମାନ କରିପାରୁଛନ୍ତି ଯେ ସେ ଯେପରି ନିଜ ମା’ଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ଯିବା ପାଇଁ ନିଜ ହାତ ଦୁଇଟି ବଢ଼ାଇ ଦିଅନ୍ତି, ଠିକ୍ ସେଇଭଳି ଏହି ଫୁଲରୂପୀ ପିଲାମାନେ ଏବେ ଆକାଶରେ ଥ‌ିବା ସେମାନଙ୍କ ମା’ ଆଡ଼କୁ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ହାତ ଉଠାଇ ଦେଇଛନ୍ତି ।

About The Poet:
Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) was born in Kolkata on 7th May 1861. He was a great poet, painter, patriot (ଦେଶପ୍ରେମୀ), playwright (ନାଟ୍ୟକାର), novelist (ଔପନ୍ୟାସିକ), storyteller, philosopher and educationist (ଶିକ୍ଷାବିତ୍). The common theme (ସାଧାରଣ ଥିମ୍ |) in his writing is nature. Nature left a deep-seated impression (ଗଭୀର ଆସନ) on him. He was enchanted (ବିମୋହିତ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ୁଥିଲେ) by nature. It inculcated (ଭର୍ତ୍ତି କରିଥିଲା) a sense of freedom in him. It is also the inner voice (ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ୱର) of his poetry. He became the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems, “Gitanjali”. He is also well known for his contribution (ଅବଦାନ) to art and music.

Notes And Glossary:
rumble — make series of loud sounds (ଉଚ୍ଚ ସ୍ବରରେ ଗର୍ଜନ କରେ)
showers — rainfall lasting for a short time (କ୍ଷଣସ୍ଥାୟୀ ବର୍ଷା)
moist — slightly wet (ସାମାନ୍ୟ ଆର୍ଦ୍ର)
heath — large open uncultivated land
with shrub (ଗୁଳ୍ମପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବିଶାଳ ଅଣକର୍ଷିତ ଭୂମି)
bagpipes — a musical tool (ବିଶାଳ ଭେରୀ)
in wild glee — in great excitement (ଅତି ଉତ୍ତେଜନା ବା ପ୍ରବଳ ଆନନ୍ଦରେ)
master — here, the teacher (ଶିକ୍ଷକ ବା ମାଲିକ)
clash — strike or hit against one another (ବାଡ଼େଇ ହୁଏ)
rustle — make sounds of blowing (ଖସ୍‌ଖସ୍ ହୁଏ (ପତ୍ରସବୁ))
giant — very large (ବିଶାଳ)
of course — certainly (ନିଶ୍ଚିତରୂପେ ବା ଅବଶ୍ୟ )
thunder-clouds clap — clapping of thunder clouds (ଘଡ଼ଘଡ଼ିର ଧ୍ଵନି)

BSE Odisha 10th Class English Detailed Text:

• All Things Bright and Beautiful Question Answer
• A letter to God Question Answer
• The Solitary Reaper Question Answer
• At the High School Question Answer
• Village Song Question Answer
• Festivals of North-East India Question Answer
• The Flower-School Question Answer
• Air Pollution: A Hidden Menace Question Answer
• From the Formalin Jar Question Answer
• School’s Goodbye Question Answer

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class English Solutions Chapter 3 The Solitary Reaper Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 10th English Chapter 3 The Solitary Reaper Question Answers BSE Odisha

The Solitary Reaper Class 10 Questions and Answers

G. Let’s Understand The Poem:

Answer the following questions orally. You may refer to the text with your word knowledge to locate the facts/information required.
ଭାବେ ଦିଅ । ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ତଥ୍ୟ ଚିହ୍ନଟ ବା ନିରୂପଣ ନିମନ୍ତେ ତୁମେ ତୁମ ଶବ୍ଦଜ୍ଞାନ ସହିତ ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟର ମଧ୍ୟ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ନେଇପାର ।)

Question 1.
What is the central idea ((ମୁଖ୍ୟଶ ବା ସାରକଥା)of the poem? (Tick the correct answer.)
(a) Reapers can sing like birds.
(b) Sweet music appeals (ମଧୁର ସଙ୍ଗୀତ) to all.
(c) Beautiful experiences have long-lasting effects.
(d) Rich harvest (ଭଲ ଫସଲ | ଅମଳ) makes the reaper happy.
Answer:
(b) Sweet music appeals to all.

Question 2.
The setting (background — ପୃଷ୍ଠଭୂମି) of the poem is ________
(a) the Arabian deserts
(b) the British Isles
(c) the Hebrides Islands
(d) the mountain regions of Scotland
Answer:
(d) the mountain regions of Scotland

Question 3.
Who are the people described in the poem?
( କବିତାରେ କେଉଁ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିବିଶେଷଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରାଯାଇଛି ?)
Answer:
In the poem the people passing by the poet (କବିଙ୍କ ପାଖ ଦେଇ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରୁଥିବା କବି ଡ) are described.

Question 4.
Who does the expression “Highland Lass” refer to? Why does he describe her as “Yon solitary Highland Lass”?
(“Highland Lass” a mizig qo କରୁଛି ? ସେ (କବି) କାହିଁକି ତାକୁ (ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିକୁ) “Yon solitary Highland Lass” ବୋଲି ଅଭିହିତ କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The expression “Highland Lass (maiden — ବାଳିକା)” refers to (implies -ସୂଚିତ କରେ |) the solitary reaper. He (the poet) describes her ((he girl or the reaper) as “Yon solitary Highland Lass” because she is all alone in the mountain regions.

Question 5.
What is the girl doing?
(ଝିଅଟି କ’ଣ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The girl is singing by herself (alone — ଏକାକୀ) while reaping the grain.

Question 6.
Who does the poet say “Stop here or gently pass’? Why does he say so?
(କବି କାହାକୁ କହିଛନ୍ତି “Stop here or gently pass” ? ସେ ଏହା କାହିଁକି କହିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The poet says to the passers-by (ବାଟୋଇ ବା ପଥଚାରୀ) “Stop here or gently pass”. He says so to enjoy the reaper’s sweet song thoroughly.

Question 7.
Pick out the words which tell that the girl does not have anyone by her side.
(କବିତାରୁ ସେହି ଶବ୍ଦସମୂହ ବାଛ ଯାହା ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି ଯେ ଝିଅଟି ପାଖରେ ଆଉ କେହି ନାହାନ୍ତି ।)
Answer:
The words which tell that the girl doesn’t have anyone by her side (near her) are “Yon solitary Highland Lass” and “by herself”.

Question 8.
What is the tone of her song — happy, sad, soothing or sympathetic?
(ଝିଅଟିର ଗୀତର ଭାବ କ’ଣ – ସୁଖ, ଦୁଃଖ, ଆରାମ ବା ସହାନୁଭୂତିମୂଳକ ?)
Answer:
The tone (feeling) of her song is sadness (ବିଷାଦ).

Question 9.
Overflowing with sound – Explain.
(‘Overflowing with sound’ – (ଶବ୍ଦ ସହିତ ପ୍ରବାହିତ ହେଉଛି | )
Answer:
The expression “Overflowing with sound” means the free-flowing voice of the maiden’s song that spreads all over the valley.

Question 10.
The solitary reaper’s song reminds the poet of other singers. Who are they?
(ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତ କବିଙ୍କୁ ଅନ୍ୟ ଗାୟିକାମାନଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ମନେ ପକାଇ ଦେଉଛି । ସେମାନେ କିଏ ?)
Answer:
The solitary reaper’s song reminds (causes to remember – ମନେରଖିବାକୁ କାରଣ କରେ |) the poet of other singers. They are ‘cuckoo’ and ‘nightingale’.

Question 11.
Who sings welcome notes? Where? For whom? What for?
( ଯିଏ ସ୍ୱାଗତ ନୋଟ୍ ଗାଇଥାଏ ? ଗାନ କରିଥାଏ ? କେଉଁଠାରେ ? କାହା ପାଇଁ ? କେଉଁଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ?)
Answer:
The nightingale (ନାଇଟିଙ୍ଗଲେ |) sings welcome notes (songs) in the Arabian deserts for the band of extremely (ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ) tired travellers to give them the thrill of her melodious music (ପଥଶ୍ରାନ୍ତ ବାଟୋଇମାନଙ୍କୁ ମଧୁର ଗୀତର ରୋମାଞ୍ଚ ପ୍ରଦାନ କରିବା ନିମନ୍ତେ).

Question 12.
Whose voice is thrilling?
(କାହାର ସ୍ମର ରୋମାଞ୍ଚକର ଅଟେ ?)
Answer:
The cuckoo’s voice is thrilling (very exciting or joyful).

Question 13.
Where does it sing? When?
(ଏହା (କୋଇଲି) କେଉଁଠାରେ ଗୀତ ଗାଏ ? କେତେବେଳେ ? )
Answer:
It (the cuckoo) sings from the farthest (remotest – ସୁଦୂର) )Hebrides in springtime.

Question 14.
Who does Wordsworth compare the farmer girl with? Why?
( କିଏ କରେWordsworth କୃଷକ ଝିଅକୁ କାହା ସହିତ ତୁଳନା କରିଛନ୍ତି ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
The poet Wordsworth compares the farmer girl with the nightingale and the cuckoo. Because the girl or the maiden or the reaper sings melodiously (very sweetly – ବହୁତ ମଧୁର) like the nightingale or the cuckoo.

Question 15.
The peasant girl’s song is not intelligible to the poet because.
Tick the right answer.) (କୃଷକ ଝିଅର ଗୀତ କବିଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଅସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ବା ଅବୋଧ ଅଟେ କାରଣ ……) (ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତର ପାଖରେ ଏ ଚିହ୍ନ ଦିଅ ।)
• her song is in a dialect he does not understand.
• he is far away from hearing the words of the song.
• her voice is not clear as she is humming the words.
• her voice is too soft for him to get.
Answer:
her song is in a dialect (ତାଙ୍କର ଗୀତ ଏକ ଉପଭାଷାରେ ଅଛି) he does not understand. (✓)

Question 16.
What does the phrase ‘humble lay’ mean?
(‘ନମ୍ର ଲେ’ ବାକ୍ୟର ଅର୍ଥ କ’ଣ?)
Answer:
The phrase ‘humble lay’ means the song of a regular ordinary life story.

Question 17.
The expression ‘plaintive numbers’ refers to sad music. Pick out another phrase in the poem carrying the same meaning.
(‘plaintive numbers’ ଉକ୍ତି ଦୁଃଖ ସଙ୍ଗୀତକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି । ଏହି ଅର୍ଥ ବହନ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ଅନ୍ୟ କବିତାର ଏକ ବାକ୍ୟଶ ବାହାର କର ।)
Answer:
The expression ‘plaintive numbers’ refers to sad music. Another phrase in the poem carrying (implying -ଇଙ୍ଗିତ କରିବା) the same meaning is “a melancholy (sad) strain (song)”.

Question 18.
What does the poet mean to say “As if her song could have no ending”?
(“As if her song could have no ending” ବୋଲି କବି କେଉଁ ଅର୍ଥରେ କହିଛନ୍ତି ? )
Tick the most appropriate answer below.
(ନିମ୍ନରେ ଥ‌ିବା ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ଉତ୍ତର ପାଖରେ I ଚିହ୍ନ ଦିଅ ।)
• Her song is too long to end.
• She keeps on singing and seems not to end.
• The poet does not want the song to end.
• The song contains an everlasting universal theme that recycles.
Answer:
The song contains (ଗୀତରର ଅଛି ) an everlasting (ଅନନ୍ତ) universal theme (ସର୍ବଭାରତୀୟ ଥିମ୍ |) which recycles. (✓)

Question 19.
The poet listens ‘motionless and still’ because _______________. (ନିଶ୍ଚଳ ଓ ନୀରବ ହୋଇ କବି ଶୁଣୁଛନ୍ତି କାରଣ ______________)
(Tick the right answer.) (ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରରେ ✓ ଚିହ୍ନ ଦିଅ ।)
• the rich melodious voice of the singer holds him mesmerized and spellbound.
• he was tired after walking uphill.
• he wanted to learn the words and rhythm of the song.
• he is rooted to the spot by the girl’s beauty.
Answer:
the rich melodious voice of the singer holds him mesmerised and spellbound (ବିମୋହିତ ଓ ଅଭିଭୂତ କରି ଦେଇଛି). (✓)

Question 20.
How did the song affect the narrator?
(ଗୀତଟି କିପରି କବିଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The poet continues to hum (ଗୁଣୁଗୁଣୁ କରି ଗାଉଛନ୍ତି)the melodious song of the reaper even after a long period of time had passed since he first listened to the song.

Question 21.
In stanza 1 and stanza 2, four words and phrases have been used to show that the girl working in the fields is without anyone by her. Pick out these words and phrases.
(ପଡ୍‌-୧ ଓ ପଡ୍‌କ୍ସି-୨ରେ ଚାରୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦ ଓ ବାକ୍ୟାଶ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଛି ଯାହାକି ଝିଅଟି କ୍ଷେତରେ ନିଃସଙ୍ଗ ଭାବେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରୁଥ‌ିବାର ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି । ସେହି ଶବ୍ଦ ବା ବାକ୍ୟଶଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ବାହାର କର/ଚୟନ କର ।)
Answer:
Four words or phrases in stanza 1 and stanza 2 have been used to show that the girl working in the fields is without anyone by her. These words or phrases are: ‘Single in the field’, ‘Yon solitary Highland Lass’, ‘Reaping and singing by herself and the word ‘Alone’.

Question 22.
The theme of the solitary reaper’s song contains sadness. What other words are used in place of ‘sad’ ?
(ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତର ସାରମର୍ମ ଦୁଃଖଭିଭିକ । ‘Sad’ ବଦଳରେ ଅନ୍ୟ କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଛି ?)
Answer:
The theme of the ‘solitary reaper’s song contains sadness. The other words used in place of ‘sad’ are ‘melancholy’ (ବିଷାଦଗ୍ରସ୍ତ), ‘plaintive’ (କରୁଣ), ‘sorrow’ and ‘pain’.

Question 23.
What are the two synonyms for the ‘young girl’?
(‘ଯୁବତୀ’ ପାଇଁ ଦୁଇଟି ସମକକ୍ଷ କ’ଣ?)
Answer:
The two synonyms (ପ୍ରତିଶବ୍ଦ) for the ‘young girl’ are ‘Lass’ and ‘Maiden’.

Question 24.
Three other words are used to mean ‘song’. What are they?
(‘song’ ବା ଗୀତକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ଅନ୍ୟ ତିନୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଛି । ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ’ଣ ?)
Answer:
The three other words to mean ‘song’ are ‘strain’, ‘numbers’, and ‘lay’.

Question 25.
A melancholy strain’ in stanza 2 means ‘sad song’. Find out another phrase in stanza 5 with a similar meaning.
(ପଡ୍‌-୨ରେ ‘A melancholy strain’ର ଅର୍ଥ ହେଉଛି ‘ଦୁଃଖ ଗୀତ’ । ପଙ୍‌-୫ରେ ଏହି ଅର୍ଥ ବହନ କରୁଥିବା ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ବାକ୍ୟଶ ବାହାର କର ।)
Answer:
‘A melancholy strain’ in stanza 2 means ‘sad song’. Another phrase in stanza 5 with a similar meaning is ‘plaintive numbers’.

Question 26.
Which word in stanza 5 expresses the poet’s guess?
( ପଙ୍‌କ୍ତି-୫ରେ କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦ କବିଙ୍କର ଅନୁମାନକୁ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The word ‘perhaps’ (ବୋଧହୁଏ) in stanza 5 expresses the poet’s guess.

F. Let’s Appreciate The Poem:

Question 1.
Describe what picture on the valley and the farm worker come to your mind as you read the poem.
(ତୁମେ କବିତାକୁ ପଢ଼ିବାବେଳେ ଉପତ୍ୟକା ଓ କୃଷିକ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟରତ ଶ୍ରମଜୀବୀର କେଉଁ ଛବି ତୁମ ମନକୁ ଆସୁଛି ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କର ।)
Answer:
As I read the poem. the background of the poem which is set in a mountain valley and a solitary reaper girl working there comes to my mind. The valley spreads across the mountains. The green lush alley (ସବୁଜିମା ଭରା ଗଳିକନ୍ଦି) looks feasting (ଭୋଜିଭାତ) to the eyes of the on lookers (ନିରୀକ୍ଷଣକାରୀ). In the field of the valley, the sight of the solitary (lonely) reaper comes to the notice of the poet. The lonely girl while cutting and binding the grain is found singing a gloomy (ବିଷାଦମୟ ଗୀତ) song. The girl presents the picture of a fresh inspiring (ପ୍ରେରଣାଦାୟୀ) and enjoyable (ଉପଭୋଗ୍ୟ) commodity (ଦ୍ରବ୍ୟ) in the widespread solitariness (ଏକାକୀପଣ) of the dull (ନିସ୍ତେଜ) railey.

Question 2.
Why do you think Wordsworth has chosen the song of the nightingale and cuckoo for comparison with the solitary reaper’s song?
(ତୁମେ କାହିଁକି ଭାବୁଛ Wordsworth ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତ ସହ ତୁଳନା କରିବା ପାଇଁ ବୁଲ୍‌ବୁଲ୍ ଓ କୋଇଲିର ଗୀତକୁ ଚୟନ କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
Obviously (ଅବଶ୍ୟ କବି) the poet William Wordsworth is absolutely (thoroughly – ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଭାବରେ) )captivated (ବିମୋହିତ) by the hunting melody (ଶିକାର ମେଲୋଡି) of the reaper’s song though he hasn’t been able to understand the theme. The maiden’s song reminds (ମନେ ପକାଇ ଦେଲା) him of the songs of the nightingale and the cuckoo. The poet’s choosing the song(s) of these two birds stands crystal clear ( ନିର୍ମଳ) to us. The tired travelers of the Arabian deserts listening to the soulful (sweet – ମଧୁର) music of the nightingale and the people getting immense joy (ଅସୀମ ଆନନ୍ଦ) from the note (song) of the cuckoo flowing (ବହିୟାଉଛି କୋକିଲ) from the far-off Hebrides in spring color of the poet’s imagination (କଳ୍ପନା). The songs of the reaper as well as (and) those of the nightingales and the cuckoos though (ଯଦିଓ) unintelligible (not fit to be understood – ବୁଝିବା ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ନୁହେଁ) have the source (ଉତ୍ସ) of perennial joy (ଚିରନ୍ତନ ଆନନ୍ଦ) in the routine dull life (ନିତିଦିନିଆ ନୀରସ ଜୀବନରେ) of human beings.

Question 3.
Whose song is sweeter according to the poet – the nightingale and the cuckoos or the solitary reaper’s? or the solitary reapers?
(କବିଙ୍କ ଅନୁସାରେ |ମତରେ କାହାର ଗୀତ ମଧୁରତର – ବୁଲ୍‌ବୁଲ୍ ବା କୋଇଲିର ବା ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ?)
Answer:
According to the poet, the solitary reaper’s song is sweeter.

I. Let’s Write:

Question 1.
The poet cannot understand the words of the songq vet he raised several possibilities about its theme. In the diagram below are some of the possibilities. Read the stanzas-S and 6, and find out the phrases that match each. Work In pairs and complete the diagram writing the correct phrases in the blanks. One is done for you. (କବି ଗୀତର ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ବୁଝିପାରୁନାହାନ୍ତି, ତଥାପି ସେ ଗୀତର ସାରମର୍ମ ବିଷୟରେ ଅନେକ ସମ୍ଭାବନାର ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ଉଠାଇଛନ୍ତି । ନିମ୍ନ ଅଙ୍କିତ diagramରେ କେତେକ ସମ୍ଭାବନା ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯାଇଛି । ପଙ୍‌-୫ ଓ ୬ ପଢ଼ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ସହ ଖାପ ଖାଉଥ‌ିବା ବାକ୍ୟଶଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଚୟନ କର, ଦୁଇ ଦୁଇଜଣ ହୋଇ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କର ଏବଂ diagramର ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନଗୁଡ଼ିକରେ ସଠିକ୍ ବାକ୍ୟାଶ ଲେଖୁ ପୂରଣ କର ।)

Answer:

Question 2.
In stanza-3 and 4, the poet compares the solitary reaper’s song with that of the nightingale and the cuckoo. On the basis of your reading the poem and your imagination, complete the table below with required information/facts. Work in groups of 4. Then check your findings with others in a brief class discussion. discussion. (ପଙ୍‌କ୍ତି – ୩ ଓ ୪ରେ କବି ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତକୁ ବୁଲ୍‌ବୁଲ୍‌ର ଗୀତ ଓ କୋଇଲିର ଗୀତ ସହିତ ତୁଳନା କରିଛନ୍ତି । ତୁମର କବିତା ପଠନ ଓ କଳ୍ପନାକୁ ଆଧାର କରି ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ସାରଣୀ (table)କୁ ଆବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ତଥ୍ୟ ସହ ପୂରଣ କର । ୪ ଜଣିଆ ଦଳରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କର । ତୁମର ତଥ୍ୟ ସହ ଅନ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କ ତଥ୍ୟ ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ଆଲୋଚନା ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ତୁଳନା କର ।)

Singer	Place	Listener	Impact on the listener
Solitary reaper	Scottish Highland	the poet	holds him spellbound
Nightingale
Cuckoo

Now write one paragraph for each sub-table using the facts/information available hereunder. One is done for you.
(ଏବେ ପ୍ରତି ଉପ-ସାରଣୀ ପାଇଁ ସେଥ୍ରେ ଉପଲବ୍ଧ ତଥ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନେଇ ଗୋଟିଏ ଗୋଟିଏ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦ ଲେଖ । ଗୋଟିଏ ତୁମପାଇଁ କରି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)

The solitary reaper was singing a melodious song as she reaped crops in the deep valley of the Scottish Highlands. The poet chanced to see (ଦେଖିବା ପାଇଁ ମନ ବଳାଇଲେ) and hear her. The tone and the tune enchanted (ଟ୍ୟୁନ୍ କବିଙ୍କୁ ମନ୍ତ୍ରମୁଗ୍ଧ କରିଦେଲା) the poet. It held him mesmerized and spellbound. The poet stood motionless and still as he listened to the song.

Answer:
On the Nightingale (ରାତି ଅଧରେ) -As the poet listened to the song of the reaper more and more, the picture of nightingale crosses his mind (ମନକୁ ଆସିଛି). When the travelers are already exhausted (very tired- ଅତି କ୍ଳାନ୍ତ) from the long journey. rest themselves in the cool shades of sorne oasis (ମରୂଦ୍ୟାନର ଶୀତଳ ଛାୟାରେ ବିଶ୍ରାମ ନିଅନ୍ତି )they chance to listen (ହଠାତ୍ ଶୁଣିବାକୁ ପାଆନ୍ତି) to the captivating music (ପୁଲକିତ ସଙ୍ଗୀତ) of the nightingale and they forget the weariness (ଅବସାଦ) of the long travel.

On the Cuckoo (କୁକୁଡା ଉପରେ) -The sweet and soulful music of the reaper’s song continued to echo (ପ୍ରତିଧ୍ଵନିତ ହେବାକୁ ଲାଗିଲା) in the poet’s heart. The cuckoo, the harbinger (announcer – ଘୋଷକ) of spring appeared to tickle (ବସନ୍ତର ଝଙ୍କାର ଉଠିଲା) the poet’s imagination. The bird’s thrilling music overflowed, breaking the silence(ନିସ୍ତବ୍ଧତାକୁ ଭାଙ୍ଗି) of the group of islands that lie to the north-west of Scotland.

Question 3.
Imagine that you are the poet, William Wordsworth. Just after hearing the solitary reaper, you will continue on your walk and reach home. Try to describe your experience to your younger brother and what you saw and felt.
(ମନେକର ତୁମେ ହେଉଛି କବି William Wordsworth । (ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତ ଶୁଣିବା ପରେ, ତୁମେ ତୁମର ଚାଲିବା ବଜାୟ ରଖ୍ ଘରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଯିବ । ତୁମେ ଯାହା ଦେଖୁଲ ଓ ଅନୁଭବ କଲ ସେ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ତୁମର ଅନୁଭୂତି ତୁମର ସାନଭାଇ ନିକଟରେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କର ।)
Answer:
Dear Preeti, just now I was walking in the valley. I saw a solitary reaper working alone in the field. While working he was singing to herself. I was so mesmerized by her singing that I stopped there for a moment and listened to her song. The reaper was singing while cutting and binding the grain. She was singing in a very tragic (ମର୍ମନ୍ତୁଦ) voice. But her voice was extremely melodious (ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ମଧୁର). The more I listened to the song, the more thrill I felt in my mind and heart. Even (ଏପରିକି) the musical notes (ସଙ୍ଗୀତ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀୟ) of the nightingale and the cuckoo appeared to have lacked (ଅଭାବ) the depth (ଗଭୀରତା) of feeling. As I climbed up the hill and stood motionless, the reaper’s song made me spellbound (ମୋତେ ଅପାର ଆନନ୍ଦରେ ଅଭିଭୂତ କରିଦେଲା). The song continues to trasport (ଚିରନ୍ତନ ଆନନ୍ଦର ଆବେଗକୁ ମୋତେ କ୍ରମାଗତ ଦେଇଯାଉଛି) bliss (ଅନାବିଳ ଆନନ୍ଦ).

Question 4.
‘The Solitary Reaper’ is a superb panorama of events that slowly and silently glides from one to the other. Given below a glimpse of the poet’s lofty thoughts occurring in the poem. But they miss their sequence. Can you reorder them as they occur in the poem?
Write (a) / (b) / (c) / (d / (e) in the boxes to show the order. (‘The Solitary Reaper’ କବିତା ହେଉଛି ଘଟଣାସମୂହର ଏକ ଉଚ୍ଚକୋଟୀର ଚଳନ୍ତି ପ୍ରବାହ ଯେଉଁଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଧୀରେ ଧୀରେ ଗୋଟିଏରୁ ଅନ୍ୟ ଗୋଟିଏକୁ ଗତି କରୁଛି । ନିମ୍ନରେ କବିଙ୍କର କବିତାରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଥିବା ଚମତ୍କାର ଭାବନାଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଏକ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ପ୍ରତିଛବି ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯାଇଛି । କିନ୍ତୁ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ୍ରମ ଅନୁସାରେ ନାହାନ୍ତି । କବିତାର ଘଟଣାକ୍ରମ ଅନୁସାରେ ସଜାଇ ଲେଖ । କ୍ରମ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶ ପାଇଁ ବାକ୍ସଗୁଡ଼ିକରେ (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) / (e) ଲେଖ ।)
(a) The poet’s guess (ଅନୁମାନ ) is that the solitary reaper’s song contains a theme of sorrow, loss or pain.
(b) Touching tone and melody of the song holds the poet mesmerised and spell bound.
(c) Poet walks up the hill carrying the maiden’s song in his heart and head.
(d) The young farm worker sings to herself (ନିଜକୁ ନିଜେ ଗୀତ ଗାଉଛି) as (ଯେପରି) she is reaping (ଅମଳ) the corn.
(e) Wordsworth compares the girl’s song with the songs of the nightingale and the cuckoo.
Answer:
(d)/(b)/(e)/(a)/(c)

Question 5.
Given below isa description similar to your experience. But some words/phrases are missing in it. Complete the description using appropriate words/phrases from the from the HELP BOX. (ତୁମର ଅନୁଭୂତି ସହ ସମାନ ଏକ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା ଦିଆଯାଇଛି । HELP BOXରୁ ସଠିକ୍ ଶବ୍ଦ ବା ବାକ୍ୟାଶଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ବାଛି ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକୁ ପୂରଣ କର ।)

“Just now, J was walking, I saw a _______ in the field. She was ________ as she worked. I was so affected ________ that I ___________. She had, which seemed to _______ was a sad one, and I could not. But its ________ and melancholy sound. and its ________ reminded me of the song and. After some time I walked ___________, of the young _____ with me.”

HELP BOX

Beauty	up the hill	singing to herself
a nightingale	in the valley	stopped and listened
a cuckoo	by her singing	till the whole valley
the song	a beautiful voice	understand the words
woman’s song	young farm worker	touched me greatly
plaintive tone	carrying the memory

Answer:
“Just now, I was walking in the valley, I saw a young farm worker (ଶ୍ରମିକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟରତ ଯୁବତୀ) in the field. She was singing to herself as she worked. I was so affected
(ଏତେ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହୋଇ ଯାଇଥୁଲି)her singing that (ତାହା) I stopped and listened.
She had a beautiful voice, which seemed to fill the whole valley (ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଉପତ୍ୟକାକୁ ପ୍ରତିଧ୍ଵନିତ କରୁଥିବାର ଜଣାପଡୁଥିଲା ). The song was a sad one, and I could not understand the words.
But its plaintive tone (ବିଷାଦମୟ ସ୍ବର) and melancholy sound touched me greatly, and its beauty reminded me of the song of a nightingale and a cuckoo. After some time I walked the hill carrying the memory (ସ୍ମୃତି ବହନ କରି), of the young woman’s song with me.”

Question 6.
Write answers to all the questions under “G. Let us understand the poem”.

BSE Odisha 10th Class English The Solitary Reaper Important Questions and Answers

Very Short A Objective Questions With Answers:
A. Answer The Following Questions In Word Or A Phrase.

Question 1.
Who was singing in the field?
Answer:
the solitary reaper/the Highland Lass

Question 2.
Where was the field?
Answer:
in the regions of the high mountains

Question 3.
What was the girl?
Answer:
a solitary reaper

Question 4.
What was the girl doing in the field?
Answer:
singing to herself while cutting the grain

Question 5.
What request does the poet make to the passers-by?
Answer:
to stop there or pass slowly

Question 6.
What was overflowing with the sound of the song?
Answer:
the profound or deep valley

Question 7.
What was the vale like?
Answer:
deep and widespread

Question 8.
What sort of song was the reaper singing?
Answer:
a sad or melancholic song

Question 9.
Whose welcome notes are greeted by tired travelers?
Answer:
the nightingale’s

Question 10.
Where is the shady haunt?
Answer:
among the Arabian deserts

Question 11.
When does the cuckoo sing?
Answer:
in springtime

Question 12.
Whose song was more appealing than those of the nightingales and cuckoos?
Answer:
the reaper’s song

Question 13.
Why couldn’t the poet understand the girl’s song?
Answer:
the language of the song being unfamiliar (ଅଜଣା ଥ‌ିବାରୁ )

Question 14.
How did the poet listen to the reaper’s song?
Answer:
standing (ଠିଆ ହୋଇ) still and motionless

Question 15.
What was the note of the reaper’s music?
Answer:
sad or sorrowful

B. Fill In The Blanks With Right Words:

1. The solitary reaper was busy cutting the grain in ___________.
Answer:
the field

2. The word ‘Highland’ means ___________.
Answer:
high mountain regions

3. The reaper was cutting and ___________.
Answer:
binding the grain or crops

4. ___________is resounded with the girl’s song.
Answer:
The profound valley /vale

Question 5.
The poet appeals to ___________ to stop there on gently pass.
Answer:
the passers-by

Question 6.
The solitary reaper was singing a ___________.
Answer:
melancholic or sad song

Question 7.
___________are the weary bands.
Answer:
The tired travelers

Question 8.
The cuckoo’s song broke ___________.
Answer:
the silence of the seas

Question 9.
The travelers rest in ___________.
Answer:
shady or cool haunts

Question 10.
___________ gives comfort to tired travelers.
Answer:
The nightingale & sweet note

Question 11.
The sad songs of the girl flow from ___________.
Answer:
old, unhappy, and familiar matters

Question 12.
More welcome notes come from ___________.
Answer:
the nightingale

Question 13.
The reaper’s song may have ___________.
Answer:
different themes

Question 14.
Words like ‘maiden’ and ‘lass’ stand for ___________.
Answer:
the reaper

Question 15.
While at work the reaper held ___________ in her hand.
Answer:
a sickle

Multiple Choice Questions (Mcqs) With Answers
Pick out the correct alternative.

Question 1.
The poem “Solitary Reaper” is written by ___________.
(A) William Wordsworth
(B) John Keats
(C) Shakespeare
(D) R.N. Tagore
Answer:
(A) William Wordsworth

Question 2.
William Wordsworth is/was famous as one of the poets.
(A) greatest romantic
(B) greatest Nature
(C) greatest social
(D) greatest traditional
Answer:
(B) greatest Nature

Question 3.
Wordsworth belongs to the age in English literature.
(A) medieval
(B) Victorian
(C) romantic
(D) ancient
Answer:
(C) romantic

Question 4.
In the line/expression “Yon Solitary Highland Lass !“. the word ‘Yon’ means.
(A) young
(B) overhear
(C) there
(D) over there
Answer:
(D) over there

Question 5.
The narrator / The poet requests the passers-by to stop there or.
(A) pass noiselessly
(B) pass quickly
(C) go ahead
(D) gently pass
Answer:
(D) gently pass

Question 6.
The phrase “Highland Lass” means the girl living in the high mountain region of.
(A) England
(B) Ireland
(C) Scotland
(D) Holland
Answer:
(C) Scotland

Question 7.
The solitary reaper is reaping and by herself.
(A) binding
(B) singing
(C) harvesting
(D) sowing
Answer:
(B) singing

Question 8.
are requested by the poet to pass gently (slowly).
(A) The passers-by
(B) The travelers
(C) The farmers
(D) The villagers
Answer:
(A) The passers-by

Question 9.
In the line “Behold her single in the field”, the pronoun ‘her’ stands for.
(A) the solitary reaper
(B) the solitary girl
(C) The solitary worker
(D) The old lady
Answer:
(A) the solitary reaper

Question 10.
The deep and is filled with the sweet song of the solitary reaper.
(A) shallow valley
(B) wide valley
(C) narrow valley
(D) profound valley
Answer:
(B) wide valley

Question 11.
“Deep and wide” denotes the word meant for the ‘valley’.
(A) shallow
(B) huge
(C) profound
(D) marvelous
Answer:
(C) marvelous

Question 12.
Alone cuts and binds the grain.
(A) the young farmer
(B) the old farmer
(C) the solitary worker
(D) the solitary reaper
Answer:
(D) the solitary reaper

Question 13.
The group of rest / are resting in the shady haunt.
(A) young travelers
(B) weary pilgrims
(C) rich travelers
(D) tired travelers
Answer:
(D) tired travelers

Question 14.
The soothing notes of providing (give) peace and joy to tired travelers in the desert.
(A) Cuckoo
(B) Nightingale
(C) Parrot
(D) Pegion
Answer:
(B) Nightingale

Question 15.
The Nightingale is famous for its sweetness or melodious.
(A) voice
(B) tone
(C) note
(D) song
Answer:
(A) voice

Question 16.
The melody of the breaks / is breaking the silence of the seas.
(A) nightingale
(B) cuckoo
(C) sparrow
(D) parrot
Answer:
(B) cuckoo

Question 17.
The bird cuckoo sings in.
(A) autumn
(B) winter
(C) summer
(D) spring
Answer:
(D) spring

Question 18.
The word in the poem denotes that the reaper is unmarried.
(A) yon
(B) maiden
(C) solitary
(D) single
Answer:
(B) maiden

Question 19.
The phrase “familiar matter” described in the poem means the events of.
(A) day-to-day life
(B) past life
(C) normal life
(D) material ife
Answer:
(A) day-to-day life

Question 20.
The poet listened to the reaper’s / girl’s / farmer girl’s song still and.
(A) unmoved
(B) quiet
(C) motionless
(D) speechless
Answer:
(C) motionless

The Solitary Reaper Summary in English

Lead-In:
In the present poem, Wordsworth recalls (ୱାର୍ଡସୱର୍ଥ ସ୍ମରଣ କରେ) an experience (ଏକ ଅଭିଜ୍ଞତା)that had created a lasting impression (ଯାହା ଏକ ସ୍ଥାୟୀ ଭାବନା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଥିଲା ​​|) upon his mind. The poet’s depicting (ଚିତ୍ରଣ) a solitary Highland Lass (ଏକ ନିର୍ଜନ ଉଚ୍ଚଭୂମି ଲାସ୍) and the effect (ପ୍ରଭାବ) of her sweet song on him forms the crux (major subject — ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟ) of the poem.

Stanzawise Explanation:
Stanza 1 (Lines 1 to 4)
Behold her single in the field.
Yon solitary Highland Lass!
Reaping and singing by herself;
Stop here, or gently pass!
Gist: In the first stanza, the poet urges (calls) the by-passers to behold (to see) the solitary Highland Lass (maiden) who while reaping the corns is singing by herself (alone). The poet appeals to them (the by-passers) to stop near the girl or cross the path slowly.
ସାରାଂଶ : କବିତାର ପ୍ରଥମ ପତ୍‌ତ୍ତିରେ କବି ନିକଟରେ ଯାତାୟାତ କରୁଥିବା ପଥଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ଉଚ୍ଚ ପର୍ବତଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ଶସ୍ୟ କାଟୁଥ‌ିବା ଓ ମନକୁ ମନ ଗୀତ ଗାଉଥିବା ଏକ ଝିଅକୁ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଆଗ୍ରହ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରିଛନ୍ତି । ଝିଅଟି ପାଖରେ ଅଟକିଯିବା ପାଇଁ ବା ଧୀରେ ଧୀରେ ରାସ୍ତାକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରିବାପାଇଁ ସେ (କବି) ପଥଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ନିବେଦନ କରିଛନ୍ତି ।

Stanza 2 (Lines 5 to 8)
Alone she cuts and binds the grain,
And sings a melancholy strain;
O listen! for the Vale, profound Is overflowing with sound.
Gist: The girl or the maiden is found cutting and binding the grain. While doing so, she keeps on singing a sad number (song). The poet calls upon (urges) the passers-by to listen to that melodious song. The sprawling (widespread) valley of the mountain region is overflowed with the sweetness of the song.
ସାରାଂଶ : ଉଚ୍ଚ ପର୍ବତାଞ୍ଚଳରେ କୁମାରୀ ବା ଝିଅଟି ଶସ୍ୟ କାଟି ବିଡ଼ା ବାନ୍ଧୁଥ‌ିବାର ଦେଖାଯାଉଛି । ଏହା କରୁଥିଲାବେଳେ ସେ ଏକ ଦୁଃଖ ବା ବିଷାଦଭରା ଗୀତ ଗାଇ ଚାଲିଛି । ସେହି ମଧୁର ଗୀତକୁ ଶୁଣିବା ନିମିତ୍ତ ସେ (କବି) ପଥଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଛନ୍ତି । ଝିଅର ଗୀତ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ପର୍ବଶ୍ରେଣୀର ବିସ୍ତୃତ ଉପତ୍ୟକାକୁ ବିମୋହିତ କରିଦେଇଛି ।

Stanza 3 (Lines 9 to 12)
No Nightingale did ever chaunt.
More welcome notes to weary bands
Of travelers in some shady haunt,
Among Arabian sands;
Gist: As the poet says, the hunting melody of the reaper’s song easily surpassed the music of Nightingale, which captivates the band of tired travelers taking a rest in some oasis in the Arabian desert.
ସାରାଂଶ : କବିଙ୍କ କହିବା ଅନୁସାରେ ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ମଧୁର ମର୍ମସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଗୀତ ସହଜରେ ନାଇଟିଙ୍ଗଲ୍ ବା ବୁଲ୍‌ବୁଲ୍ ପକ୍ଷୀର ସଙ୍ଗୀତକୁ ଟପିଯାଇଥିଲା, ଯାହା ଆରବ ମରୁଭୂମିର ମରୂଦ୍ୟାନରେ ବିଶ୍ରାମରତ କ୍ଳାନ୍ତ ପଥକଗୋଷ୍ଠୀକୁ ବିମୋହିତ କରିଥାଏ ।

Stanza 4 (Lines 13 to 16)
A voice so thrilling ne ’er was heard
In springtime from the Cuckoo-bird
Breaking the silence of the seas
Among the farthest Hebrides.
Gist: The melodious voice of the solitary reaper was so appealing. Even the cuckoo’s song in spring lacks the intensity of thrill. The reaper’s breathtaking (very sweet) voice seemed to have broken the silence of the cluster (group) of islands off the north Atlantic coast of Scotland.
ସାରାଂଶ : ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ମଧୁର ସ୍ଵର ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ମୁଗ୍‌ଧକାରୀ ଥିଲା । ଏପରିକି ବସନ୍ତରେ କୋଇଲିର କୁହୁତାନରେ ଏଭଳି ରୋମାଞ୍ଚକର ତୀବ୍ରତା ନ ଥାଏ । ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ମାଦକଭରା ସ୍ଵର ସ୍କଟ୍‌ଲାଣ୍ଡର ସୁଦୂର ଉତ୍ତର ଆଟଲାଣ୍ଟିକ୍ କୂଳରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଦ୍ଵୀପପୁଞ୍ଜର ନୀରବତାକୁ ଭଙ୍ଗ କରୁଥିବାର ପ୍ରତୀୟମାନ ହେଉଛି ।

Stanza 5 (Lines 17 to 20)
Will no one tell me what she sings?-
Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow
For old, unhappy, far-off things,
And battles long ago;
Gist: The poet fails to understand the theme of the song. Perhaps sad songs arising out of old, unhappy things of the past or very ancient battles could have formed the theme of the reaper’s song.
ସାରାଂଶ : ନିର୍ଜନ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ବିଷାଦଭରା ଓ ହୃଦୟସ୍ପର୍ଶୀ ଗୀତର ସାରକଥା ବୁଝିବାରେ କବି ଅସଫଳ ହୋଇଛନ୍ତି । ବୋଧହୁଏ ଅତୀତର କୌଣସି ଦୁଃଖଦାୟକ ଘଟଣା ବା ସଙ୍ଘଟିତ ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ଝିଅଟିର ଗୀତର ସାରକଥା ହୋଇଥାଇପାରେ ବୋଲି ସେ ମନେ କରୁଛନ୍ତି ।

Stanza 6 (Lines 21 to 24)
Or is it some more humble lay,
Familiar matter of today?
Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,
That has been, and maybe again?
Gist: The theme of the song could be the song of the everyday stories of life or the usual things of the day. Maybe matters of natural sorrow or loss or pain had produced the gist or theme of the song.
ସାରାଂଶ : ଗୀତର ସାରମର୍ମ ହୁଏତ ସବୁଦିନିଆ ଜୀବନ କାହାଣୀର ଗୀତ ବା ସାଧାରଣ ଘଟଣାବଳୀର ସନ୍ଦେଶ ହୋଇପାରେ । ଲାଗୁଥିଲା ସ୍ଵାଭାବିକ ଦୁଃଖ ବା କ୍ଷତି ବା ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ଗୀତର ମାର୍ମିକ ଭାବ ହୋଇଥାଇପାରେ ।

Stanza 7 (Lines 25 to 28)
Whate ’er the theme, the Maiden sang
As if her song could have no ending;
I saw her singing at her work,
And o ’er the sickle bending; –
Gist: The theme of the song may be diverse (different). But the maiden’s (reaper’s) song seemed to have no end. The poet beheld (saw) the girl singing at her work bending low with a sickle (billhook) in her hand.
ସାରାଂଶ : ଗୀତର ସାରମର୍ମ ଭିନ୍ନ ଭିନ୍ନ ହୋଇପାରେ, କିନ୍ତୁ କୁମାରୀର (ଅବିବାହିତ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର) ଗୀତର ଅନ୍ତ ନ ଥ‌ିବାର ଜଣାପଡୁଥିଲା । ଝିଅଟି ହାତରେ ଦାଆ ଧରି ନଇଁପଡ଼ି ଶସ୍ୟ କାଟିବାରେ ବ୍ୟସ୍ତ ଥ‌ିବାର କବି ଦେଖ‌ିଲେ ।

Stanza 8 (Lines 29 to 32)
I listen ’d, motionless and still;
And, as I mounted up the hill,
The music in my heart I bore,
Long after it was heard no more.
Gist: The poet continued to listen to the song quietly and attentively as he climbed up the hill. Though several (many) days have passed, the musical song of the girl still continues to throb in his heart.
ସାରାଂଶ : ପାହାଡ଼ ଚଢ଼ୁଥିଲାବେଳେ କବି ଲଗାତର ଭାବେ ଶସ୍ୟକଟାଳିର ଗୀତକୁ ନୀରବ ଓ ଏକାଗ୍ର ଚିତ୍ତରେ ଶୁଣୁଥିଲେ । ଯଦିଓ ସେ ଏହି ଗୀତ ଶୁଣିବାର ଅନେକ ଦିନ ବିତିଯାଇଛି, ତଥାପି ଝିଅର ସଙ୍ଗୀତଭରା ଗୀତ ତାଙ୍କ ହୃଦୟକୁ ଏବେ ବି ପୁଲକିତ କରୁଛି ।

About The Poet:
William Wordsworth was born on 7th April 1770, in Cockermouth in the Lake District, England. He is regarded (ତାଙ୍କୁ ସମ୍ମାନିତ କରାଯାଏ) as a worshipper (ଉପାସକ) of nature. Love of nature is a major theme (ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଥିମ୍ |) of his poetry. He wrote about ordinary (ସାଧାରଣ) men and women in the language of the ordinary people. For him (ତାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ), “Poetry is the spontaneous óverflow of powerful feelings (କବିତା ହେଉଛି ଶକ୍ତିଶାଳୀ ଭାବନାର ସ୍ବତଃସ୍ଫୂର୍ତ ଉପଦ୍ରବ) arising from emotions (ଆବେଗର ଉଦୟ) recollected in tranquility (ଶାନ୍ତିରେ ସ୍ମରଣ)”. He died at Rydal Mount and Gardens, United Kingdom on April 23, 1850.

Word Meaning / Glossary:
As written in the text (ପାଠ୍ୟ ବିଷୟରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ଶବ୍ଦ ବା ବାକ୍ୟଶ ଅନୁସାରେ)

behold – look at or see (ଦେଖିବା)
yon – (old English) over there (ସେହିଠାରେ) or that (କିମ୍ବା ତାହା |)
solitary – single or alone or deserted ((ନିର୍ଜନ ବା ଏକାକିନୀ ))
Do you see the solitary house/farmer there?
Highland Lass – the girl living in the highlands (mountain regions) of Scotland (ସ୍କଟ୍‌ଲାଣ୍ଡ ଦେଶର ଉଚ୍ଚ ପର୍ବତାଞ୍ଚଳରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିବା ଝିଅ ବା କୁମାରୀ)
melancholy strain – sad or sorrowful song (ବିଷାଦଭରା ବା ଦୁଃଖପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଗୀତ)
vale – valley (ଉପତ୍ୟକା) (poetic form of valley – valleyରକାବ୍ୟରୂପ )
The vale of the mountain is sprawling (ବିଚ୍ଛୁରିତ).
profound – widespread (ବ୍ୟାପକ)
We see a profound valley in the Himalayas.
did chaunt – sang or chanted (ଗୀଥିଲା ବା ଗାୟନ କରିଥିଲା)
weary – very tired or exhausted (ଅବସାଦଗ୍ରସ୍ତ)
The weary passer-by rested under a tree shade (ଛାଇ) for some time, band-group (ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ)
The owner of the house has been killed by a band of robbers (ଡକାୟତଙ୍କ ବ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ୍).
welcome notes – very sweet or melodious songs (ଅତି ମଧୁର ବା ମଧୁର ଗୀତ)
in some shady haunt – in some cool and sheltered oasis (କିଛି ଥଣ୍ଡା ଓ ଆଶ୍ରୟସ୍ଥଳୀରେ)
among Arabian sands – among the desert of Arabia (Middle East) (ଆରବ ମରୁଭୂମି ମଧ୍ୟରେ (ମଧ୍ୟ ପୂର୍ବ)
so thrilling- very exciting or amusing ( ଅତି ରୋମାଞ୍ଚିତ)
The cuckoo has a thrilling melody (ରୋମାଞ୍ଚକର).
ne’er – never (କେବେ ନୁହେଁ)
vate pround – a deep and wide valley (ଗଭୀର ଓ ବିସ୍ତୃତ ଉପତ୍ୟକା))
farthest Hebrides – the most remote group or cluster of islands that lies to the north-west of Scotland (ସ୍କଟଲାଣ୍ଡର ଉତ୍ତର-ପଶ୍ଚିମରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ସବୁଠାରୁ ଦୁର୍ଗମ ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ ବା ଦ୍ୱୀପପୁଞ୍ଜ)
plaintive numbers – sad songs (ଦୁଃଖର ଗୀତ)
humble lay – ordinary song (ସାଧାରଣ ଗୀତ)
sickle – a tool with a curved blade on a short handle for cutting grass, corn, etc. (ଘାସ ବା ଶସ୍ୟକଟା ଯନ୍ତ୍ର (ଦାଆ))
The old man is mowing (କାଟୁଛି) the grass with a sickle.
motionless – without movement (ବା ନିଶ୍ଚଳ ହୋଇ)
The boy stood motionless in fear.
battles long ago – the Scots were divided into clans or large clans (କ୍ଳାନ୍ସ) or large family groups or tribes.
In the past, these clans sometimes fought. Songs have been written about these battles. (ଅତୀତରେ ସ୍କଟ୍‌ସୀ (ସ୍କଟ୍‌ଲାଣ୍ଡର ଅସ୍ଵାସୀ) ଅନେକ ବିଶାଳ ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀରେ ବିଭକ୍ତ
Scotland – A country bordering England in the United Kindgom (ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡ ଦେଶ ସୀମାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ଦେଶ ) .

BSE Odisha 10th Class English Detailed Text:

• All Things Bright and Beautiful Question Answer
• A letter to God Question Answer
• The Solitary Reaper Question Answer
• At the High School Question Answer
• Village Song Question Answer
• Festivals of North-East India Question Answer
• The Flower-School Question Answer
• Air Pollution: A Hidden Menace Question Answer
• From the Formalin Jar Question Answer
• School’s Goodbye Question Answer

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class English Solutions Chapter 2 A letter to God Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 10th English Chapter 2 A letter to God Question Answers BSE Odisha

A letter to God Class 10 Questions and Answers

E. Let’s Understand The Text:

Question 1.
Where did Lencho live?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କେଉଁଠାରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Lencho lived in a solitary house that sat on the top of a low hill in the valley.

Question 2.
What did he hope for?
(ସେ କ’ଣ ଆଶା କରୁଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
He hoped for a downpour or at least a good shower of rain which was the only thing the earth needed for a good harvest.

Question 3.
What did he say about the raindrops?
(ସେ ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବିଷୟରେ କ’ଣ କହିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Lencho remarked with excitement that the raindrops falling from the sky were new coins. The big drops were ten-cent pieces and the little ones were five-cent pieces.

Question 4.
How did the rain change?
(ବର୍ଷା କିପରି ବଦଳିଗଲା ?)
Answer:
The rain changed into a hailstorm and along with the rain very large hailstones began to fall.

Question 5.
What happened to Lencho’s corn Heads?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋର ଶସ୍ୟକ୍ଷେତଗୁଡ଼ିକର କ’ଣ ହେଲା ?)
Answer:
As a strong wind began to blow and along with the rain, large hailstones began to fall, Lencho’s corn fields looked white as if it was covered with salt. His corn fields were completely destroyed.

Question 6.
Who did Lencho have faith in?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାହା ଉପରେ ବିଶ୍ବାସ ରଖୁଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Lencho had deep faith in God.

Question 7.
Who did he write a letter to?
(ସେ କାହା ପାଖକୁ ଚିଠିଟିଏ ଲେଖୁଲା ?)
Answer:
Lencho wrote a letter to God.

Question 8.
Who read the letter?
(ଚିଠିଟିକୁ କିଏ ପଢ଼ିଲା ?)
Answer:
The postman and then the postmaster read the letter.

Question 9.
What did the postmaster do?
(ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର କ’ଣ କଲେ ?)
Answer:
The postmaster thought of writing a letter in order not to shake Lencho’s faith in God. But after opening the letter he knew that Lencho asked for hundred pesos from God. So he collected some money from his employees and several friends and contributed a part of his salary. Then he sent the money in an envelope addressed to Lencho. He was able to send only a little more than half.

Question 10.
Was Lencho surprised to find a letter for him with money in it?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ତା’ ପାଇଁ ଟଙ୍କା ଥ‌ିବା ଚିଠିଟିଏ ଦେଖୁ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ ହେଲା କି ?)
Answer:
No, Lencho was not surprised to find a letter for him with money in it.

Question 11.
What was Lencho’s reaction after getting the letter?
(ଚିଠିଟି ପାଇବା ପରେ ଲେଞ୍ଜୋର ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
After getting the letter Lencho did not show the slightest surprise upon seeing the money in it. But he became angry while he counted the money because he got seventy pesos only whereas he asked for 100 pesos. He knew it well that neither God could have made a mistake nor could have denied what he had asked for. He began to suspect the integrity of the post office employees. In his next letter, he requested God to send him the rest money not through mail as the post office employees were a bunch of crooks.

F. Let’s Read Between The Lines:

(a)
(i) Why did Lencho keep on looking at the sky throughout the morning?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାହିଁକି ସାରା ସକାଳ ଆକାଶକୁ ଚାହିଁ ରହିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
There was no rain for some days and the earth needed a downpour or at least a shower for a good harvest. So Lencho kept on looking towards the northeast sky and waited for rain throughout the morning and waited for rain.

(ii) Why was the field white after the storm?
(ଝଡ଼ ପରେ କ୍ଷେତ କାହିଁକି ଧଳା ହୋଇଗଲା ?)
Answer:
Due to a hailstorm for an hour, large hailstones fell on the field along with rain. So after the storm, the field was white as if it was covered with salt.

(iii) Why did Lencho say the raindrops were like ‘new coins’?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାହିଁକି ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନୂଆ ମୁଦ୍ରା ଭଳି ବୋଲି କହିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Just as Lencho predicted big raindrops began to fall from the sky. Seeing it Lencho became extremely happy having a hope of a good harvest. So he. said the raindrops were as valuable as new silver coins.

(iv) Why did Lencho prefer locusts to the storm?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାହିଁକି ଝଡ଼ ଅପେକ୍ଷା ପଙ୍ଗପାଳଙ୍କୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The crops of Lencho were completely destroyed by hailstorms. He thought that his family would go without food that year. He knew that a plague of locusts would have left more than that. The hail had left nothing. So he preferred locusts to the storm.

(v) Did Lencho try to find out who had sent the money to him? Why/Why not?
(କିଏ ତା’ ପାଖକୁ ଟଙ୍କା ପଠାଇଥିଲା ଜାଣିବାକୁ ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ଚେଷ୍ଟ କଲା କି ? କାହିଁକି କାହିଁକି ନୁହେଁ ?)
Answer:
Lencho didn’t try to find out who had sent the money to him. It was because he had firm faith in God and thought that God had listened to his prayer and had sent him the money.

(vi) What would be the reaction of the post office employees when they read the second letter.
Answer:
When the post office employees read the second letter, the postmaster showed his curiosity to read the letter as what Lencho had written.

(b) Read the passage from the text and answer the questions that follow :
(ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟରୁ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦଟିକୁ ପଢ଼ ଓ ତଳେ ଥ‌ିବା ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅ ।)
All through the night _______________________ act of charity.
(Five paragraphs)

(i) Who does Lencho have complete faith in?
(ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାହା ଉପରେ ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବିଶ୍ଵାସ ରଖିଛି ? )
Answer:
Lencho has complete faith in God.

(ii) ‘Lencho was an ox of a man’ – What does the line mean?
(‘ଲେ ବଳଦ ଭଳି ମଣିଷଟିଏ ଥିଲା’ – ଏହି ଧାଡ଼ିଟି କ’ଣ ବୁଝାଉଛି ? )
Answer:
The line ‘Lencho was an ox of a man’ means though Lencho was a man, he had to work hard in the field like an ox. The writer uses such a metaphor.

(iii) What was the postmaster like?
(ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର କିଭଳି ଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
The postmaster was a fat man and had a friendly and pleasant personality. He was very kind and helpful also. As he was a charitable person he came forward to help Lencho by collecting and contributing money from his salary.

(iv) Why did the postmaster send money to Lencho?
(ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର ଲେଞ୍ଚୋ ପାଖକୁ କାହିଁକି ଟଙ୍କା ପଠାଇଲେ ?)
Answer:
When the postmaster saw the letter addressed to God, he was greatly surprised to think about the writer’s firm faith in God. In order not to shake the writer’s faith in God, he decided to answer the letter. He did not want Lencho to face the unfortunate results of his crop loss. He managed to send him seventy pesos to let him overcome his loss of crops.

(v) What does the expression ‘an act of charity’ mean?
(‘ଏକ ବଦାନ୍ୟତାପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ’ ଶବ୍ଦପୁଞ୍ଜର ଅର୍ଥ କ’ଣ ?)
Answer:
The expression ‘an act of charity’ means an act of showing kindness and generosity towards people who are in distress.

G. Let’s Learn Some New Words:

(i) Look at the following sentence from the story.
(ଗଳ୍ପର ନିମ୍ନଲିଖତ ବାକ୍ୟଟିକୁ ଦେଖ ।)
But suddenly a strong wind began to blow and along with the rain very large hailstones began to fall.

• What are hailstones?
  (କୁଆପଥର କ’ଣ ?)
  ‘Hailstones’ are small balls of ice that fall like rain.(‘କୁଆପଥର’ ହେଉଛି ବରଫର ଛୋଟ ବରଫପେଣ୍ଡୁ ଯାହା ବର୍ଷାପରି ପଡ଼େ ।)
• What is a hailstorm?
  (କୁଆପଥର ଝଡ଼ କ’ଣ ?)
  A storm in which hailstones fall is a ‘hailstorm’. We know that a storm is bad weather with strong winds, rain, thunder and lightning. (ଯେଉଁ ଝଡ଼ରେ କୁଆପଥର ପଡ଼େ ତାହା ହେଉଛି ‘କୁଆପଥର ଝଡ଼’ । ଆମେ ଜାଣୁ ଯେ ଝଡ଼ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ଖରାପ ପାଗ ଯେଉଁଥରେ ପ୍ରବଳ ପବନ ଓ ବର୍ଷା ସାଙ୍ଗକୁ ଘଡ଼ଘଡ଼ି ଓ ବିଜୁଳି ମାରୁଥାଏ ।)

There are different names in different parts of the world for storms, depending on their nature. (ଝଡ଼ ପାଇଁ ପୃଥ‌ିବୀର ବିଭିନ୍ନ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପ୍ରକୃତି ଅନୁସାରେ ଭିନ୍ନ ଭିନ୍ନ ନାମ ରହିଛି ।). Try to match the names in the box with their descriptions below, and fill in the blanks. (ନିମ୍ନସ୍ଥ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା ସହ ମେଳ ଖାଉଥ‌ିବା ନାଁଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ କୋଠରି ଭିତରୁ ବାଛିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କର ଏବଂ ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନ ପୂରଣ କର ।)

gale, whirlwind, cyclone, hurricane, tornado, typhoon

1. A violent tropical storm in which strong winds move in a circle: __ __c __ __ __
2. An extremely strong wind: __ a __ __
3. A violent tropical storm with very strong winds: __ __ p __ __ __
4. A violent storm with strong winds, especially in the Western Atlantic Ocean: __ __ r __ __ __ __ __ __
5. A violent storm whose center is a cloud in the shape of a funnel: __ __ __ n __ __ __
6. A very strong wind that moves very fast in a spinning movement and causes a lot of damage: __ __ __ __ l __ __ __ __

Answers:
1. cyclone
2. gale
3. typhoon
4. hurricane
5. tornado
6. whirlwind

ii) Mark how the word ‘hope’ is used in these sentences from the story.
(ଗଳ୍ପର ଏହି ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକରେ ‘hope’ ଶବ୍ଦଟି କିପରି ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଛି ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର ।)

(a) I hope it (the hailstorm) passes quickly. (ମୁଁ ଆଶା କରୁଛି ଏହା (କୁଆପଥର) ଶୀଘ୍ର ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରିବ |)
(b) There was a single hope : help from God. (ଏକମାତ୍ର ଆଶା ଥିଲା – ଈଶ୍ବରଙ୍କଠାରୁ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ)

In sentence ‘a’, hope is used as a verb which means you wish for something to happen. (ବାକ୍ୟ ‘a’ରେ ‘hope’ ଏକ verb(କ୍ରିୟା)ରୂପେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଛି ଯାହାର ଅର୍ଥ ତୁମେ କିଛି ଘଟିବ ବୋଲି ଆଶା କରୁଛ ।)
In sentence ‘b’ it is a noun meaning a chance for something to happen. (ବାକ୍ୟ ‘b’ରେ ଏହା ଏକ ବିଶେଷ୍ୟ ଅଟେ ଯାହାର ଅର୍ଥ କିଛି ଘଟିବାର ଏକ ସମ୍ଭାବନାକୁ ବୁଝାଉଛି ।)

Difference between Noun and Verb
NOUN                                                                                                  VERB
(i) a naming word (ନାମବାଚକ ଶବ୍ଦ)                                                           (i) an action word (କାର୍ଯ୍ୟବାଚକ ଶବ୍ଦ)
(ii) used as a subject or object (କର୍ତ୍ତା ବା କର୍ମରୂପେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ)                         (ii) used as tense (କାଳରୂପେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ)
Example:
The book (ବହିଟି) is our best friend.                                                       Did you book for Angul ?(ବୁକ୍ କରିଛନ୍ତି କି?)
They drink water (ଜଳ) .                                                                         They water (ସେମାନେ ଜଳ ଦିଅନ୍ତି |) plants.
I write on a paper (କାଗଜ) .                                                                     We paper (ଆମେ କାଗଜ କାନ୍ଥ) walls.
This is my little finger (ଆଙ୍ଗୁଠି ).                                                               Don’t finger (ଆଙ୍ଗୁଠି କରନ୍ତୁ) the mobile
Where is the bottle (ବୋତଲ) ?                                                                Mother bottled the pickle. (ବୋତଲରେ ପୂରାଇ ରଖୁ)

Match the sentences in Column A with the meanings of ‘hope’ in Column B.
(Aସ୍ତମ୍ଭରେ ଥ‌ିବା ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସହିତ Bସ୍ତମ୍ଭରେ ଥ‌ିବା ‘hope’ର ଅର୍ଥଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସହିତ ମିଳାଅ ।)

Column – A	Column – B
1. Will you get the subjects you want to study in college? I hope so.	a feeling that something good will probably happen
2. I hope you don’t mind my saying this, but I don’t like the way you are arguing.	thinking that this would happen (It may or may not have happened)
3. This discovery will give new hope to HIV/AIDS sufferers.	stopped believing that this good thing would happen
4. We are hoping against hope that the judges would not notice our mistakes.	wanting something to happen (and thinking it quite possible)
5. I called early in the hope of speaking to her before she went to school.	showing concern that what you say should not offend disturb or  the other person : a way of being polite
6. Just when everybody had given up hope, the fisherman came back seven days after the cyclone.	wishing for something to happen, although this is very unlikely.

Answer:

Column – A	Column – B
1. Will you get the subjects you want to study in college? I hope (verb) so. (ମୁଁ ଆଶା କରୁଛି)	wanting something to happen (and thinking it quite possible)
2. I hope (verb) you don’t mind my saying this, but I don’t like the way you are arguing.	showing concern that what you say should not offend or disturb the other person: a way of being polite.
3. This discovery (ଆବିଷ୍କାର |) will give new hope to Hl V/AIDS sufferers.	a feeling that something good will probably happen.
4. We are hoping against hope (noun) that the judges would not notice our mistakes.	wishing for something to happen although this is very unlikely.
5. I called early in the hope (noun) of speaking to her before she went to school.	thinking that this would happen (It may or may not have happened)
6. Just when everybody had given up hope (noun) the fisherman came back seven days after the cyclone.	stopped believing that this good thing would happen.

Now read the story and make a list of words used as verbs and nouns. Make sentences of your own using them as verbs and nouns in your words.
(ଏବେ ଗପଟିକୁ ପଢ଼ ଏବଂ କ୍ରିୟା ଓ ବିଶେଷଭାବେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଏକ ତାଲିକା କର । ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ କ୍ରିୟା ଓ ବିଶେଷ୍ୟଭାବେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ନିଜ ଭାଷାରେ ବାକ୍ୟ ଗଠନ କର ।)
Answer:
The list of words used as verbs and nouns in the story: are need, water, reply, work, drop, return, rain, help, place, and comment.

need         (N) (V)	We take money from the bank as the need arises. I need a rented house to stay in in Bhubaneswar.
water        (N) (V)	Water is a basic need for human beings. We should water our plants in the afternoon.
reply         (N) (V)	He did not give reply to my letter. He is able to reply to all letters.
work         (N) (V)	Work is worship. He works in a private company
drop          (N) (V)	Every drop of water is useful for us. He dropped the glass which he hold in his hand
return       (N) (V)	He has already submitted his income tax return. He returned home after his work was over.
rain            (N) (V)	The rain continued for two hours. It rained heavily yesterday.
help           (N) (V)	I need your help. He helps me whenever I am in need.
place         (N) (V)	Cuttack is a suitable place to live in. He placed the telephone on a table.
comment  (N) (V)	No unfavorable comment should be made about others. The minister refused to comment on the rumor of his resignation

H. Let’s Listen And Speak:
(ଦୁଇ ଜଣ ଲେଖାଏଁ ବାପା ଏବଂ ପୁଅର ଅଭିନୟ କର । ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ହେଲେ ଏହାକୁ ମା’ ଏବଂ ଝିଅ ଅଭିନୟକୁ ବଦଳାଇ ପାର ।)

Dad: It’s quite late. Go to bed.
Son: I’ve got the final examination tomorrow.
Dad: It’s almost 12.30 at the night. No more argument. Off to bed.
Son: I have a lot to learn yet.
Dad: It’s essential to get your concepts clear.
Son: But I need to make sure that I know everything that’s required.
Dad: Isn’t it necessary to read the books to get the concepts clear?
Son: All right, father.

Read the text and prepare a dialogue like the one given above and play the roles. (ପାଠ୍ୟ ବିଷୟଟିକୁ ପଢ଼ ଏବଂ ଉପରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ବାର୍ତ୍ତାଳାପ ଭଳି ବାର୍ତ୍ତାଳାପଟିଏ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରି ଅଭିନୟ କର ।)

Answer:
Daughter: Mummy, I am going to bed because it is 11.30 p.m.
Mother: Have you finished your home task?
Daughter: Yes, Mum. There was little homework for today. Besides, I completed a part of it at school in my leisure hour.
Mother: Yesterday I met your English teacher at the market. He told that some of your grammar concepts are not clear. He advised giving emphasis on it.
Daughter: I am trying my best to get the concept clear with the help of my teacher.
Mother: All right. You can go now.
Daughter: Good night! Mummy.

I. Lets Learn Language:

(i) Relative Clauses (Adjective Clause) (ବିଶେଷଣ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ):
Look at the following sentence : (ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟଟିକୁ ଦେଖ )

Throughout the morning Lencho – who knew his fields intimately (ଯିଏ ନିଜ କ୍ଷେତଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ଜାଣିଥିଲା) looked at the sky.
This sentence may also be written as: (ଏହି ବାକ୍ୟଟିକୁ ଏପରି ମଧ୍ୟ ଲେଖାଯାଇପାରେ )
All morning Lencho, who knew his fields intimately, looked at the sky.
The underlined parts of the sentences provide us with more information about Lencho and the woman. We call it a Relative Clause. Mark that they begin with a relative pronoun, who. Other common relative pronouns are whom, which, that, and whose.
(ରେଖାଙ୍କିତ ଅଂଶଟି ଆମକୁ ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ବିଷୟରେ ଅଧ‌ିକ ସୂଚନା ପ୍ରଦାନ କରୁଛି । ଏହାକୁ ଆମେ “Relative clause” (ବିଶେଷଣ ଉପବାକ୍ୟ) କହୁ । ଏହା ଏକ ସର୍ବନାମ whoରେ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିବା ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର । who, whom, which, that, whose ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ Relative Pronoun ଅଟନ୍ତି ।)

The relative clause in the above sentence is called a non-defining relative clause because we already know the identity of the person described. We don’t need the information in the relative clause to pick the person out of a larger set. (ଉପରିଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଥ‌ିବା Relative clauseକୁ non-defining Relative clause କୁହାଯାଏ କାରଣ ଆମେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରାଯାଇଥିବା ଲୋକଟିର ପରିଚୟ ବିଷୟରେ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଜାଣିସାରିଛୁ । ଏକ ବୃହତ୍ ପରିସରରୁ ସେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିକୁ ଜାଣିବା ପାଇଁ relative clauseରେ ଥ‌ିବା ସୂଚନା ଆମର ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ନାହିଁ ।)

A.NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE
Non-defining Relative Clause usually has a comma preceding and following it. Some writers use a dash (-) instead (as in the story). If the relative clause comes at the end, we just put a full stop. Non-defining Relative clause 1 666 comma (,) ବିରାମ ଚିହ୍ନଟି ରହେ । କିଛି ଲେଖକ comma ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତେ dash (–) ଚିହ୍ନ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିଥା’ନ୍ତି, ଯେପରିକି ଉକ୍ତ ଗଳ୍ପଟିରେ ଲେଖକ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିଛନ୍ତି । ଯଦି Relative clauseଟି ଶେଷରେ ରହେ ତେବେ ଆମେ ଏକ full stop (ପୂର୍ଷଚ୍ଛେଦ) ଦେଇଥାଉ ।)

A Non-defining Relative clause does not identify its antecedent (noun phrase used before the relative pronoun). (ଯଥା – whose, whom, what, when ଇତ୍ୟାଦିର ଠିକ୍ ପୂର୍ବରୁ 4 noun phrase antecedentକୁ ଚିହ୍ନଟ କରେ ନାହିଁ ।)
It (NDRC) only gives extra or additional information about its antecedent. (NDRC କେବଳ ନିଜର antecedent ବିଷୟରେ ଅତିରିକ୍ତ ସୂଚନା ଦେଇଥାଏ ।)

A clause (ଏକ ଧାରା |) is either a simple sentence or a part of a bigger sentence having subject and predicate. (ଗୋଟିଏ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ ହୁଏତ ଗୋଟିଏ ସରଳବାକ୍ୟ ବା ଏକ ବୃହତ୍ ବାକ୍ୟର ଏକ ଅଂଶ)

Join the pairs of sentences given below using a relative pronoun.(ନିମ୍ନରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ବାକ୍ୟ ଯୁଗ୍ମକୁ Relative pronoun ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ସଂଯୋଗ କର ।)

1. My mother is going to host a T.V. show on cooking.
   She cooks very well.
2. Our institution is highly popular.
   It works for public welfare.
3. Satish scored a goal at the last minute.
   He was fortunate.
4. Mother Teresa is revered as a saint.
   She served mankind.
5. I often go to Mumbai.
   Mumbai is the commercial capital of India.
6. These sportspersons are going to meet the President.
   Their performance has been excellent.

Answer:

1. My mother, who cooks very well, is going to host ( ଉପସ୍ଥାପନ କରିବେ ) a T.V. show on cooking.
2. Our institution, which works for public welfare (ଯାହା ଜନ କଲ୍ୟାଣ ପାଇଁ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରେ |), is highly popular.
3. Satish, who was fortunate (ଭାଗ୍ୟବାନ ), scored a goal in the last minute.
4. Mother Teresa, who served mankind (ମାନବଜାତିର ସେବା କରିଥିଲେ), is revered as a saint.
5. I often go to Mumbai, which is the commercial (ବ୍ୟବସାୟିକ )capital of India.
6. These sports-persons, whose performance has been excellent (କାର୍ଯ୍ୟଦକ୍ଷତା), are going to meet the President.

Sometimes the relative pronoun in a relative clause remains ‘hidden’. For example, look at the first sentence of the story.(ବେଳେବେଳେ Relative clauseରେ Relative pronoun ଲୁକ୍‌କାୟିତ (hidden) ରହେ । ଉଦାହରଣସ୍ୱରୂପ, ଗଳ୍ପର ପ୍ରଥମ ବାକ୍ୟଟିକୁ ଦେଖ ।)

a) The house — the only one in the entire valley — sat on the Crest of a low hill.
We can rewrite the sentence as (without any change in the meaning)
(ଏହି ବାକ୍ୟର କୌଣସି ଅର୍ଥ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ନ କରି ଆମେ ଏପରି ଲେଖିପାରିବା )
The house—which was the only one in the entire valley—sat on the crest of a low hill.
In the original sentence of the text (a) the relative pronoun ‘which’ and the verb ‘was’ are not present (hidden). ପାଠ୍ୟରେ ଥ‌ିବା ମୂଳବାକ୍ୟ (a)66 Relative pronoun ‘which’ କ୍ରିୟା ‘was’ ଉପସ୍ଥିତ ନାହିଁ (ଲୁକ୍‌କାୟିତ ଅଛି) ।)

(ii) Using negatives (ନାସ୍ତିବାଚକ) for emphasis (ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵ ପ୍ରଦାନ) :
We know that sentences with words such as ‘no’, ‘not’, or ‘nothing’ show the absence of something, or contradict something. (ଆମେ ଜାଣୁ ଯେ ‘no’, ‘not’ ବା ‘nothing’ ଭଳି ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଥ‌ିବା ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ କୌଣସି ଜିନିଷର ଅନୁପସ୍ଥିତି ବା ବିରୋଧ କରୁଥ‌ିବା ବିଷୟରେ ସୂଚାଏ ।)
For example — (From the text) (ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟରୁ ଉଦାହରଣସ୍ୱରୂପ )

• This year we will have no corn. (The crops have failed.) (ଫସଲ ହେବ ନାହିଁ)
• (b) The hail has left nothing. (Absence of a crop) (ଶସ୍ୟ ନ ଥ‌ିବା ଅର୍ଥରେ)
• (c) These aren’t raindrops falling from the sky, they are new coins.
  (Contradicts the common idea of what the drops of water falling from the sky are.) (ଆକାଶକୁ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁ ପଡ଼ିବାର ବିପରୀତ ଅର୍ଥରେ )
  But sometimes negative words are used to emphasize an idea. Look at the sentences from story :
  (କିନ୍ତୁ ବେଳେବେଳେ ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ଶବ୍ଦସମୂହ କୌଣସି ଧାରଣାକୁ ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱ ଦେବାକୁ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୋଇଥାଏ । ଗଳ୍ପର ଏହି ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଦେଖ )
• (d) Lencho …. had donc nothing else but see the sky towards the north-east. (He had done only this.) (ସେ କେବଳ ଏହା କରିଥିଲା)
• (e) The man went out for no other reason than to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body. (He had only this reason.) (ତା’ ପାଖରେ କେବଳ ଏହି କାରଣ ଥିଲା)
• (f) Lencho showed not the slightest suprise on seeing the money. (He showed no surprise at all.) (ସେ ଆଦୌ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଭାବନା ଦେଖାଇଲା ନାହିଁ )

Now look back at the example ‘c’. Mark that the contradiction in fact serves to emphasize the value or usefulness of the rain to the farmer.
(ଏବେ ଉଦାହରଣ ‘c’କୁ ଦେଖ । ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟକର ଯେ ତଥ୍ୟର ବିରୁଦ୍ଧତା କୃଷକ ନିମନ୍ତେ ବର୍ଷାର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଉପରେ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵ ଦେବାରେ ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଛି ।)
Find sentences in the story with negative words, which express the following ideas emphatically : (ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ଶବ୍ଦଥ‌ିବା ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଗଳ୍ପରୁ ବାଛ ଯାହାକି ନିମ୍ନୋକ୍ତ ଧାରଣାକୁ ଦୃଢ଼ଭାବେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରୁଥ‌ିବ ।)

(1) The trees lost all their Leaves.
(2) The letter was addressed to God himself.
(3) The postman saw this address for the first time in his life.
Answer:
(1) Not a leaf (ପତ୍ର) remained on the trees.
(2) It was nothing less than a letter to God.
(3) Never in his career as a postman had he known that address.

J. Let’s Write:
Report Writing (ବିବରଣୀ ଲିଖନ)

Read the newspaper report given below. (ନିମ୍ନରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ର ବିବରଣୀ ପଢ଼ ।)
Note the information given at different points. (ବିଭିନ୍ନ ସ୍ଥଳରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ସୂଚନାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଟିପି ରଖ ।)

Title – Rath Yatra pulls in lakhs of devotees to Puri
Source – The Times of India.
Place and date – Puri 22nd June
Topic sentence and introduction – All roads led to Purl on Thursday with lakhs of devotees flocking to the town to participate in the grand Rath Yatra festival. A wave of euphoria swept across the beach town with the reigning
Details of deities the Yatra – commencing their nine-day ‘outing’ from Jagannath shrine to Gundicha temple in a boisterous procession.
Information on the terror threat and stampede –  However, the threat of possible terror attack and the death of two pilgrims allegedly in a stampede cast a shadow on the festivities. There were intelligence reports that some subversive groups might and create trouble during Rath Yatra.
Further details of action taken by the authorities –  “Security was tightened compared to the previous years” the DGP said. “We also appeal to the people to remain alert.” the  DGP added.

Word Notes:

led to Puri – ପୁରୀକୁ ନେଇଗଲା |
Lakhs of devotees – ଲକ୍ଷ ଲକ୍ଷ ଭକ୍ତ
Flocking – ପ୍ରବାହିତ
grand – ଗ୍ରାଣ୍ଡ୍
Wave of euphoria – ଇଉଫୋରିଆର ତରଙ୍ଗ |
swept across – ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା |
beach – ବେଳାଭୂମି
shrine – ଶ୍ରୀକ୍ଷେତ୍ର
with the reigning deities – ଶାସକ ଦେବତାମାନଙ୍କ ସହିତ |
outing – ବାହାଘର
commencing – ଆରମ୍ଭ
allegedly – ଅଭିଯୋଗ ହୋଇଛି
in a boisterous procession – ଏକ ଶୋଭାଯାତ୍ରାରେ |
pilgirm – ତୀର୍ଥଯାତ୍ରୀ
appealed – ଆବେଦନ କରିଥ

1) Now imagine that you are a reporter for ‘The Indian Express’. You have received the news about the recent cyclone that hit Odisha. Using the guidelines given in the box above, complete a similar report for the newspaper.
(ଏବେ କଳ୍ପନା କର ଯେ ତୁମେ ‘The Indian Express’ର ଜଣେ ସାମ୍ବାଦିକ । ଓଡ଼ିଶାକୁ ଅଳ୍ପଦିନ ତଳେ କ୍ଷତିଗ୍ରସ୍ତ କରିଥିବା ବାତ୍ୟା ବିଷୟରେ ତୁମେ ଏକ ସମ୍ବାଦ ପାଇଲ । ଉପରେ କୋଠରିରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ନିର୍ଦେଶଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ର ନିମନ୍ତେ ଏକାପରି ଖବର ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କର ।).
Answer:
The Super Cyclone brings about the unthinkable tragedy
The Indian Express,
Cuttack, 05 November
The super cyclone of the 29th of October in the district brought about an unthinkable tragedy to the people and their property. A large number of trees were uprooted. Thatched houses were blown away and the mud-built houses of the poor people collapsed. Crops were completely destroyed. Livestock died in numbers. Above all, it caused a great loss of lives and properties.
However, government and voluntary organizations geared up to provide relief commodities. Medicines were supplied to the affected people. Helps from all quarters flew continuously.

K.Let’s Know More (Vocabulary):
A. Related words.

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
intimacy	intimate	intimate	intimately
preparation	prepare	preparatory/ prepared	–
prediction	predict	predictable	predictably
destruction	destroy	destructive	destructively
sadness	sadden	sad	sadly
promise	promise	promising	–
approach	approach	approachable	–
expose	expose	exposed	–
Amiability	–	amiable	amiably
charity	–	charitable	charitably
surprise	surprise	surprised/surprising	surprisingly
denial	deny	deniable	–
instruction	instruct	instructive	instructively
confidence	confide	confident	confidently
immediacy	–	immediate	immediately
hunger	–	hungry	hungrily
expression	express	express	expressly
heart	–	hearty	heartily
obligation	oblige	obliging	obligingly
destruction	destroy	destructive	–
resolution	resolve	–	–
correspondence	correspond	corresponding	correspondingly

 

B. A single word for the group of words:
1. a long and narrow area of land between the hills                        – valley
2. the highest part of the hill                                                            – crest
3. scattered over the area                                                                 – dotted with
4. the cutting and gathering of the corn                                          – harvest
5. a heavy fall of rain                                                                         – downpour
6. a short period of light rain                                                            – shower
7. a light meal was taken in the evening                                           – supper
8. a heavy meal was taken at night                                                   – dinner
9. say that something will happen but are not sure                          – predict
10. very big                                                                                        – huge
11. come nearer to someone                                                             – approach
12. cover with a piece of cloth                                                           – drape
13. small balls of ice that fall from the sky                                         – hailstones
14. look like somebody or something                                                – resemble
15. leave oneself expose to open danger                                           – expose
16. that has been turned into ice                                                        -frozen
17. the spiritual past of someone that is believed to continue existing after death – the soul
18. a large number of unpleasant animals or insects                         – plague
19. an insect like a grasshopper                                                         – locust
20. without others, being alone                                                         – solitary
21. unhappy or worried                                                                      – upset
22. a serious lack of food which caused death                                   – hunger
23. the feeling of inside about what is right or wrong                       – conscience
24. a box which is meant for dropping letters                                    – mailbox
25. with great pleasure                                                                       – heartily
26. friendly and pleasant                                                                    – amiable
27. the act of writing letters to someone                                           – correspondence
28. make a remark or criticize                                                             – a comment
29. a firm decision                                                                               – resolution
30. good feelings among people                                                        – goodwill
31. a dishonest person                                                                        – crook
32. being kind and helping people                                                     – charity
33. a feeling of happiness                                                                   – contentment
34. strong faith or trust                                                                       – confidence
35. a man in charge of a post office                                                    – postmaster
36. a man whose job is to collect and deliver letters, parcels, money orders, etc. – a postman
37. a person who has been employed                                                – an employee
38. a very short period of time                                                            – the moment
39. a few, not many                                                                             – several
40. ideas or feelings showing through words or actions                     – expression
41. very bad weather with heavy rain, wind, thunder, and lightning   – storm
42. a storm in which hailstones fall                                                      – hailstorm
43. a violent storm in the tropical region                                             – typhoon
44. an extremely strong wind                                                               – gale
45. a tropical storm in which strong winds move in circles                  – cyclone
46. strong winds in Western Atlantic Ocean                                        – hurricane
47. a funnel-shaped strong winds                                                        – Tornado
48. a strong wind that moves in a spinning movement                       – a whirlwind

C. Opposite words (antonyms) of the following words:

low — high
always — never
intimate — distant, formal
smaller — larger
approach — withdraw
sweet — sour
satisfied — dissatisfied
drape — uncover
strong — weak
cover — uncover
upset (y) — Console
sadness — happiness
solitary — busy, sociable
remember — forget
alive — dead
amiable — unpleasant, unfriendly
goodwill — ill-will, hostility
impossible — possible
usual — unusual
contentment — unhappiness, displeasure
count — uncount
open — close
faith — disbelief, disloyalty, distrust
near — far
pass — fail
ripe — immature, green
good — bad, evil
older — younger
begin (y) — end
fresh — stale
pleasure — pain
regard — disregard
drop — rise, lift
large — small
upset (adj) — calm
destroy — build, create, construct
sorrowful — cheerful
loss — profit
die — live
inside — outside
serious — careless
several — few
able — unable/disable
huge — tiny
confidence — doubt, distrust
public-private
willing — unwilling
resemble — vary, differ, contrast
quickly — slowly
expose — cover, protect, conceal
remain — leave, depart
trouble (n) — luck, pleasure, peace
deny — admit, accept

BSE Odisha 10th Class English The Solitary Reaper Important Questions and Answers

Very Short & Objective Questions With Answers:
Answer The Following Questions In A Word Or A Phrase:

Question 1.
Which country did G.L. Fuentes belong to?
Answer:
Mexico

Question 2.
At what age did G.L. Fuentes start writing?
Answer:
15

Question 3.
What was the only one in the entire valley?
Answer:
Lencho’s house

Question 4.
What was flowing by the low hill?
Answer:
the river

Question 5.
What was dotted with the flowers?
Answer:
the field of ripe corn

Question 6.
When did Lencho look at the sky in the northeast direction?
Answer:
in the morning

Question 7.
‘Now we’re really going to get some water, woman.’ Who is the ‘woman’ here?
Answer:
Lencho’s wife

Question 8.
Who was working in the field?
Answer:
the older boys

Question 9.
How long were the little boys playing?
Answer:
till dinner

Question 10.
How was the air when it started raining?
Answer:
fresh and sweet

Question 11.
What did Lencho consider the raindrops?
Answer:
new coins

Question 12.
What began to fall along with the rain?
Answer:
very large hailstones

Question 13.
What did the large hailstones resemble?
Answer:
new silver coins

Question 14.
What did the boys collect when hailstones began to fall?
Answer:
the frozen pearls

Question 15.
“I hope it passed quickly.” What does ‘it’ refer to?
Answer:
the hailstones

Question 16.
How long did the hailstorm continue?
Answer:
for an hour

Question 17.
What was totally destroyed due to a hailstorm?
Answer:
corn

Question 18.
What were Lencho’s sons filled with after a hailstorm?
Answer:
sadness

Question 19.
What was that night like?
Answer:
sorrowful

Question 20.
“All our work, for nothing.” To whom did Lencho say so?
Answer:
to his sons

Question 21.
What was the single hope in that solitary home?
Answer:
help from God

Question 22.
What can see everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience?
Answer:
God’s eyes

Question 23.
How was Lencho working in the fields?
Answer:
like an animals

Question 24.
How much money did Lencho need?
Answer:
hundred pesos

Question 25.
What did Lencho write on the envelope?
Answer:
To Gode

Question 26.
Who dropped the letter into the mailbox?
Answer:
Lencho

Question 27.
The postman went to his boss laughing heartily. Who is the ‘boss’ here?
Answer:
the postmaster

Question 28.
Who had in his career never known that address?
Answer:
the postman

Question 29.
What was the postmaster like?
Answer:
a fat amiable person

Question 30.
“What a faith !” who said this?
Answer:
the postmaster

Question 31.
Where did the postmaster tap the letter?
Answer:
on his desk

Question 32.
Who opened Lencho’s letter to God?
Answer:
the postmaster

Question 33.
What did the postmaster stick to?
Answer:
his resolution

Question 34.
How much money did the postmaster himself give?
Answer:
a part of his salary

Question 35.
What did the letter to Lencho contain?
Answer:
only a single word as a signature: God

Question 36.
Who handed the letter to Lencho the following Sunday?
Answer:
the postman

Question 37.
Who was experiencing the contentment of a man who had performed a good deed?
Answer:
the postmaster

Question 38.
Who had unflinching faith in God?
Answer:
Lencho

Question 39.
What did Lencho ask for near the window of the post office?
Answer:
paper and ink

Question 40.
Where did Lencho write his second letter to God?
Answer:
on the public writing table.

Fill In The Blanks With Right Words:

1. The lonely house of Lencho sat on ___________.
Answer:
the crest of low hill

2. The ripe corn field always promised ___________.
Answer:
a good harvest

3. The only thing the earth needed was a ___________.
Answer:
a downpour or at least a shower

4. Lencho had predicted big drops of rain during ___________.
Answer:
the meal

5. Lencho compared raindrops with ___________.
Answer:
new coins

6. The big raindrops are ___________ cent pieces.
Answer:
10

7. ___________ began to blow suddenly.
Answer:
A strong wind

8. Along with the rain ___________ began to fall.
Answer:
large hailstones

9. Hailstones resembled ___________.
Answer:
new silver coins

10. Lencho’s cornfield looked white as if covered with ___________.
Answer:
salt

11. ___________ were gone from the plants.
Answer:
Flowers

12. Lencho’s soul was filled with ___________.
Answer:
sadness

13. The children went out to collect ___________ in the rain.
Answer:
frozen pearls

14. With a ___________ Lencho regarded the field of ripe corn with its flowers draped in a curtain of rain.
Answer:
satisfied expression

15. Lencho’s family lived in the ___________ house in the middle of the valley.
Answer:
solitary

16. ___________ was a single hope of Lencho.
Answer:
With the help of God

17. ‘Don’t be so upset’ Lencho said this to his ___________.
Answer:
family

18. Lencho thought only of one hope. That is ___________.
Answer:
the help of God

19. God sees what is deep in one’s ___________.
Answer:
conscience

20. Lencho was ___________.
Answer:
anoxia man

21. Lencho began to write a letter to God at ___________ on the following Sunday.
Answer:
daybreak

22. The synonym of ‘upset’ is ___________.
Answer:
disturbed

23. The antonym of ‘drape’ is ___________.
Answer:
reveal/unwrap

24. People say no one dies of ___________.
Answer:
hunger

25. According to Lencho a plague of ___________ would have left more than this.
Answer:
locusts

26. Lencho carried his first letter to ___________.
Answer:
town

27. Lencho asked God ___________ pesos in his first letter.
Answer:
100

28. Lencho wrote ___________ on the envelope of the first letter.
Answer:
To God

29. After placing a stamp on the envelope, he dropped it into ___________.
Answer:
the mailbox

30. One of the employees refers to ___________.
Answer:
the postman

31. The postmaster was a ___________ fellow.
Answer:
amiable

32. The postmaster immediately turned ___________ after tapping the letter on his desk.
Answer:
serious

33. What faith! It is a ___________ on Lencho.
Answer:
comment

34. Synonym of ‘Correspondence’ is ___________.
Answer:
accord/equivalence

35. Lencho demanded hundred pesos in order to ___________ his field again.
Answer:
sow

36. Small balls of ice that fall to the ground with rain is called ___________.
Answer:
hailstones

37. ___________ read the first letter of Lencho.
Answer:
Postmaster

38. The antonymn of ‘amiable’ is ___________.
Answer:
unfriendly/disgraceful

39. To answer the letter the postmaster needed ___________ than goodwill, ink, and paper.
Answer:
something more

40. The Postmaker stuck to his ____________.
Answer:
resolution

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQS) WITH ANSWERS
Pick out the correct alternative.

Question 1.
Who was Lencho?
(A) A postman
(B) A postmaster
(C) A farmer
(D) A laborer
Answer:
(C) A farmer

Question 2.
Lencho hoped Lorraine because ___________.
(A) the weather was rather hot.
(B) the crop in his field badly needed water
(C) there was a drought in Mexico
(D) he would sow seeds in his field
Answer:
(B) the crop in his field badly needed water

Question 3.
After the destruction caused by the hailstorm. Lencho was worried about ___________.
(A) his children
(B) the shortage of food for the entire year
(C) the crops destroyed by the hailstorms
(D) the pleasant days to come in future
Answer:
(B) the shortage of food for the entire year

Question 4.
Who was deeply moved by Lencho’s faith in God?
(A) the postman
(B) the postmaster
(C) the children
(D) the woman
Answer:
(B) the postmaster

Question 5.
Lencho lived on the crest of a ___________.
(A) mountain
(B) hill
(C) hillock
(D) plateau
Answer:
(C) hillock

Question 6.
Lencho did not try to find out the real sender of the money because ___________.
(A) he was dreaming about the happy days ahead
(B) he had deep faith in God
(C) he was heartbroken at the loss of crops
(D) he was very ungrateful
Answer:
(B) he had deep faith in God

Question 7.
When Lencho counted the money, he became angry and had all doubts about ___________.
(A) the postmaster
(B) the postman
(C) his wife and his sons
(D) the people working in the post office.
Answer:
(D) the people working in the post office.

Question 8.
Lencho blamed the post office employees because ___________.
(A) they did not help his family
(B) he had great faith in God
(C) the post office employees had stolen a part of the money.
(D) they didn’t deliver the letter on time.
Answer:
(C) the post office employees had stolen a part of the money

Question 9.
The postmaster along with the post office employees sent Lencho the money because ___________.
(A) they were related to each other
(B) it was an act of kindness and selflessness
(C) the postmaster was a rich man
(D) he was the victim of the hailstorm
Answer:
(B) it was an act of kindness and selflessness

Question 10.
In the story ‘ The rain turned into hailstorm’ implies ___________.
(A) the conflict between the postman and the postmaster
(B) the conflict between man and nature
(C) the conflict between his wife and children
(D) the conflict between the storm and the crops
Answer:
(B) the conflict between man and nature

Question 11.
From the height of the low hill, one could see ____________.
(A) the stream and the brook
(B) the river and the cornfield
(C) the garden with trees in the valley
(D) the hut and the trees
Answer:
(B) the river and the cornfield

Question 12.
Lencho looked at the sky towards the ____________.
(A) south-west
(B) south-east
(C) north-west
(D) north-east
Answer:
(D) north-east

Question 13.
Lencho thought that the only thing that the earth needed was ___________.
(A) a downpour
(B) a shower
(C) a storm
(D) a hailstorm
Answer:
(A) a downpour

Question 14.
The older boys were working in ___________.
(A) the woman
(B) crops
(C) Lencho
(D) raindrops
Answer:
(D) raindrops

Question 15.
The smaller boys were playing ____________.
(A) in the playground
(B) in the meadow
(C) near the house
(D) in the park
Answer:
(C) near the house

Question 16.
Big drops of rain began to fall during ___________.
(A) the dinner
(B) the supper
(C) the lunch
(D) the breakfast
Answer:
(B) the supper

Question 17.
Huge mountains of clouds could be seen approaching ___________.
(A) in the south-east
(B) in the north-west
(C) in the south-west
(D) in the north-east
Answer:
(D) in the north-east

Question 18.
When big drops of rain began to fall, Lencho went out to have the pleasure of feeling the rain ___________.
(A) on his head
(B) on his hand
(C) on his body
(D) on his legs
Answer:
(C) on his body

Question 19.
Lencho said that the big raindrops were like ____________ cent pieces.
(A) five
(B) ten
(C) twenty
(D) fifty
Answer:
(B) ten

Question 20.
After the hailstorm. Lencho’s cornfield was covered with __________________
(A) clouds
(B) locusts
(C) hailstones
(D) salt
Answer:
(C) hailstones

Question 21.
The expression ‘frozen pearls’ refers to ___________.
(A) locusts
(B) crops
(C) hailstones
(D) raindrops
Answer:
(C) hailstones

Question 22.
The hailstones looked like __________.
(A) old gold coins
(B) new copper coins
(C) new silver coins
(D) old bronze coins
Answer:
(C) new silver coins

Question 23.
‘All our work for nothing’ said by year said by ___________.
(A) Lencho
(B) the woman
(C) the small boys
(D) the older boys
Answer:
(C) the small boys

Question 24.
We’ll go hungry __________.
(A) fruitless
(B) the postman
(C) flowerless
(D) the boys
Answer:
(A) fruitless

Question 25.
Lencho’s field looked as if it was covered with ____________.
(A) cotton
(B) snow
(C) foam
(D) salt
Answer:
(D) salt

Question 26.
The hail rained for __________.
(A) an hour
(B) two hours
(C) three hours
(D) four hours
Answer:
(A) an hour

Question 27.
The hailstorm made the plants ___________.
(A) the dinner
(B) the supper
(C) the lunch
(D) the breakfast
Answer:
(B) the supper

Question 28.
What time did Lencho write the letter to God?
(A) at sunset
(B) at dusk
(C) at daybreak
(D) at night
Answer:
(C) at daybreak

Question 29.
Lencho preferred ___________ to hailstorm.
(A) downpour
(B) ox
(C) mosquitoes
(D) locusts
Answer:
(D) locusts

Question 30.
God can see everything even what is ___________.
(A) heart
(B) conscience
(C) mind
(D) personality
Answer:
(B) conscience

Vocabulary
Do As Directed:

Question 1.
They are dishonest people. (Substitute a single word for the underlined words)
Answer:
crooks

Question 2.
He expressed his satisfaction. (Substitute a single word for the underlined word)
Answer:
contentment

Question 3.
Scattered over an area (Write a single word)
Answer:
dotted with

Question 4.
Lencho lived in a solitary house. The underlined word means __________.
Answer:
lonely

Question 5.
Mr. Kar is working in an ____________ organization. (Fill in the blank with a word opposite to public)
Answer:
private

Question 6.
Dr. Goutam Maharana is a friendly and pleasant young man. (Substitute a single word for the underlined part)
Answer:
amiable

Question 7.
Lencho said, “Don’t be upset.” Here ‘upset’ means __________. (Fill up the blanks)
Answer:
disturbed

Question 8.
In spring we __________the swimming pool. (Fill in the blank with a word opposite to ‘cover’)
Answer:
uncover

Question 9.
Aditya expressed his __________ to see the evils. (Fill in the blank with a word opposite to ‘pleasure’)
Answer:
displeasure

Question 10.
The ____________ of the meteorologists came true. (Fill in the blank with a word related to ‘predict’)
Answer:
prediction

Question 11.
The bombs caused a lot of __________. (Fill in the blank with a word related to ‘destroy’)
Answer:
destruction

Question 12.
With a satisfied __________, he looked at his cornfield. (Fill in the blank with the noun form of ‘express’)
Answer:
expression

Question 13.
He can foretell the future. (Substitute a single word for the underlined portion)
Answer:
predict

Question 14.
But he stuck to his resolution. Here ‘resolution’ means __________. (Fill up the blanks)
Answer:
firm decision

Question 15.
Nobody likes __________ people. (Fill in the blank with a word opposite to ‘honest’)
Answer:
dishonest

Question 16.
God sees everything, even what is deep in one’s inner sense of right or wrong. A single word for the underlined expression will be ___________.
Answer:
conscience

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Answer the following question in about 50 words.

Question 1.
Who was Lencho? What was he like?
Answer:
Lencho was a farmer who lived with his family in a solitary house on the top of a low hill. He was very poor and innocent. He was very hardworking. He knew his fields well and worked there like an animal. No doubt he was literate and he was able to read and write. Besides he had firm faith in God.

Question 2.
Why did Lencho keep on looking at the sky throughout the morning?
Answer:
Lencho was a poor farmer who knew his com fields closely. He could see his fields of ripe com full of flowers that always promised a good harvest. He hoped for a downpour or at least a shower of rain for his fields of ripe corn. So Lencho kept on looking at the sky towards the northeast throughout the morning.

Question 3.
How was Lencho’s cornfield destroyed?
(Or)
What was the effect of the hailstorm on Lencho’s cornfield?
Answer:
Just as Lencho had predicted, big drops of rain began to fall at night. His joy knew no bounds as the water was badly necessary for his field. But soon a strong wind began to blow and along with the rain very large hailstones began to fall. It continued for an hour. The field was completely covered with hailstones. As a result, the com was totally destroyed.

Question 4.
What did Lencho predict? How was it materialized?
Answer:
Once Lencho felt the necessity of a shower of rain for his com field in order to have a good harvest. So one morning he kept on looking at the sky towards the northeast anticipating a downpour or a shower. He was sure about it in the afternoon and informed his wife all about it. His imagination materialized when he was taking his meal. Big drops of rain began to fall and in the northeast huge mountains of clouds could be seen approaching.

Question 5.
Why did Lencho say that the raindrops were like new coins?
Answer:
Lencho’s ripe corn field was badly in need of rain and he had been anxiously waiting for the raindrops for a long time, as a shower of rain had great importance for him. In the northeast huge mountains of clouds approached and then the air became fresh and sweet. Lencho went out for no other reason than to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body. When he returned home, he exclaimed that those raindrops were like new silver coins.

Question 6.
Why didn’t Lencho’s happiness last long?
Answer:
It began to rain at night just as Lencho had predicted before. He was delighted to see it. He came out and felt the pleasure of rain on his own body. But due to the irony of his fate, his happiness didn’t last long. Soon large hailstones began to fall along with a strong wind. The hail rained in the valley for an hour which snatched away all his happiness.

Question 7.
Why did Lencho prefer locusts to the storm?
Answer:
Locusts are a kind of insects that eat crops and vegetables. They fly in large numbers and eat up some crops and then leave the fields. But the storm came and spoiled the whole of the ripe corps in the Lencho’s corn field. So Lencho preferred locusts to the storm because the locusts would not have caused so much damage to the crops as the storm had done.

Question 8.
Why did Lencho write a letter to God?
(Or)
Why did Lencho write a letter to God? What did he pray to him?
Answer:
Lencho had deep faith in Almighty God. He was sure that God would certainly help him during his distress. When all his com fields were destroyed by the hailstones, Lencho’s heart was filled with sorrow. He became helpless and depended on God who might save his family from starvation and hunger throughout the year. Since he had a single hope: hope from God, he wrote a letter to Him asking for a hundred pesos to sow his field again and feed his family until the next crop came.

Question 9.
What was the only hope in everybody’s heart?
Answer:
The only hope in everybody’s heart was that God would certainly help them as God sees everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience. So the following Sunday at daybreak Lencho wrote a letter to God praying to Him to send him a hundred pesos so that he could sow his field again and feed his family until the next crop came.

Question 10.
What did the employees feel after receiving Lencho’s letter to God?
Answer:
The postman laughed heartily when he saw the letter addressed to God. Career as a postman had he known that address. The postmaster also broke out laughing. Soon he became serious and tapped the letter on his desk. He was astonished to see Lencho’s deep faith in God.

Question 11.
WhatdidLenchowritetoGodinhis first letter?
Answer:
Lencho’s com field was totally destroyed by the hailstorm. So he thought that his family would go hungry that year. He hoped that God would help him. He made a humble prayer to God to help him otherwise his family would go without food that year. He also wrote that he needed a hundred pesos to sow his field again and to live until the next crop came.

Question 12.
What was Lencho’s reaction after the hailstorm?
Answer:
After the hailstorm, Lencho was disheartened to see his com field which was completely destroyed. He thought of himself as well as of his family members. He realized that his family would go hungry that year. He expressed it before his sons. He also knew it well that no one could help them there. He consoled his family as he had deep faith in God.

Question 13.
What did Lencho write to God in his last letter?
Answer:
In his last letter Lencho wrote to God that of the money that he asked for, only seventy pesos reached him. He requested God to send him the rest amount since he needed it very much. He also asked Him to send it to him not through the mail as the post office employees were a bunch of crooks.

Question 14.
What was Lencho’s reaction when he received the letter from the post office?
(Or)
What was Lencho’s reaction to the reply to his letter?
Answer:
Lencho’s expectation of getting a reply from God came true when he received the letter from the postman. He was not at all surprised to see it as he had firm faith in God. He confidently opened it and counted the money. Soon he got angry as it was less than a hundred pesos. He never suspected God rather he suspected the integrity of the employees of the post office.

Question 15.
What would have been the reaction of the postal employees if they had read Lencho’s second letter?
Answer:
Lencho’s second letter to God contained a statement of his dissatisfaction with the postal employees. The second letter written by Lencho was the accusation of cheating on the money from the parcel by them. If they had read the second letter sent by Lencho, they would have strongly blamed him and would have considered him ungrateful.

Question 16.
Why did the postmaster send money to Lencho?
Answer:
The postmaster was an amiable person, who praised Lencho for his deep faith in God. He decided to answer the letter. He went through the letter and found that his family would go hungry that year and needed a hundred pesos in order to sow his fields again. When he knew that it needed not merely goodwill, but financial help, he gave a part of his salary and collected money from several of his employees and some more money from his friends as an act of charity.

Question 17.
Why did Lencho’s field look white after the storm?
Answer:
Suddenly a strong wind began to blow along with a heavy shower of rain. Soon very large hailstones began falling from the sky. The rain continued for an hour. Unfortunately, the strong wind turned into a hailstorm. The hailstones rained for an hour and fell on Lencho’s house, the garden, the hillside, the corn field, and the entire valley. So his cornfield became full of hailstones and looked white as if it was covered with salt.

Question 18.
Why did Lencho call the post office employees a bunch of crooks’?
Answer:
Lencho was very sure that God could neither make a mistake nor deny him what he had asked for. His confidence in God was so deep that he expected to get a hundred pesos positively. When he received the letter from God, he eagerly counted the money. He found that there were only seventy pesos in the envelope. He suspected that the post office employees were dishonest persons, who must have taken the remaining part of the money. For this reason, he called the post office employees a bunch of crooks.

Question 19.
How does the writer describe two kinds of conflicts in the story ‘A Letter to God’?
Answer:
There are two kinds of conflict described in the story. Firstly Lencho’s com field was destroyed by a hailstorm and thereby Lencho became helpless. It is the conflict between Nature and man. Even though the postmaster and other employees collected money and managed to send seventy pesos to Lencho, as an act of kindness, Lencho blamed them for taking away a part of his money. This statement reflects that Lencho didn’t have faith in man. So it is the conflict between man and man.

A letter to God Summary in English

Lead-In:
It is believed that faith can move mountains. People live in faith. Particularly people have faith in God. People endure misfortunes because of their faith for the commencement of a better time. Faith keeps us alive and makes us optimistic. Here, in the present context, Lencho is a farmer who has firm faith in God. He writes a letter to God during his distress and asks for some financial assistance. Though it doesn’t reach its destination, still the poor farmer gets a part of his request. He couldn’t disbelieve it.

Paragraph-wise Explanation:
Para: The house-the only one in the entire valley – sat on the crest of a low hill. From this height, one would see the river and the field of ripe corn dotted with the flowers that always promised a good harvest. The only thing the earth needed was a downpour or at least a shower. Throughout the morning Lencho – who knew his fields intimately- had done nothing else but see the sky towards the northeast.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସମଗ୍ର ଉପତ୍ୟକାରେ ଥ‌ିବା ଏକମାତ୍ର ଘରଟି ଗୋଟିଏ ନିମ୍ନ ପାହାଡ଼ର ଉପରିଭାଗରେ ଥିଲା । ଏହି ଉଚ୍ଚତାରୁ ଯେ କେହି ନଦୀ ଏବଂ ବିସ୍ତୀର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଞ୍ଚଳ ପରିବ୍ୟାପ୍ତ ଫୁଲ ଉଡ଼ାଉଥ‌ିବା ପାଚିଲା ଶସ୍ୟକ୍ଷେତ୍ର ଦେଖପାରିବ ଯାହାକି ସବୁବେଳେ ଭଲ ଫସଲ ଅମଳ ଦେବାର ଆଶା ସଞ୍ଚାର ଅସରାଏ କେବଳ ପୃଥ‌ିବୀ ମୂଷଳ ଧାରାରେ ବୃଷ୍ଟି କିମ୍ବା ଅତି ଭାବରେ ଜାଣିଥୁଲା ବର୍ଷା ଦରକାର କରୁଥିଲା । ଲେଞ୍ଚେ ଯିଏକି ତା’ର କ୍ଷେତକୁ ଭଲ କମ୍‌ରେ କରାଇଥାଏ । ସାରା ସକାଳ କେବଳ ଉତ୍ତର-ପୂର୍ବ ଆକାଶକୁ ଚାହିଁବା ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଅନ୍ୟ କିଛି ହିଁ କରି ନଥିଲା ।

Para: “Now we’re really going to get some water, woman. ” The woman who was preparing supper, replied, “Yes, God willing “. The older boys were working in the field, while the smaller ones were playing near the house until the woman called to them all, “Come for dinner”. It was during the meal that, just as Lencho had predicted, big drops of rain began to fall. In the northeast, huge mountains of clouds could be seen approaching. The air was fresh and sweet. The man went out for no other reason than to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body, and when he returned he exclaimed, “These aren’t raindrops falling from the sky, they are new coins. The big drops are ten cent pieces and the little ones are fives.”
ଅନୁବାଦ : ‘‘ହେ ନାରୀ, ଏବେ ବାସ୍ତବରେ ଆମେ କିଛି ପାଣି ପାଇବାକୁ ଯାଉଛେ !’’ ଯେଉଁ ସ୍ତ୍ରୀଲୋକଟି ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାକାଳୀନ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରୁଥିଲେ ସେ ଉତ୍ତର ଦେଲେ, ‘ହଁ, ଈଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଇଚ୍ଛା ।’’ ବୟସ୍କ ବାଳକମାନେ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ କାମ କରୁଥିଲେ, ଯେତେବେଳେ କି ସାନ ସାନ ପିଲାମାନେ ଘର ପାଖରେ ଖେଳୁଥିଲେ । ସ୍ତ୍ରୀଲୋକଟି ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କୁ ‘ଖାଇବ ଆସ’ ବୋଲି ଡାକିଲେ । ଠିକ୍ ଯେପରି ଲେ ଭବିଷ୍ୟବାଣୀ କରିଥିଲା, ଖାଇବା ଚାଲିଥିବା ସମୟରେ ସେହିପରି ବଡ଼ ବଡ଼ ବର୍ଷା ବିନ୍ଦୁମାନ ପଢ଼ିବା ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଦେଲା । ଉତ୍ତର-ପୂର୍ବାକାଶରେ ବିରାଟ ପର୍ବତ ଆକାରର ବାଦଲ ଖଣ୍ଡମାନ ମାଡ଼ି ଆସୁଥିବାର ଦେଖାଯାଉଥିଲା । ପବନ ଖୁବ୍ ସତେଜ ଓ ଆନନ୍ଦଦାୟକ ଥିଲା । ଲୋକଟି ଅନ୍ୟ କୌଣସି କାରଣ ପାଇଁ ନୁହେଁ, କେବଳ ତା’ ଶରୀରରେ ବର୍ଷା ସ୍ପର୍ଶର ଆନନ୍ଦ ଉପଭୋଗ କରିବାକୁ ବାହାରକୁ ଚାଲିଗଲା ଏବଂ ଫେରିବା ସମୟରେ ଆବେଗରେ କହି ପକାଇଲା, ‘‘ଆକାଶରୁ ଝରି ପଡୁଥ‌ିବା ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁ ନୁହେଁ, ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନୂତନ ମୁଦ୍ରା । ବଡ଼ ବଡ଼ ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଦଶ ସେଣ୍ଟ୍ ମୁଦ୍ରା (ଆମେରିକୀୟ ମୁଦ୍ରା) ଏବଂ ଛୋଟ ବର୍ଷାବିନ୍ଦୁଗୁଡ଼ିକ ପାଞ୍ଚ ସେଣ୍ଟ୍ ମୁଦ୍ରା ସଦୃଶ ।’’

Para: With a satisfied expression he regarded the field of ripe corn with its flower, draped in a curtain of rain. But suddenly a strong wind began to blow and along with the rain very large hailstones began to fall. These truly did resemble new silver coins. The boys, exposing themselves to the rain, ran out to collect the frozen pearls.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସନ୍ତୋଷଜନକ ଅଭିବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ସହ ସେ ପାଚିଲା ଶସ୍ୟକ୍ଷେତ ତା’ ଫୁଲ ସହ ବର୍ଷାରୂପକ ପରଦାରେ ଆବୃତ ହୋଇଯାଇଛି ବୋଲି ଲେଞ୍ଝା ଭାବୁଥିଲା । କିନ୍ତୁ ହଠାତ୍ ପ୍ରବଳ ବେଗରେ ଶକ୍ତିଶାଳୀ ପବନ ବହିବାକୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲା ଏବଂ ବର୍ଷା ସହିତ ବଡ଼ ବଡ଼ କୁଆପଥର ଖଣ୍ଡସବୁ ପଡ଼ିବା ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେଲା । ବାସ୍ତବରେ କୁଆପଥରଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନୂଆ ରୁପା ମୁଦ୍ରାଭଳି ଦେଖାଯାଉଥିଲା । ବର୍ଷାରେ ଭିଜିଭିଜି ପିଲାମାନେ ବରଫ ମୁକ୍ତାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ସଂଗ୍ରହ କରିବାପାଇଁ ବାହାରକୁ ଦୌଡ଼ିଲେ ।

Para: “It’s really getting bad now “, exclaimed the man, “I hope it passes quickly. ” It did not pass quickly. For an hour the hail rained on the house, the garden, the hillside, the cornfield, on the whole valley. The field was white as if covered with salt.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଲୋକଟି ବିସ୍ମୟର ସହ କହିଲା, ‘ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ପ୍ରକୃତରେ କିଛି ଖରାପ ଘଟିବାକୁ ଯାଉଛି ଏବଂ ମୁଁ ଆଶା କରୁଛି ଏହା ଖୁବ୍ ଶୀଘ୍ର ଚାଲିଯିବ ।’’ କିନ୍ତୁ ଏହା ଶୀଘ୍ର ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା ନାହିଁ । ଦୀର୍ଘ ଏକଘଣ୍ଟା ଧରି ଘର ଉପରେ, ବଗିଚାରେ, ପାହାଡ଼ କଡ଼ରେ, ଶସ୍ୟକ୍ଷେତରେ ତଥା ସମଗ୍ର ଉପତ୍ୟକାରେ କୁଆପଥର ବୃଷ୍ଟି ହେଲା । ଶସ୍ୟକ୍ଷେତଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଲୁଣଦ୍ୱାରା ଆବୃତ ହେବାଭଳି ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଧଳା ଦେଖାଯାଉଥିଲା ।

Para: Not a leaf remained on the trees. The corn was totally destroyed. The flowers were gone from the plants. Lencho’s soul was filled with sadness. When the storm had passed, he stood in the middle of the field and said to his sons, “A plague of locusts would have left more than this. The hail has left nothing, this year we will have no corn.”
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଗଛଗୁଡ଼ିକରେ ପତ୍ରଟିଏ ମଧ୍ଯ ରହିଲା ନାହିଁ । ଶସ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ନଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇଗଲା । ଶସ୍ୟଗଛଗୁଡ଼ିକରୁ ଫୁଲସବୁ ଝଡ଼ି ପଡ଼ିଲା । ଲେଞ୍ଚୋର ଆତ୍ମା ଦୁଃଖରେ ଭରିଗଲା । ଯେତେବେଳେ ଝଡ଼ ଚାଲିଗଲା, ସେ କ୍ଷେତ ମଝିରେ ଛିଡ଼ା ହୋଇ ତା’ର ପୁଅମାନଙ୍କୁ କହିଲା, ‘‘ପଙ୍ଗପାଳ ଉପଦ୍ରବ କରିଥିଲେ ହୁଏତ ଏହାଠାରୁ ଅଧିକ ଛାଡ଼ି ଦେଇଥା’ନ୍ତେ । କୁଆପଥର ବୃଷ୍ଟି କିଛି ଛାଡ଼ିଯାଇ ନାହିଁ । ଏବର୍ଷ ଆମେ ଆଦୌ ଶସ୍ୟ ପାଇବା ନାହିଁ ।

Para: That night was a sorrowful one.
“All our work, for nothing. ”
“There’s no one who can help us. ”
“We’ll all go hungry this year.”
But in the hearts of all who lived in that solitary house in the middle of the valley, there was a single hope: help from God.
“Don’t be so upset, even though this seems like a total loss. Remember, no one dies of hunger.”
That’s what they say : no one dies of hunger.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସେହି ରାତିଟି ଏକ ଦୁଃଖଦ ରାତି ଥିଲା । ‘‘ଆମର ସମସ୍ତ ଶ୍ରମ ନିରର୍ଥକ ହେଲା ।’’ ‘‘ଆମକୁ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିପାରିବା ଭଳି କେହି ନାହାନ୍ତି ।’’ ‘‘ଏବର୍ଷ ଆମେ ଭୋକିଲା ରହିବା ।’’ମାତ୍ର ଉପତ୍ୟକାର ମଧ୍ୟଭାଗସ୍ଥିତ ସେହି ନିଃସଙ୍ଗ ଘରଟିରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିବା ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କ ହୃଦୟରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ମାତ୍ର
ଆଶା ଥିଲା ; ଭଗବାନ୍‌ଙ୍କଠାରୁ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତି ।“‘ବିଚଳିତ ହୁଅ ନାହିଁ, ଯଦିଓ ଏହା ଏକ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କ୍ଷତି ଭଳି ଜଣାପଡ଼ୁଛି । ମନେରଖ, କେହି ଭୋକରେ ମରନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ।”’‘କେହି ଭୋକରେ ମରେ ନାହିଁ – ଏପରି ସେମାନେ କହନ୍ତି ।’’

Para: All through the night, Lencho thought only of one hope: the help of God, whose eyes, as he had been instructed, see everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience. Lencho was an ox of a man, working like an animal in the fields, but still, he knew how to write. The following Sunday, at daybreak, he began to write a letter which he himself would carry to town and place in the mail. It was nothing less than a letter to God.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ରାତିସାରା ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କେବଳ ସେଇ ଗୋଟିଏ ଆଶା, ଈଶ୍ବରଙ୍କ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କଥା ଭାବୁଥୁଲା, ଯାହାଙ୍କର ଆଖ୍ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଯେପରି କୁହାଯାଇଛି ସବୁକିଛି ଦେଖେ ଏପରିକି ଜଣକର ଗଭୀର ହୃଦୟରେ କ’ଣ ଅଛି ଦେଖାରେ । ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କଠିନ ପରିଶ୍ରମୀ ଥିଲା ଓ ସେ ତା’ର ଜମିରେ ବଳଦ ଭଳି ଖଟୁଥିଲା, କିନ୍ତୁ ତଥାପି ସେ ଲେଖୁବା ଜାଣିଥିଲା । ତା’ ପରବର୍ତୀ ରବିବାର ସକାଳୁ ସେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଚିଠି ଲେଖିବାକୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲା, ଯାହାକୁ ସେ ନିଜେ ସହରକୁ ନେଲା ଓ ଡାକରେ ପକାଇ ଆସିଲା । ଏହା ଈଶ୍ଵରଙ୍କ ନିକଟକୁ ଏକ ପତ୍ର ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଅନ୍ୟ କିଛି ନ ଥିଲା ।

Para: “God,” he wrote, “if you don’t help me, my family and I will go hungry this year. I need a hundred pesos in order to sow my field again and to live until the crop comes, because of the hailstorm…. ”
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସେ ଲେଖୁଥିଲା, ‘ହେ ଈଶ୍ଵର, ଯଦି ଆପଣ ମୋତେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ନ କରନ୍ତି, ତେବେ ଏବର୍ଷ ମୋ ପରିବାର ଓ ମୁଁ ଭୋକରେ ରହିବୁ । ଜମିରେ ପୁନର୍ବାର ବିହନ ବୁଣିବାପାଇଁ ଓ ଫସଲ ଅମଳ ହେବା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ବଞ୍ଚିବା ପାଇଁ ମୋର ଏକ ଶହ ପୋସୋ (ଲାଟିନ୍‌ ଆମେରିକାର ମୁଦ୍ରା) ଆବଶ୍ୟକ କାରଣ କୁଆପଥର ……”’

Para: He wrote “To God’ on the envelope, put the letter inside, and, still troubled, went to town. At the post office, he placed a stamp on the letter and dropped it into the mailbox.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସେ ଲଫାପା ଉପରେ “To God” (ଈଶ୍ବରଙ୍କୁ) ବୋଲି ଲେଖୁଲା, ଚିଠିଟିକୁ ତା’ ଭିତରେ ରଖିଲା, ତଥାପି ଶଙ୍କାକୁଳ ମନରେ ସହରକୁ ଗଲା । ଡାକଘରେ ସେ ଚିଠି ଉପରେ ଟିକଟ ଲଗାଇଲା ଓ ଡାକବାକ୍ସ ଭିତରେ ସେଇଟିକୁ ପକାଇଦେଲା ।

Para: One of the employees, who was a postman and also helped at the post office, went to his boss laughing heartily, and showed him the letter to God. Never in his career as a postman had he known that address. The postmaster – a fat, amiable fellow also broke out laughing, but almost immediately he turned serious and, tapping the letter on his desk, commented, “What faith! I wish I had the faith in the man who wrote this letter. Starting up a correspondence with God !”
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଜଣେ କର୍ମଚାରୀ, ଯିଏକି ଜଣେ ଡାକବାଲା ଥୁଲା ଓ ଡାକଘରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରୁଥିଲା, ହସି ହସି ଉପରିସ୍ଥ ଅଧିକାରୀଙ୍କ ନିକଟକୁ ଗଲା ଓ ଈଶ୍ବରଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ଲେଖାଯାଇଥିବା ଚିଠିଟିକୁ ଦେଖାଇଲା । ଡାକବାଲାଭାବେ ତା’ର ଚାକିରିକାଳ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ସେ ଏପରି ଠିକଣା କେବେ ଜାଣି ନଥିଲା । ଅମାୟିକ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ମେଦବହୁଳ ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର, ମଧ୍ୟ ହସି ହସି ଫାଟି ପଡ଼ିଲେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ହଠାତ୍ ସେ ଗମ୍ଭୀର ହୋଇଗଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କ ଡେସ୍କ ଉପରେ ଚିଠିଟିକୁ ଟିକିଏ ବାଡ଼େଇ ଦେଇ ମନ୍ତବ୍ୟ ଦେଲେ, ‘କି ବିଶ୍ଵାସ ! ଏହି ଚିଠିଟି ଲେଖୁଥ‌ିବା ଲୋକର ବିଶ୍ଵାସ ଭଳି ମୋର ବିଶ୍ବାସ ଥାଆନ୍ତି କି ! ଈଶ୍ଵରଙ୍କ ସହିତ ପତ୍ରାଳାପ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଛି ।’’

Para: So, in order not to shake the writer’s faith in God, the postmaster came up with an idea: answer the letter. But when he opened it, it was evident that to answer it he needed something more than goodwill, ink, and paper. But he stuck to his resolution: he asked for money from his employees, he himself gave part of his salary, and several friends of his were obliged to give something for an act of charity.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଲେଖକଙ୍କର ଈଶ୍ଵରଙ୍କ ଉପରେ ଆସ୍ଥା ନ ତୁଟାଇବାପାଇଁ ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟରଙ୍କ ମନ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଚିଠିର ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖୁବାପାଇଁ ବିଚାରଟିଏ ଆସିଲା । କିନ୍ତୁ ସେ ଯେତେବେଳେ ଏହାକୁ ଖୋଲିଲେ, ସେଥୁରୁ ଜଣାପଡ଼ିଲା ଯେ ଏହାର ଉତ୍ତର ଦେବାପାଇଁ ସେ ଶୁଭେଚ୍ଛା, କାଳି ଓ କାଗଜ ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଆଉ କିଛି ଅଧିକ ଦରକାର କରୁଥିଲେ । କିନ୍ତୁ ସେ ଯାହା ସଙ୍କଳ୍ପ କରିଥିଲେ ବା ଚିନ୍ତା କରିଥିଲେ ସେଇଥ୍ରେ ଅଟଳ ରହିଲେ । ସେ ତାଙ୍କର କର୍ମଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କଠାରୁ କିଛି ଟଙ୍କା ମାଗିଲେ ଓ ସେ ନିଜେ ତାଙ୍କ ଦରମାରୁ କିଛି ଅଂଶ ପ୍ରଦାନ କଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କର ଅନେକ ବନ୍ଧୁ ଏହି ବଦାନ୍ୟପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ କିଛି ଅର୍ଥ ଦେଇ କୃତଜ୍ଞ ହେଲେ ।

Para: It was impossible for him to gather together the hundred pesos, so he was able to send the farmer only a little more than half. He put the money in an envelope addressed to Lencho and with it a letter containing only a single word as a signature: God.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ମାଗିଥ୍‌ ଶହେ ପେସୋ ଏକତ୍ର ସଂଗ୍ରହ କରିବା ତାଙ୍କ ପକ୍ଷେ ଅସମ୍ଭବ ଥିଲା, ତେଣୁ ସେ କୃଷକ ନିକଟକୁ ଅଧାରୁ ଟିକିଏ ଅଧିକ ପଠାଇବାକୁ ସମର୍ଥ ହେଲେ । ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ଠିକଣା ଲେଖାଥିବା ଲଫାପା ଭିତରେ ସେ ଟଙ୍କା ଓ ତା’ ସହ ‘ଈଶ୍ବର’ ବୋଲି ସ୍ବାକ୍ଷର ହୋଇଥିବା ଚିଠିଟିକୁ ରଖୁଲେ ।

Para: The following Sunday Lencho came a bit earlier than usual to ask if there was a letter for him. It was the postman himself who handed the letter to him while the postmaster, experiencing the contentment of a man who has performed a good deed, looked on from his office.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ତା’ପାଇଁ କିଛି ଚିଠି ଅଛି କି ନାହିଁ ଜାଣିବାପାଇଁ ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ରବିବାର ଟିକିଏ ସହଳ ପହଞ୍ଚଗଲା । ଡାକବାଲା ନିଜେ ଚିଠିଟିକୁ ତାକୁ ବଢ଼ାଇଦେଲେ ଓ ଜଣେ ଭଲ କାମ କରିଥିବା ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଭଳି ସନ୍ତୋଷ ଅନୁଭବ କରି ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର ତାଙ୍କ ଅଫିସ୍‌ରୁ ଚାହିଁ ରହିଲେ ।

Para: Lencho showed not the slightest surprise on seeing the money; such was his confidence-but that he became angry when he counted the money. God could not have made a mistake, nor could he have denied Lencho what he had requested.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଲେଞ୍ଚୋର ଏତେ ଦୃଢ଼ ବିଶ୍ୱାସ ଥିଲା ଯେ ଟଙ୍କାକୁ ଦେଖୁ ସେ ତିଳେମାତ୍ର ବିସ୍ମିତ ହେଲା ନାହିଁ । ମାତ୍ର ଟଙ୍କାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଗଣିବାବେଳେ ସେ ରାଗିଗଲା । ଈଶ୍ବର କେବେହେଲେ ଭୁଲ୍ କରିପାରିବେ ନାହିଁ କିମ୍ବା ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ଯାହା ଅନୁରୋଧ କରିଥିଲା ତାକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ କେବେହେଲେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟାନ କରିପାରିବେ ନାହିଁ ।

Para: Immediately, Lencho went up to the window to ask for paper and ink. On the public writing table, he started to write, with much wrinkling of his brow, caused by the effort he had to make to express his ideas. When he finished, he went to the window to buy a stamp which he licked and then affixed to the envelope with a blow of his fist. The moment the letter fell into the mailbox the postmaster went to open it. It said: “God: Of the money that I asked for, only seventy pesos reached me. Send me the rest since I need it very much. But don’t send it to me through the mail because the post office employees are a bunch of crooks. Len cho.”
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସଙ୍ଗେ ସଙ୍ଗେ ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ କାଗଜ ଓ କାଳି ମାଗିବାପାଇଁ ଝରକା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଗଲା । ତା’ର ଭାବନାକୁ ପରିପ୍ରକାଶ କରିବାକୁ ଭୁଲତା କୁଞ୍ଚନ ସହିତ ସର୍ବସାଧାରଣଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଟେବୁଲ ଉପରେ ସେ ଲେଖୁବାକୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲା । ଚିଠି ଲେଖା ଶେଷ କରିବା ପରେ ଲେଞ୍ଚେ ଝରକା ପାଖକୁ ଟିକଟଟିଏ କିଣିବାକୁ ଗଲା ଓ ଟିକେଟରେ ସେ ଛେପ ମାରି ଲଫାପା ଉପରେ ବିଧାମାରି ଲଗାଇଦେଲା । ଡାକବାକ୍ସରେ ଚିଠିଟି ପଡ଼ିବାମାତ୍ରେ ପୋଷ୍ଟମାଷ୍ଟର ତାକୁ ଖୋଲିବାକୁ ଚାଲିଗଲେ । ଏଥ‌ିରେ ଲେଖାଥିଲା : ‘ହେ ଈଶ୍ଵର, ମୁଁ ମାଗିଥିବା ଟଙ୍କା ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ମାତ୍ର ସତୁରି ପୋସୋ ମୋ ପାଖରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲା । ଅବଶିଷ୍ଟ ଟଙ୍କାତକ ମୋ ପାଖକୁ ପଠାନ୍ତୁ କାରଣ ଏହା ମୋ ପାଇଁ ନିତାନ୍ତ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ । ମାତ୍ର ଏହାକୁ ଡାକ ଯୋଗେ ମୋ ପାଖକୁ ପଠାନ୍ତୁ ନାହିଁ କାରଣ ଡାକଘର କର୍ମଚାରୀମାନେ ହେଉଛନ୍ତି ଦଳେ ଅସାଧୁ ଲୋକ ।’’ ଇତି ଲେଞ୍ଜୋ ।

About The Author:
Gregorio Lopez Fuentes (1895-1966) was a famous Mexican novelist (ଔପନ୍ୟାସିକ), poet and journalist. Fuentes started writing at the age of 15, when the Mexican Revolution (ବିପ୍ଳବ) began. Many of his books are related (ସମ୍ପର୍କୀୟ) to the civil conflict. His stories are exciting and humorous. Many of his works are concerned with the oppression of Americans. In 1935, he was awarded the National Prize of Arts and Science.

Word Meaning / Glossary:

entire (Adj) – whole
The entire class went to the picnic.
crest (N) – top/the highest part of a hill
There is a temple on the crest of a hill.
corn (N) – crops
dotted with – scattered over an area
The sea is dotted with ships.
harvest (N) – yield
promised(V)- offered
needed (V) – required
at least – to the minimum
throughout (Prep) – all through
downpour (N)- heavy rainfall
shower (N) – a spell of light rain
intimately (Adv) – closely
supper (N) – light meal taken in the evening
was preparing (V) – was cooking
God willing – if God wills
until- not till
predict – foretell the future
No one can predict birth and death,
huge – very big
I saw a huge elephant,
approaching (V)- coming fast
exclaimed (V) – became surprised
falling (V) – dropping with a satisfied expression – with a content
regarder – thought, considered
drape – cover
The ground was draped with snow.
hailstones (N) – pellets of hail
did resemble (V)- looked alike
exposing themselves to the rain – coming out in the rain
frozen pearls (NP) – very cold small, white solid bead-like substance
really (Adv) — indeed
as if(Conj) — as though
He is walking as if he is mad.
rained (V) — poured down
soul (N) — heart
locusts (N) — insects that fly in big groups and destroy crops
The farmers use pesticides to protect the crops from locusts.
sorrowful (Adj) — having sadness
He got a piece of sorrowful news.
was totally destroyed — was completely spoiled
were gone — were disappeared
we’ll all go hungry— we will all live without food
solitary(Adj)— lonely, single
Upset (Adj) — disturbed, gloomy
She is most upset about her loss of property.
seems (V) — appears
a total loss (NP)— a complete loss
all through — throughout
conscience (N) — an inner sense of right or wrong
peso (N) – the currency of several Latin American countries
Lencho received only seventy pesos from the postmaster.
all-day break — at the crack of dawn/predawn
nothing less than— like
an ox of a man — very hard-working like an ox
one of the employees – କର୍ମଚାରୀଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଜଣେ
boss (N) — senior officer
laughing heartily— laughing with an open heart
amiable (Adj)— friendly and pleasant
He is an amiable young man.
fellow (N) — person
broke out laughing— laughed suddenly
commented (V) — opined
faith (N) — belief
correspondence(N) — an act of writing letters
Man cannot make correspondence with God.
in order not to shake — not to shatter (ici
came up with an idea — had a good idea
evident (Adj) — obvious, clear
stuck to — ଅଟକି ରହିବା
goodwill (N) — welfare
resolution (N) — a firm decision
Robinson Crusoe made a resolution to leave home all the first opportunity.
asked for (V) — demanded
were obliged (V) — were forced
salary (N) — monthly allowance
charity (N) — offering, donation, financial assistance
containing (V) —having
signature (N) — sign
handed (V) — gave by hand
mail (N) — post
blow (V) — knock
contentment (N) — satisfaction
The cat purred in obvious contentment.
a good deed (NP) — a good act
slight surprise (NP) — least surprise (little— less — least)
confidence (N) — self-belief, faith, trust
wrinkling (Adj) — କୁଞ୍ଚନ
caused by (V) — created by
licked (V) — pasted on the spittle
affïxed (V) — fixed properly, attached
with a blow of his fist — a strike of his grip
crooks (N) — dishonest persons/people
Nobody likes the crooks.

BSE Odisha 10th Class English Detailed Text:

• All Things Bright and Beautiful Question Answer
• A letter to God Question Answer
• The Solitary Reaper Question Answer
• At the High School Question Answer
• Village Song Question Answer
• Festivals of North-East India Question Answer
• The Flower-School Question Answer
• Air Pollution: A Hidden Menace Question Answer
• From the Formalin Jar Question Answer
• School’s Goodbye Question Answer

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class English Solutions Chapter 4 At the High School Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 10th English Chapter 4 At the High School Question Answers BSE Odisha

At the High School Class 10 Questions and Answers

E. Let’s Understand The Text:
P-1
Question 1.
What is a biography? What is an autobiography?
(ଜୀବନୀ କ’ ଣ ? ଆତ୍ମଜୀବନୀକ’ ଣ ?)
Answer:
A biography is the life history of a person. An autobiography is the life history of a person written by himself or herself.

Question 2.
Is this lesson a biography or an autobiography? Support your answer with reasons.
(ଏହି ବିଷୟଟି ଏକ ଜୀବନୀ ବା ଏକ ଆତ୍ମଜୀବନୀ ? କାରଣ ଦର୍ଶାଇ ତୁମ ଯଥାର୍ଥତା ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କର ।)
Answer:
This lesson is an autobiography (auto-self, bio-life, graphy – writing). The reason for it being an autobiography is that it begins with the first person pronoun(ପ୍ରଥମ ପୁରୁଷ ସର୍ବନାମ) ‘I’ standing for (ସୂଚିତ କରୁଥିବା) the writer Mahatma Gandhi. Also, the use of ‘my’ (Gandhi’s) proves it to be an autobiography.

Question 3.
Was Gandhi good at studies ? How will you support your answer ?
ପାଠରେ ଦକ୍ଷ ଥିଲେ ? ତୁମେ କିପରି ତୁମର ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ସମର୍ଥନ କରିବ ?)
Answer:
Yes, Gandhi was good at his studies. I will support (ସମର୍ଥନ କରିବି) by saying so (ଏହା କହି) with the expressions mentioned (ଦର୍ଶାଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ଅଭିବ୍ୟକ୍ତିସମୂହରୁ) like (ଯଥା) “I wasn’t regarded as a fool at the high school”, “I always enjoyed the affection of my teachers” and “I never had a bad certificate”. “I even won prizes ” etc.

Question 4.
Did his teacher like him?
(ତାଙ୍କର ଶିକ୍ଷକ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଭଲ ପାଉଥିଲେ କି ?)
Answer:
Yes, his teachers liked him.

Question 5.
What sorts of certificates were sent to his parents?
(କେଉଁ ପ୍ରକାର ପ୍ରମାଣପତ୍ର ତାଙ୍କ ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ପଠାଯାଉଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Certificates of progress and character were sent to his parents every year.

Question 6.
When did he win prizes?
(ସେ କେତେବେଳେ ପୁରସ୍କାର ଜିତୁଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
He won prizes after he passed out of the second standard.

Question 7.
Which standards did he get scholarships in ?
(କେଉଁସବୁ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ଅଧ୍ୟୟନ କରୁଥିଲାବେଳେ ସେ ଛାତ୍ରବୃତ୍ତି ପାଉଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
He got scholarships when he was in standard fifth and sixth.

Question 8.
What were the amounts of his scholarships?
(ତାଙ୍କ ଛାତ୍ରବୃତ୍ତିର ପରିମାଣ କେତେ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Rupees four and ten were the amounts of scholarships Gandhi obtained (ପାଉଥିଲେ ).

Question 9.
Who did he thank more for his scholarship – himself or his good luck?
(ସେ ଛାତ୍ରବୃତ୍ତି ପାଇଁ କାହାକୁ ଅଧିକ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ଦେଉଥିଲେ – ନିଜକୁ ବା ନିଜର ସୌଭାଗ୍ୟକୁ ?)
Answer:
He thanked his good luck more for his scholarship than himself or his merit.

Question 10.
What do you know about Gandhi as a person?
(ଜଣେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଭାବରେ ତୁମେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ କ’ଣ ଜାଣିଛ ?)
Answer:
As a person, I know that Gandhi as a student was good at studies, besides being very particular (ସବିଶେଷ) about himself.

P-2
Question 11.
What was he very much careful about?
(ସେ କେଉଁ ବିଷୟରେ ଅଧ‌ିକ ଯତ୍ନଶୀଳ ଥିଲେ?)
Answer:
He was very much careful about his character (ଚରିତ୍ର ବିଷୟରେ).

Question 12.
How did he react when blamed?
(ନିନ୍ଦିତ ହେଉଥ୍ଲାବେଳେ ସେ କିପରି ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା କରୁଥିଲେ? )
Answer:
When being blamed he broke into tears (କାନ୍ଦି ପକାଉଥିଲେ).
Or, Any sort (ପ୍ରକାର) of blame brought tears into his eyes.

Question 13.
What was more important for Gandhi – winning prizes or building character?
(କ’ଣ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଅଧିକ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଥିଲା – ପୁରସ୍କାର ଜିତିବା ବା ଚରିତ୍ର ଗଠନ କରିବା?)
Answer:
Building character was more important for Gandhi.

Question 14.
Why did he get physical punishment?
(ସେ କାହିଁକି ଶାରୀରିକ ଦଣ୍ଡ ପାଇଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
He got physical punishment for some little blemish in his character.

Question 15.
Who was the headmaster?
(ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
Dorabji Edulji Gimi was the headmaster.

Question 16.
Was he popular? Why?
(ସେ (ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ ଜିମି) କ’ଣ ଲୋକପ୍ରିୟ ଥିଲେ ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
Yes, he (Mr Gimi) was popular. Because he was a disciplinarian, a man of method and a good teacher.

Question 17.
What was made compulsory for upper standard boys ?
(ଉପର ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ବାଳକମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ କ’ଣ ବାଧ୍ୟତାମୂଳକ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Gymnastics and cricket were made compulsory for uppper standard boys.

Question 18.
I disliked both. What does ‘both’ refer to ?
( ମୁଁ ଉଭୟକୁ ଘୃଣା/ନାପସନ୍ଦ କରୁଥିଲି । ଏଠାରେ ‘ଉଭୟ’ କ’ଣ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
I disliked both. Here ‘both’ refers to ‘gymnastics’ and ‘cricket’.

Question 19.
What was the reason for Gandhi’s dislike for cricket and gymnastics?
(କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ ଓ ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍ ପ୍ରତି ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କର ଘୃଣାର କାରଣ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The reason for Gandhi’s dislike for cricket and gymnastics was his shyness.

Question 20.
Was the headmaster a lover of games?
(ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ କ’ଣ ଖେଳପ୍ରେମୀ ଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
Yes, the headmaster was a lover of games.

Question 21.
What false idea did Gandhi have about games?
(ଖେଳ ବିଷୟରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କର କେଉଁ ମିଥ୍ୟା ଧାରଣା ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Gandhi nurtured a false idea (ଏକ ମିଥ୍ୟା ଧାରଣା ପୋଷଣ କରିଥିଲେ) that games had nothing to do with education.

Question 22.
What were his views on games later?
(ପରେ ଖେଳ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ତାଙ୍କର ମତ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Later he viewed (ମତ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ଯେ) that games should have many places in the curriculum as mental training.

P-3
Question 23.
What was the special reason for Gandhi’s dislike for gymnastics?
(ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍‌ସ୍ ପ୍ରତି ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କର ଅନାସକ୍ତିର ବିଶେଷ କାରଣ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The special reason for Gandhi’s dislike for gymnastics was to serve (ସେବା କରିବାପାଇଁ) his father after school

Question 24.
Compulsory exercise came directly in the way of this service. What was the service?
( ବାଧ୍ୟତାମୂଳକ ବ୍ୟାୟାମ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଭାବରେ ଏହି ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ଆସୁଥିଲା । ସେବାଟି କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ? )
Answer:
Compulsory exercise came directly in the way of this service. The service was to serve his father.

Question 25.
Did the headmaster grant his request? Why?
(ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ କ’ଣ ତାଙ୍କର ଅନୁରୋଧ ରଖୁଥ‌ିଲେ ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
No, the headmaster didn’t grant his request because he didn’t believe him.

Question 26.
Why did he get to school late ?
(ସେ କାହିଁକି ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ବିଳମ୍ବରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲେ ?)
Answer:
He got to (reached) school late because he had no watch and the clouds deceived him also.

Question 27.
Clouds deceived him. How?
(ବାଦଲଖଣ୍ଡ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଠକିଦେଲା ? କିପରି ?)
Answer:
The clouds deceived him. As the clouds had gathered across the sky, he did not guess the time and reached the school when the boys had all left.

Question 28.
Did the headmaster believe what he said?
(ସେ ଯାହା କହିଲେ ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ ବିଶ୍ଵାସ କଲେ କି ?)
Answer:
No, the headmaster didn’t believe what he said.

Question 29.
How much was he fined?
(ତାଙ୍କୁ କେତେ ପରିମାଣର ଅର୍ଥ ଜରିମାନା ଲଗାଯାଇଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
He was fined one or two annas.

Question 30.
What was he accused of? Was the accusation proper?
(ସେ କାହିଁକି ଅଭିଯୁକ୍ତ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ? ଅଭିଯୋଗ କ’ଣ ଯୁକ୍ତିଯୁକ୍ତ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
He (Gandhi) was accused of lying. No, it wasn’t proper in case of Gandhi (ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ).

Question 31.
What pained him so much?
(କ’ଣ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଅଧିକ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ଦେଇଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The accusation (ଅଭିଯୋଗ) that he was lying (ମିଛ କହୁଥିଲେ) pained him so much.

P-4
Question 32.
What lesson did he learn from it?
(ସେ ଏଥୁରୁ କ’ଣ ଶିକ୍ଷାଲାଭ କରିଥିଲେ ? )
Answer:
From it he learnt that a man of truth must be a man of care.

Question 33.
Was he careless in school later?
(ପରେ ସେ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟର ଯତ୍ନହୀନ ହୋଇଥିଲେ କି ?)
Answer:
No, he wasn’t careless in school later.

Question 34.
Did he really have to pay the fine?
(ତାଙ୍କୁ କ’ଣ ପ୍ରକୃତରେ ଜରିମାନା ଦେବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
No, he didn’t have to pay the fine really.

Question 35.
How was the fine exempted in the end?
(ଶେଷରେ ସେ କିପରି ଜରିମାନା ଦେବାରୁ ମୁକ୍ତି ପାଇଥିଲେ ? )
Answer:
The fine was exempted (ଛାଡ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା) in the end as Gandhi’s father wrote himself to the headmaster urging his (Gandhi’s) service for him after school.

P-5
Question 36.
What was the other neglect Gandhi talked about?
(ଗାନ୍ଧି କହିଥ‌ିବା ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ଅବହେଳା ବା ଯତ୍ନହୀନତା କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The other neglect Gandhi talked about was his bad handwriting.

Question 37.
What was his earlier notion on handwriting?
(ହସ୍ତଲେଖା ବିଷୟରେ ତାଙ୍କର ପୂର୍ବ ଧାରଣା କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
His earlier notion of handwriting was that it wasn’t a necessary part of education.

Question 38.
When and where did he realize that his notions were wrong? What made him think so?
( କେତେବେଳେ ଓ କେଉଁଠାରେ ସେ ହୃଦୟଙ୍ଗମ କଲେ ଯେ ତାଙ୍କର ଧାରଣାସବୁ ଭୁଲ ଥିଲା ? କେଉଁଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ଏଭଳି ଚିନ୍ତା କଲେ ?)
Answer:
Until he went to England and later in South Africa he realized that his notions were wrong. The observation (ପର୍ଯ୍ୟବେକ୍ଷଣ) of the good handwriting of the lawyers and the young men in South Africa made him think so.

Question 39.
What were his views on handwriting?
(ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର ବିଷୟରେ ତାଙ୍କର ମତ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
He viewed (opined – ସେ ଦେଖିଥିଲେ) that good handwriting was a necessary part of education and bad handwriting should be regarded as a sign of an imperfect education.

Question 40.
What was his advice to young men and women in this regard?
(ଏ ବିଷୟରେ ଯୁବକ ଯୁବତୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ତାଙ୍କର ପରାମର୍ଶ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
His advice to young men and women in this regard was to learn to handwrite only after they have learned to draw objects by observation.

P-6
Question 41.
Why did Gandhi consider Sanskrit harder than geometry?
( ଗାନ୍ଧି କାହିଁକି ଜ୍ୟାମିତି ଅପେକ୍ଷା ସଂସ୍କୃତକୁ କଷ୍ଟକର ବୋଲି ବିଚାର କରୁଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
Gandhi considered Sanskrit harder than geometry as there was nothing to memorize (ଘୋଷି ମନେରଖ୍ର କିଛି ନାହିଁ) in geometry, whereas in Sanskrit everything had to be learned by heart.

Question 42.
Which class was Sanskrit introduced in?
(କେଉଁ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରୁ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷା ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେଉଥିଲା ? )
Answer:
Sanskrit was introduced in the fourth standard.

Question 43.
What did Gandhi say about the Sanskrit and Persian teachers?
(ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଓ ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ କ’ଣ କହିଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
As Gandhi said, the Sanskrit teacher was a hard taskmaster (ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କୁ ଘରପଢ଼ା ଦେବାରେ କଠୋର), but the Persian teacher was lenient (କୋମଳ ବା ଉଦାର ).

Question 44.
Were they on good terms ? Quote the sentence from your text in support of your your answer: (ସେମାନେ (ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଓ ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ଶିକ୍ଷକ) କ’ଣ ଉତ୍ତମ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଥିଲେ ? ନିଜର ଉତ୍ତରର ସମର୍ଥନ ପାଇଁ ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟରୁ ସମ୍ପର୍କିତ ବାକ୍ୟଟିକୁ ଉଦ୍ଧୃତ କର ।)
Answer:
No, they weren’t on good terms ( ଉତ୍ତମ ସମ୍ପର୍କ ବା ବନ୍ଧୁତା ). The sentence supporting the answer is “There was a sort of rivalry going on between the Sanskrit and the Persian teachers”.

Question 45.
What tempted him to sit in the Persian class?
(ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ବସିବାପାଇଁ ତାଙ୍କୁ କ’ଣ ଆକର୍ଷିତ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The easiness (ସହଜତା) of the Persian subject tempted him to sit in the Persian class.

Question 46.
How did the Sanskrit teacher feel about it?
(ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଏହା ବିଷୟରେ କ’ଣ ଅନୁଭବ କଲେ ?)
Answer:
When the Sanskrit teacher saw Gandhi sit in the Persian class, he was grieved (ଦୁଃଖ୍ତ ହୋଇଗଲେ ).

Question 47.
Why did he think it necessary for Gandhi to study Sanskrit?
(ଗାନ୍ଧି ସଂସ୍କୃତ ପଢ଼ିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ବୋଲି ସେ (ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ) କାହିଁକି ଭାବୁଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
The Sanskrit teacher thought it necessary for Gandhi to study Sanskrit because he (Gandhi) was the son of a Vaishnava father. Besides (ଏହା ବ୍ୟତୀତ) Sanskrit was the language of his own religion.

P-8
Question 48.
Did he come back to Sanskrit class? Why?
(ସେ (ଗାନ୍ଧି) କ’ଣ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶ୍ରେଣୀକୁ ଫେରି ଆସିଲେ ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
Yes, he came back to Sanskrit class. Because he couldn’t disregard ( ଅଣଦେଖା କରିପାରୁନଥିଲେ) his teacher’s affection (ସ୍ନେହ).

Question 49.
What put him to shame?
(ତାଙ୍କୁ କ’ଣ ଲଜ୍ଜିତ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The Sanskrit teacher’s kindness (ଦୟା) put him (Gandhi) to shame.

Question 50.
Who was his Sanskrit teacher?
(ତାଙ୍କର ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?)
Answer:
Krishnashankar Pandya was the Sanskrit teacher.

Question 51.
How did the study of Sanskrit help him later?
(ସଂସ୍କୃତ ପଠନ ତାଙ୍କୁ ପରେ କିଭଳି ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The study of Sanskrit helped him acquire (ଶିଖୁରେ ) the little knowledge of the language and fostered (ବୃଦ୍ଧି କରିଥିଲା ) his interest in sacred books.

Question 52.
What feelings did Gandhi have for his teachers?
( ନିଜର ଶିକ୍ଷକମାନଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କର ଅନୁଭୂତି କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Gandhi had the feelings of regards (ସମ୍ମାନ ) and love for his teachers.

F. Let’S Sum-Up:

Question.
The present text “At the High School” is built up of the main idea and supporting ideas. The text title itself is the main theme/idea. The facts/information presented in the paragraphs form the contents/sub-themes/supporting ideas. Given below is a table, which shows a well-knit structure of the text. Some facts/information are missing from it. Complete the table using the required information choosing from the HELP-BOX. Some paragraphs have more than one theme.
(“At the High School” ବିଷୟଟି ଗୋଟିଏ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗ ଓ ସହାୟକ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗମାନଙ୍କୁ ନେଇ ଲିଖୁ । ବିଷୟର ଶୀର୍ଷକ ବା ନାମ ହିଁ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗ ଅଟେ । ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦଗୁଡ଼ିକରେ ଉପସ୍ଥାପିତ ତଥ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ ହେଉଛି ସହାୟକ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗ । ନିମ୍ନରେ ଏକ ସାରଣୀ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ଯାହା ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟକୁ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଭାବେ ଗ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରିଛି । ଏଥ‌ିରେ କେତେକ ତଥ୍ୟ ଛାଡ଼ି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି । ସହାୟକ ବାକ୍ସ (HELP-BOX)ରୁ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ତଥ୍ୟ ଚୟନ କରି ସାରଣୀଟିକୁ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କର । କେତେକ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦର ଏକାଧ୍ଵ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗ ଅଛି ।)

At the High School

Para-1	Para-2		Para-3	Para-4	Para-5	Para-6		Para-7
	punishment					subjects

handwriting        subjects          studies                punishment teachers              reward            games                 headmaster

Answer:

Para-1	Para-2		Para-3	Para-4	Para-5	Para-6		Para-7
Reward (ପୁରସ୍କାର)	Punishment (ଦଣ୍ଡ)	Games Head- master	Head- master	Carelessness remission of fines	Hand- writing (ହସ୍ତଲିଖନ)	subjects	teachers	studies

handwriting        subjects          studies                punishment teachers              reward            games                 headmaster

Note: Some facts given in the box below the table are insufficient. So information has been given in the table rooms.

G.Let’s Listen And Speak:

(a) Read the following conversation between Gandhi and his Sanskrit teacher.
Your teacher will read out the conversation. Listen to him/her. Follow the dialogue while listening.
Your teacher will act out the character of Gandhi’s Sanskrit teacher and the class, Gandhi. Next, the role changes – the class act as the Sanskrit teacher and your teacher as Gandhi.
Next, the teacher divides the class into groups who will role-play in the like manner with a change in roles. Then practice in pairs.
Finally, your teacher invites two of your friends to play the roles in front of the class.
Sanskrit Tr: Hello Moniya! How are you?
Gandhi: Fine.
Sanskrit Tr: I hear you’re sitting in the Persian class.
Gandhi: Yes, sir.
Sanskrit Tr: What prompted you to do so?
Gandhi: Persian is easy, sir.
Sanskrit Tr: But Sanskrit is the language of our culture. You should study the language by any means.
Gandhi: Sanskrit is very difficult for me.
Sanskrit Tr: Why do you think so?
Gandhi: Because everything has to be learned by heart.
Sanskrit Tr: That’s not the case, Manu. Come to me. I’ll help you learn Sanskrit with ease.
Gandhi: Thank you for your offer, sir.
Note: “Moniya” or “Manu” was Gandhi’s nickname during his childhood.
(ଉପରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଓ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କ (ଯାହାଙ୍କର ବାଲ୍ୟ ନାମ ‘ମୋନିଆ’ ବା ‘ମନୁ’ ଥୁଲା) ମଧ୍ୟରେ ହୋଇଥିବା କଥୋପକଥନକୁ ପଢ଼ ଓ ଦୁଇ ଦୁଇ ଜଣ ହୋଇ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କର ।)

(b) Your teacher will conduct a quiz on the lesson. She/he will organize/administer the activity following every step as shown in a similar quiz program under the lesson “Festivals of Northeast India”. “K. Let’s do this activity”. (Page-65)
(ବିଷୟକୁ ନେଇ ଏକ ଜଣା ଅଜଣା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ତୁମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ପରିଚାଳନା କରିବେ ।)

H. Let’s Enrich Our Vocabulary:
Notice the underlined word in the sentence below.
(ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ବାକ୍ୟରେ ରେଖାଙ୍କିତ ଶବ୍ଦକୁ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର ।)
When I merited or seemed to the teacher to merit a rebuke, it was unbearable for me.

ଏଠାରେ unbearable (ଅସହ୍ୟ ) ହେଉଛି ଏକ ଶବ୍ଦ ଯାହାnegative prefix ‘un’ + bearableର ମିଶ୍ରଣରେ ଗଠିତ । not + bearable = unbearable, ଏଠାରେ ‘not’କୁ ଉଠାଇ ‘un’ prefix ବା ପ୍ରତ୍ୟୟକୁ bearable ପୂର୍ବରୁ ବସାଇ ବିପରୀତ ଅର୍ଥକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରାଯାଇଛି ।

(a) Show how the following words are built up of their prefixes and roots. One is done as an example: disobedient = dis + obedient
[Prefix (ପ୍ରତ୍ୟୟ) ଓ root ବା ମୂଳ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନେଇ କିଭଳି ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଗଠିତ ହୋଇଛି ଦର୍ଶାଅ ।]

Prefix       root
abnormal (ଅସ୍ଵାଭାବିକ)          =   ab + normal
disappear (ଅଦୃଶ୍ୟ ହୋଇଯିବା) =   dis+ appear
impossible (ଅସମ୍ଭବ)            =   im + possible
misunderstand (ଭୁଲ୍ ବୁଝିବା) =   mis+understand
demerit (ଅପକାରିତା)             =   de + merit
illegible (ଅପଠ୍ୟ)                  =   il + legible
intransitive (ଅକର୍ମକ)            =   in + transitive
unlucky (ହତଭାଗ୍ୟ )              =   un + lucky

(b)Rewrite the following sentences replacing the underlined words by single words with their opposite/negative meanings.
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ରେଖାଙ୍କିତ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଏକଶବ୍ଦବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ବିପରୀତ/ନାସ୍ତିସୂଚକ ଅର୍ଥ ବସାଇ ପୁନର୍ବାର ଲେଖ ।)

For example :

1. Swarupa’s achievement (ସଫଳତା) is not believable.
   Swarupa’s achievement is unbelievable (ଅବିଶ୍ୱସନୀୟ)
2. Remote tribal areas (ଦୁର୍ଗମ ଆଦିବାସୀ ଅଧ୍ୟୁଷିତ ଅଞ୍ଚଳ) among hills and forests are not still reachable.
   Remote tribal areas among hills and forests are still unreachable (ଅପହଞ୍ଚ).
3. The younger generation (ଯୁବ ପିଢ଼ି) is not interested in traditional occupations (ପାରମ୍ପରିକ ବୃତ୍ତି).
   The younger generation is uninterested (ଆଗ୍ରହୀ) in traditional occupations.
4. The stranger did not talk in a polite manner.
   The stranger talked in an impolite manner / impolitely (ଅଶୋଭନୀୟ ଭାବରେ).
5. Many people are not happy with what they have.
   Many people are unhappy (ସୁଖୀ) with what they have.
6. Dull weather (ଖରାପ ପାଗ) does not make us active.
   Dull weather makes us inactive (ନିଷ୍କ୍ରିୟ).
7. Human wants (ମଣିଷର ଇଚ୍ଛା) are not limited.
   Human wants are unlimited (ଅସୀମିତ ).
8. They are not managing the organization (ସଙ୍ଗଠନ) properly.
   They are mismanaging (କୁପରିଚାଳନା) the organization.
9. Her inaugural speech (ଉଦ୍ଘାଟନୀ ଭାଷଣ) was not motivating.
   Her inaugural speech was demotivating (9§919999).
10. They did not behave their guests well.
    They misbehaved (ସେମାନେ ଅତିଥିଙ୍କୁ ଅସଦାଚରଣ କରିଥିଲେ।) their guests.
11. The soul (ଆତ୍ମା) is not mortal.
    The soul is immortal (ଅମର).

I. Let’s Learn Language:
1. Examine the following sentence.
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର ।)
Before I reached the school, the boys had all left.
(ମୁଁ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ବାଳକମାନେ ଚାଲି ଯାଇଥିଲେ ।)
The setence has two clauses.
ଏହି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଦୁଇଟି ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ ଅଛି ।)
(i) Before I reached the school
(ii) the boys had all left
ପ୍ରଥମ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ ବା ବାକ୍ୟଖଣ୍ଡ (clause)ରେ verb (କ୍ରିୟାପଦ) reached (past simple tense) recent ବା କିଛି ସମୟ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ସମାପ୍ତ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଥିଲାବେଳେ ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ erfect tense) earlier past action ବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ସମାପ୍ତ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ।
Let’s understand through the given diagram.

Earlier Past	Recent past
The boys had all left.	I reached the school.

Answer:

Another example :
The tortoise had reached (earlier/first completed action) the destination by the time / before the rabbit awake (later/second action).
(ଠେକୁଆ ଉଠିଲାବେଳକୁ କଇଁଛ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟସ୍ଥଳରେ ପହଞ୍ଚି ସାରିଥିଲା ।)

(a) There is such añother sentence in paragraph-3 of the text. Can you find it out? Fill in each sentence below using the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. One is done for you. (ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ବନ୍ଧନୀ ମଧ୍ଯରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା କ୍ରିୟାପଦର ଠିକ୍ ରୂପ ବସାଇ ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନ ପୂରଣ କର । ତୁମ ପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ କରି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)
(i) All guests had arrived (arrive) before the party started (start).
(ii) We ________ (sit) for lunch after mother ________ (fry) the eggs.
(iii) When Mahatma Gandhi ________ (pass away), India ________ (achieve) her freedom.
(iv) The train ________ (leave) before they (reach) the station.
(v) Namrata _________ (post) the letter after she _________ (write) it.
(vi) The patient ________ (die) before the doctor ________ (come).
(vii) The farmer ________ (plough) the field before he ________ (sow) seeds.
(vii) The prizes (be, give) long before the cultural programmes (start).
Answer:
(i) All guests had arrived (arrive) before the party started (start)
(ii) We sat for lunch after mother had fried the eggs.
(iii) When Mahatma Gandhi passed away (died), India had achieved (got) her freedom.
(iv) The train had left before they reached the station.
(v) Namrata posted the letter after she had written it.
(vi) The patient had died before the doctor came.
(vii) The farmer had ploughed the field before he sowed seeds.
(vii) The prizes had been given long before the cultural programmes started.

2. Look at the following sentences. (ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ଦେଖ ।)
If I had not acquired a little Sanskrit, I should have found it difficult to take any interest The sentence has two clauses.
(i) If I hadn’t acquired the little Sanskrit — If clause / Conditional clause (If ବା ସର୍ତ୍ତମୂଳକ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ)
(ii) I should have found it difficult to take any interest —> Main clause (ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବା ପ୍ରଧାନ ଖଣ୍ଡବାକ୍ୟ)
ଏୋଗେ If I had not acquired the little Sanskrit …………… ଅସଂପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ unfulfilled if or conditional clause.

(a) Read the following situations and write an ‘If-sentence’ for each.
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ପଢ଼ ଓ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଲେଖାଏଁ If ବାକ୍ୟ ଲେଖ ।)
(i) They did not start early. They missed their train.
(ii) He did not fall into the river. He was not drowned.
(iii) The sun was in the right direction. The photographs came out very well.
(iv) I saw you. I invited you to my party.
(v) Lilima won a lottery. She bought a good house.
(vi) The mangoes were not ripe. They did not sell at a good price.
(vii) Subhra did not spend much. She had a lot of bank balances.
(viii) The farmer worked hard. He reaped a rich harvest.
Answer:
(i) If they had started early, they would not have missed their train.
(ii) 1f he had fallen (ପଡିଯାଇଥିଲା) into the river, he would have been drowned(ବୁଡ଼ି ଯାଇଥାନ୍ତା).
(iii) If the sun hadn’t been (ହୋଇ ନ ଥାଆନ୍ତା) in the right direction, the photographs wouldn’t have come out (ବାହାରକୁ ଆସି ନଥାନ୍ତା) very well.
(iv) If I hadn’t seen (ଦେଖିନଥିଲି) you, I wouldn’t have invited (ନିମନ୍ତ୍ରଣ କରିନଥାନ୍ତେ ) you to my party.
(v) If Lilima hadn’t won (ଜିତିନଥିଲେ) a lottery, she wouldn’t have bought ( କିଣିନଥାନ୍ତେ) a good house.
(vi) If the mangoes had been (ହୋଇଥିବ) ripe, they would have sold ( ବିକ୍ରି ହୋଇଥାନ୍ତା) at a good price.
(vii) If Subhra had spent ( ଖର୍ଚ୍ଚ ହୋଇସାରିଛି) much, she wouldn’t have had (ହୋଇ ନଥାନ୍ତା) a lot of bank balance.
(viii) If the fanner hadn’t worked (କାମ କରିନାହିଁ ) hard, he wouldn’t have reaped a rich harvest (ଅମଳ ହୋଇନଥାନ୍ତା ).

(b) Put the verbs in brackets into their correct forms. ((ବନ୍ଧନୀ ମଧ୍ଯରେ ଥ‌ିବା କ୍ରିୟାପଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ରୂପରେ ବସାଅ ।)
(i) If our boys had played well, our team (win) the match easily.
(ii) If Manisha (not get) the scholarship, she might have missed the chance of her studies abroad.
(iii) India would not have achieved her freedom if the Indians (not fight) for it.
(iv) Crops would have been better if it (rain) well.
(v) The government (not be) very unpopular if they had not raised taxes.
(vi) If you (take) my advice, you would not have got into troubles.
(vii) The glass (not break) if she had not dropped it.
Answer:
(i) If our boys had played well, our team would have won (ଜିତିଥାନ୍ତେ ) the match easily.
(ii) If Manisha hadn’t got (ପାଇ ନାହିଁ) the scholarship, she might have missed the chance of her studies abroad.
(iii) India would not have achieved her freedom if the Indians hadn’t fought (ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରି ନ ଥିଲେ) for it.
(iv) Crops would have been better if it had rained (ବର୍ଷା ହୋଇଥିଲା) well.
(y) The government wouldn’t have been (ହୋଇ ନଥାନ୍ତା) very unpopular if they had not raised taxes.
(vi) If you had taken (ନେଇଥିଲେ) my advice, you would not have got into troubles.
(vii) The glass wouldn’t have broken (ଭାଙ୍ଗି ନଥାନ୍ତା) if she had not dropped it.

3. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions choosing from the box. (ବାକ୍ସରୁ ବାଛିଥିବା ସଠିକ ପ୍ରିପୋଜିସନ ସହିତ ଖାଲି ସ୍ଥାନଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ପୂରଣ କରନ୍ତୁ)
(among, from, in, of, to, with)
(i) She was deeply ashamed (ଲଜ୍ଜିତ) ________ her behavior at the party.
(ii) People are ________ the opinion (ମତ) that price controls are losing ground.
(iii) The festival kicked off (ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେଲା) _______ traditional music and folk dances.
(iv) Sweets were distributed (ବଣ୍ଟିତ) ________ children.
(y) Charities are exempted (ମୁକ୍ତ) paying tax.
(vi) Children hardly refuse (ମନା କରନ୍ତୁ ) obey.
(vii) India succeeded (ସଫଳ ହେଲା) in winning the World Cup Cricket that year.
(viii) The ofticer was convicted (ଦୋଷୀ ସାବ୍ୟସ୍ତ) ________ bank fraud.
Answer:
(i) She was deeply ashamed of her behavior at the party.
(ii) People are of the opinion that price controls are losing ground.
(iii) The festival kicked off with traditional music and folk dances.
(iv) Sweets were distributed among children.
(v) Charities are exempted from paying tax.
(vi) Children hardly refuse to obey.
(vii) India succeeded in winning the World Cup Cricket that year.
(viii) The officer was convicted of bank fraud.

J. Lets Write:
1. Write answers to all questions under “E. Let’s understand the Text”.
2. Write a paragraph in about 5 to 8 sentences on each of the topics given below :
(ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଶୀର୍ଷକ ଉପରେ ୫ରୁ ୮ଟି ବାକ୍ୟ ମଧ୍ଯରେ ଏକ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦ ଲେଖ ।)
(a) Gandhi as student
(b) Gandhi’s Headmaster
(c) Gandhi’s Sanskrit and Persian teachers
(d) Gandhi’s attitude towards sports and handwriting
Answer.
Gandhi as a student:
Gandhi was an average student in high school. He had high regard (ଉଚ୍ଚ ସମ୍ମାନ) for his teachers. He loved geometry more than Sanskrit. Once he was fined for having not attended (ଯୋଗ ଦେଇନଥିବା) gymnastics class. But at his father’s request, he got the fine remitted. His being fined (ତାଙ୍କୁ ଜରିମାନା କରାଯାଇଛି) pained him.

Gandhi’s Headmaster:
Dorabji Edulji Gimi was the headmaster when Gandhi was in High School. He was loved by the students. Because he was a disciplinarian, a man of method, and above all (ସର୍ବୋପରେ) a good teacher. He believed in the keeping of sound health of the boys. So he made attending of the boys in gymnastics and cricket compulsory. He convicted Gandhi of lying.

Gandhi’s Sanskrit and Persian teachers:
Gandhi’s Sanskrit teacher was Krishnashankar Pandya. He was pained (ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ଅନୁଭବ କଲା) to see Gandhi sit in the Persian class. He prevailed upon (ଉପରେ ବିଜୟୀ ହେଲା ) him to come back to Sanskrit class as it was the language of his own religion and he being a Vaishnav father’s son.
On the other hand (ଅନ୍ୟ ହାତ), his Persian teacher was lenient. He had some sort of rivalry with the Sanskrit teacher. His soft nature and the easiness of the Persian language one day tempted Gandhi to sit in the Persian class.

Gandhi’s attitude (ମନୋଭାବ) towards (ଆଡକୁ) sports and handwriting:
Regarding (ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧରେ) sports Gandhi had the earlier notion that sports like gymnastics had nothing to do with education. He kept aloof (ଦୂରେଇ ରଖିଥିଲେ) from cricket, football or gymnastics as he desired (ସେ ଇଚ୍ଛା କଲେ) to serve (ସେବା କରିବାକୁ) his father during those classes. Later (ପରେ) he felt that physical training should have (ଥିବା ଦର୍କାର) as many places as mental training in the curriculum. Handwriting, likewise (ସେହିଭଳି) was thought to have no necessity in good education by Gandhi. But he had to change (ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରିବାକୁ ପଡିଲା) this notion (&I961I) when he observed (ଯେତେବେଳେ ସେ ଦେଖିଲେ) the good handwriting (ଭଲ ହସ୍ତଲିଖନ) of young men and lawyers in South Africa.

3. Write a letter in about 100 words to your penfriend telling him/her about Gandhi as a person.
(ତୁମର ପତ୍ରବନ୍ଧୁଙ୍କୁ ଜଣେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ହିସାବରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରି ପ୍ରାୟ ୧୦୦ ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଏକ ପତ୍ର ଲେଖ ।)

Jairampur
Salipur
Date : ………………..
Dear Asish,
How are you now? Hoping you will be enjoying a relaxed time. Recently I went through (read thoroughly – ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ପଢନ୍ତୁ) a topic on Gandhi’s life.
As a person, Gandhi showed his enormous (ପ୍ରକାଣ୍ଡ) potential (ସମ୍ଭାବ୍ୟ) when he was in South Africa. When he saw the distressed (ଦୁର୍ଦ୍ଦଶାଗ୍ରସ୍ତ) condition of the Indians there, he launched ‘Satyagraha’ a great weapon against Apartheid (ଅପାର୍ଥିଡ଼ ) of the White rulers (ଶ୍ୱେତାଙ୍ଗ ଶାସକ). From this, he matured (ପରିପକ୍ବତା ହାସଲ କରିଥିଲେ)) as a great leader which he successfully (ସେ ସଫଳତାର ସହିତ) displayed (ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶିତ |) by supporting the cause (କାରଣ) of the farmers in Champaran of Bihar in 1917.
His leadership (ନେତୃତ୍ୱ) made crores of Indians bow their heads to him for his having empowered India to become free from British rule.
I hope you have got to know a few things about this great Indian as a person.
Yours sincerely,
Nabakishore.

BSE Odisha 10th Class English At the High School Important Questions and Answers

Very Short & Objective Questions With Answers.
Answer The Following Questions In A Word Or A Phrase.

Question 1.
What did Gandhi always enjoy in high school?
Answer:
The affection of his teachers.

Question 2.
What was sent to the parents every year?
Answer:
Certificates of progress and character.

Question 3.
In which classes did Gandhi obtain (get) scholarships?
Answer:
In the fifth and sixth standards.

Question 4.
What were the amounts (ପରିମାଣ) of scholarship did Gandhi receive?
Answer:
Rupees four and ten.

Question 5.
What did Gandhi thank more for his having obtained scholarships?
Answer:
To his good luck

Question 6.
What is Gandhi’s own recollection about?
Answer:
Not having high regard for his ability

Question 7.
How did Gandhi guard his character?
Answer:
Jealously.

Question 8.
What bought tears to his eyes?
Answer:
Least little blemish.

Question 9.
What did he receive once?
Answer:
Physical punishment.

Question 10.
How did he weep?
Answer:
Piteously (ଦୟାଳୁ).

Question 11.
What was Dorabji Edulji Gimi ?
Answer:
Gandhi’s headmaster.

Question 12.
Why was Gimi popular?
Answer:
For being a disciplinarian, a man of method, and a good teacher.

Question 13.
What did Mr. Gimi make compulsory?
Answer:
Gymnastics and cricket.

Question 14.
What was Gandhi’s false notion about gymnastics?
Answer:
Having nothing to do with education.

Question 15.
What should have many places in the curriculum as mental training?
Answer:
Physical training.

Question 16.
What did Gandhi do as soon as the school closed?
Answer:
Hurried home (ଶୀଘ୍ର ଘରକୁ).

Question 17.
What did Gandhi do after arriving at home?
Answer:
Began serving his father.

Question 18.
At what time was the gymnastics held?
Answer:
At four o’clock.

Question 19.
What deceived Gandhi?
Answer:
The clouds.

Question 20.
What was Gandhi convicted of?
Answer:
Lying (ମିଛ କହୁଛି).

Question 21.
Why did he weep in deep anguish?
Answer:
Not being able to prove his innocence(ତାଙ୍କର ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦୋଷତା ପ୍ରମାଣ କରିବାକୁ ସମର୍ଥ ନୁହେଁ |).

Question 22.
What did he repent of?
Answer:
His neglect in handwriting.

Question 23.
Whose beautiful handwriting did he see in South Africa?
Answer:
Lawyers and young men.

Question 24.
What, according to (କ’ଣ, ଅନୁଯାୟୀ |) Gandhi, should be regarded as a sign of imperfect education?
Answer:
Bad handwriting.

Question 25.
How should children learn letters?
Answer:
By observation.

Question 26.
What proved a harder task for Gandhi?
Answer:
Sanskrit.

Question 27.
What was the Persian teacher like?
Answer:
Lenient (କୋମଳ).

Question 28.
Why was the Sanskrit teacher grieved?
Answer:
To see Gandhi sit in the Persian class.

Question 29.
How could Gandhi show interest in sacred books?
Answer:
For having acquired a little knowledge in Sanskrit.

Question 30.
What was the problem in Sanskrit?
Answer:
Everything had to be learned by heart.

Fill In The Blanks With Right Words.

1. Gandhi was regarded as a ________ at the high school.
Answer:
fool

2. Gandhi never had a ___________.
Answer:
had certificate

3. He won prizes after he passed out of ___________.
Answer:
the second standard

4. Gandhi did&t have any high regard for ___________.
Answer:
his ability

5. ___________drew tears from Gandhi’s eyes.
Answer:
The least little blemish

6. Once Gandhi received ___________.
Answer:
corporal (ଦଣ୍ଡବିଧାନ) punishment

7. ___________ was considered a desert (ମରୁଭୂମି) for Gandhi.
Answer:
Receiving punishment

8. Mr. Gimi made gymnastics and cricket compulsory for ___________.
Answer:
the boys of upper standard

9. ________ was one of the reasons for Gandhi is aloofness (ନିଃସଙ୍ଗତା) from gymnastics or cricket.
Answer:
His shyness

10. According to Gandhi gymnastics had ___________.
Answer:
nothing to do with education

11. Gandhi requested Gimi to ___________.
Answer:
exempt him from gymnastics

12. On _______ Gandhi had school in the morning.
Answer:
Saturdays

13. Gandhi had no ___________ ,and the cloud deceived him.
Answer:
watch

14. Gandhi felt ashamed (ଗାନ୍ଧୀ ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ଅନୁଭବ କଲେ) ___________.
Answer:
had handwriting

15. In the words of Gandhi a man of truth must also be ___________.
Answer:
man of care

16. Gandi was disheartened (ଗାନ୍ଧୀ ନିରାଶ ହୋଇଥିଲେ) ___________.
Answer:
entering the sixth standard

17. A sort of ___________ was going on between the Sanskrit and the Persian teachers.
Answer:
rivalry

18. Gandhi was the son of a ___________.
Answer:
Vaishnava father

19. Krishnashankar Pandya was Gandhi’s ___________.
Answer:
Sanskrit teacher

20. Due to (କାରଣରୁ) some knowledge in Sanskrit, Gandhi showed interest in ___________.
Answer:
his sacred books

Multiple Choice Questions (Mcqs) With Answers
Pick out the correct alternative.

Question 1.
Gandhi wasn’t regarded as a ____________ at the high school.
(A) fool
(B) scholar
(C) stupid
(D) wise
Answer:
(A) fool

Question 2.
Gandhi always enjoyed his teachers.
(A) favor
(B) affection
(C) well wishes
(D) love
Answer:
(B) affection

Question 3.
Certificates of progress and character were sent to the parents.
(A) every month
(B) every hour
(C) every year
(D) every minute
Answer:
(C) every year

Question 4.
Gandhi never had.
(A) a bad character
(B) a good certificate
(C) a good character
(D) a bad certificate
Answer:
(D) a bad certificate

Question 5.
Gandhiji won prizes after passing out of the.
(A) fourth standard
(B) third standard
(C) fifth standard
(D) second standard
Answer:
(D) second standard

Question 6.
In the standard Gandhi obtained (got)scholarships.
(A) third and fourth
(B) second and third
(C) fifth and sixth
(D) sixth and seventh
Answer:
(C) fifth and sixth

Question 7.
Gandhi obtained rupees respectively while in the fifth and sixth standards.
(A) lour and six
(B) four and ten
(C) four and eight
(D) five and ten
Answer:
(B) four and ten

Question 8.
As Gandhi remembered he had not any high regard.
(A) for his ability
(B) for his merit
(C) for his stupidity
(D) for his knowledge
Answer:
(A) for his ability

Question 9.
Gandhi guarded his character.
(A) very jealously
(B) very carefully
(C) very cunningly
(D) very cautiously
Answer:
(A) very jealously

Question 10.
The least drew tears from Gandhi’s eyes.
(A) little rebuke
(B) little blemish
(C) little partiality
(D) little misbehavior
Answer:
(B) little blemish

Question 11.
Gandhi didn’t mind (didn’t take it seriously).
(A) the rebuke
(B) the misbehavior
(C) the blemish
(D) the punishment
Answer:
(D) the punishment

Question 12.
When Gandhi was in the Dorabji Edulji Gimi was the headmaster.
(A) fifth standard
(B) fourth standard
(C) sixth standard
(D) seventh standard
Answer:
(D) seventh standard

Question 13.
Mr. Dorabji Edulji Gimi was Gandhi’s.
(A) class-teacher
(B) English teacher
(C) headmaster
(D) Sanskrit teacher
Answer:
(C) headmaster

Question 14.
Cricket and gymnastics were made compulsory for the boys of.
(A) upper standard
(B) higher standard
(C) lower standard
(D) middle standard
Answer:
(A) upper standard

Question 15.
Gandhi had to join the gymnastics class at on a Saturday.
(A) 4 p.m.
(B) 2 p.m.
(C) 3 p.m.
(D) 6 p.m.
Answer:
(A) 4 p.m.

Question 16.
___________ deceived Gandhiji.
(A) Weather
(B) Clouds
(C) Friends
(D) Headmaster
Answer:
(B) Clouds

Question 17.
Gandhi had no.
(A) sense
(B) knowledge
(C) watch
(D) intention
Answer:
(C) watch

Question 18.
All the boys had left the field at Gandhi’s.
(A) departure
(B) entry
(C) commence
(D) arrival
Answer:
(D) arrival

Question 19.
Mr. Gimi refused to believe Gandhi taking the reason of his.
(A) illness
(B) late presence
(C) absence
(D) early departure
Answer:
(C) absence

Question 20.
Mr. Gimi fined Gandhi annas.
(A) two or three
(B) one or two
(C) three or four
(D) four or five
Answer:
(B) one or two

Question 21.
His being convicted of deeply pained Gandhi.
(A) lying
(B) theft
(C) conspiracy
(D) misbehavior
Answer:
(A) lying

Question 22.
His failure to prove his caused Gandhi to cry in deep anguish.
(A) innocence
(B) ability
(C) morality
(D) truthfulness
Answer:
(A) innocence

Question 23.
His being convicted of lying by was the first time and last instance of Gandhi’s carelessness in school.
(A) his father
(B) Mr. Gimi
(C) Mr. Pandya
(D) his friend
Answer:
(B) Mr. Gimi

Question 24.
Gandhi finally succeeded in getting the fine.
(A) reduced
(B) abolished
(C) remitted
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) remitted

Question 25.
In South Africa, Gandhi saw the beautiful handwriting of and young men bom and educated there.
(A) teachers
(B) judges
(C) businessmen
(D) lawyers
Answer:
(D) lawyers

Question 26.
When Gandhi saw the beautiful handwriting of lawyers and young men in South Africa, he repented of.
(A) his mistake
(B) his carelessness
(C) his neglect
(D) his misconduct
Answer:
(C) his neglect

Question 27.
Gandhi’s father wrote to Mr. Gimi needing Gandhi at home.
(A) after school
(B) in the evening
(C) during recess
(D) in the morning
Answer:
(A) after school

Question 28.
Before learning to write children should first be taught the art of.
(A) reading
(B) memorizing
(C) drawing
(D) observing
Answer:
(C) drawing

Question 29.
Sanskrit, however, proved a for Gandhi.
(A) easier task
(B) difficult task
(C) good task
(D) harder task
Answer:
(D) harder task

Question 30.
In Sanskrit, everything had to be learnt.
(A) by observation
(B) by heart
(C) by memorizing
(D) by ability
Answer:
(B) by heart

At the High School Summary in English

Lead-In:
According to several accounts (ଖାତା), Gandhi was not so brilliant (talented – ପ୍ରତିଭାଶାଳୀ) as a student. He was noted (famous – ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ) to be good at English, fair in Arithmetic, weak in Geography, good in conduct (ଆଚରଣ) and bad in handwriting. Though he did not have any high regard (ସମ୍ମାନ) for his “ability” (ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ), he was astonished (very much surprised – ବହୁତ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ) whenever he won prizes and scholarships.

Paragraphwise Explanation:
Para-1: I was not regarded as a fool at the high school. I always enjoyed the affection of my teachers. Certificates of progress and character used to be sent to the parents every year. I never had a bad certificate. In fact, I even won prizes after I passed out of the second standard. In the fifth and sixth I obtained scholarships of rupees four and ten respectively, an achievement for which I have to thank good luck more than my merit.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଉଚ୍ଚ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ମୁଁ ଏକ ବୋକା ରୂପେ ପରିଚିତ ନ ଥୁଲି । ମୁଁ ସର୍ବଦା ମୋ ଶିକ୍ଷକମାନଙ୍କର ସ୍ନେହ ଉପଭୋଗ କରୁଥିଲି । ପ୍ରତିବର୍ଷ ପାଠ୍ୟନ୍ନତି ଓ ଚରିତ୍ର ସମ୍ପର୍କିତ ପ୍ରମାଣପତ୍ର ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ପଠାଯାଉଥିଲା । ମୋ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ମଧ୍ୟ ଖରାପ ପ୍ରମାଣପତ୍ର ନ ଥିଲା । ପ୍ରକୃତରେ, ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଶ୍ରେଣୀ ଉତ୍ତୀର୍ଣ୍ଣ ହେବା ପରେ ମୁଁ ପୁରସ୍କାର ପାଇଥୁଲି । ପଞ୍ଚମ ଓ ଷଷ୍ଠ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ମୁଁ ଯଥାକ୍ରମେ ୪ ଟଙ୍କା ଓ ଦଶ ଟଙ୍କାର ଛାତ୍ରବୃତ୍ତି ପାଇଥୁଲି, ଏଭଳି ଏକ କୃତିତ୍ଵ ଯେଉଁଥ୍ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ମୋର ମେଧା ଅପେକ୍ଷା ସୌଭାଗ୍ୟକୁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ଦେବି ।

Para-2: My own recollection is that I did not have any high regard for my ability. I used to be astonished whenever I won prizes and scholarships. But / very jealously guarded my character. The least little blemish drew tears from my eyes. When I merited, or seemed to the teacher to merit a rebuke, it was unbearable for me. I remember having once received corporal punishment. I did not so much mind the punishment as the fact that it was considered my desert. I wept piteously. That was when I was in the first or second standard. There was another such incident during the time when I was in the seventh standard. Dorabji EduTfi Gimi was the headmaster then. He was popular among the boys, as he was a disciplinarian, a man of method and a good teacher. He made gymnastics and cricket compulsory for the boys of upper standard. I disliked both. I never took part in any exercise, cricket or football, before they were made compulsory. My shyness was one of the reasons for this aloofness, which I now see wrong. I had then the false notion that gymnastics had nothing to do with education. Today I know that physical training should have much place in the curriculum as mental training.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ମୋର ନିଜସ୍ଵ ସ୍ମୃତି ଏହା ଅଟେ ଯେ ମୋର ନିଜର ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଉପରେ କୌଣସି ବିଶେଷ ସମ୍ମାନ ନ ଥିଲା । ମୁଁ ଯେତେବେଳେ ପୁରସ୍କାର ଓ ଛାତ୍ରବୃରି ଜିତୁଥୁଲି ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ୁଥିଲି । କିନ୍ତୁ ମୁଁ ଅତି ସତର୍କତାର ସହିତ ମୋର ଚରିତ୍ର ପ୍ରତି ଯତ୍ନଶୀଳ ଥୁଲି । ଏପରିକି ସାମାନ୍ୟ ନୈତିକ ତ୍ରୁଟି ବା ଭୁଲ୍ ମୋ ଆସ୍‌ରେ ଲୁହ ଭରି ଦେଉଥିଲା । ମୁଁ ଯେତେବେଳେ କୌଣସି ଭୁଲ୍ ବା ତ୍ରୁଟିର ହର ଥୁଲି ବା ମୋତେ ଏକ ଗାଳି ଦେବା ଠିକ୍ ବୋଲି ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କୁ ଲାଗୁଥୁଲା, ଏହା ମୋ ପାଇଁ ଅସହ୍ୟ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ୁଥିଲା । ଥରେ (ଏକଦା) ଶାରୀରିକ ଦଣ୍ଡ ପାଇଥିବାର ମୋର ମନେ ପଡ଼ୁଛି । ମୁଁ ଏହି ଦଣ୍ଡକୁ ସେତେ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵ ଦେଇନଥିଲି କାରଣ ପ୍ରକୃତରେ ଏହା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ କରିବାର ମୁଁ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ଥିଲି । ମୁଁ ବିକଳରେ କାନ୍ଦି ପକାଇଲି । ସେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ପ୍ରଥମ ବା ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ଥିଲି, ଏହା ଘଟିଥିଲା । ମୁଁ ସପ୍ତମ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ଅଧ୍ୟୟନ କରୁଥିଲାବେଳେ ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ଘଟଣା ଘଟିଥିଲା । ସେତେବେଳେ ଦୋରାଜୀ ଇଦୁଜୀ ଜିମି ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ ଥିଲେ । ଜଣେ ଶୃଙ୍ଖଳାପ୍ରେମୀ, ନୀତିବାନ୍ ଏବଂ ଏକ ଉତ୍ତମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଥିବାରୁ ସେ ବାଳକମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ ଥିଲେ । ଉପର ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ବାଳକମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ସେ ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍ ଓ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍‌କୁ ବାଧ୍ୟତାମୂଳକ କରିଥିଲେ । ମୁଁ ଉଭୟକୁ ନାପସନ୍ଦ କରୁଥିଲି । ଏ ଦୁଇଟି ବାଧ୍ୟତାମୂଳକ ହେବା ଯାଏ, ମୁଁ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ କିମ୍ବା ଫୁଟବଲ ଭଳି କୌଣସି ଖେଳରେ ଅଂଶଗ୍ରହଣ କରୁନଥୁଲି । ଏଭଳି ଖେଳ ବା କ୍ରୀଡ଼ାରୁ ଦୂରେଇ ରହିବାର ଗୋଟିଏ କାରଣ ଥିଲା ମୋର ଲାଜକୁଳାପଣ, ଯାହାକୁ ମୁଁ ଏବେ ଭୁଲ୍ ବୋଲି ଭାବୁଛି । ମୋର ସେତେବେଳେ ଏକ ଭ୍ରାନ୍ତ ଧାରଣା ଥିଲା ଯେ ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍‌ର ଶିକ୍ଷା ସହିତ କୌଣସି ସମ୍ପର୍କ ନାହିଁ । ଆଜି ମୁଁ ଜାଣୁଛି ଯେ ପାଠ୍ୟକ୍ରମରେ ମାନସିକ ଶିକ୍ଷା ଭଳି ଶାରୀରିକ ପ୍ରଶିକ୍ଷଣର ସମାନ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵ ରହିବା ଉଚିତ ।

Para-3: The reason for my dislike was my keen desire to serve as nurse to my father. As soon as the school closed, I would hurry home and begin serving him. Compulsory exercise came directly in the way of this service. 1 requested Mr Gimi to exempt me from gymnastics so that I might be free to serve my father. But he would not listen to me. Now it happened that one Saturday, when we had school in the morning, I had to come from home to school for gymnastics at four o’ clock in the afternoon. I had no watch, and the cloud deceived me. Before I reached the school, the boys had all left. The next day Mr. Gimi examining the roll, found me marked absent. Being asked for the reason of absence, I told him what had happened. He refused to believe me and ordered me to pay a fine of one or two annas.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ବାପାଙ୍କର ଜଣେ ସେବକ ରୂପେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରିବାର ଆନ୍ତରିକ ଇଚ୍ଛା ମୋର ଖେଳ ବା କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା ପ୍ରତି ଅନିଚ୍ଛୁକତାର କାରଣ ଥିଲା । ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ବନ୍ଦ ହେବାମାତ୍ରେ ମୁଁ ଶୀଘ୍ର ଘରକୁ ଯାଇ ତାଙ୍କର ସେବା ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଦେଉଥ୍ଲି । ବାଧ୍ୟତାମୂଳକ ବ୍ୟାୟାମ ବା କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା ଏହି ସେବାରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ପ୍ରତିବନ୍ଧକ ଭାବେ ମୋ ପାଇଁ ଉଭା ହେଲା । ବାପାଙ୍କୁ ସେବା କରିବାପାଇଁ ମୋତେ ଜିମ୍ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍‌ସ୍‌ରୁ ମୁକ୍ତି ଦେବାପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ ଶ୍ରୀଯୁକ୍ତ ଜିମିଙ୍କୁ ଅନୁରୋଧ କଲି । କିନ୍ତୁ ସେ ମୋ ଅନୁରୋଧକୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟାନ କରିଦେଲେ । ଦିନେ ଶନିବାର ଏଭଳି ଘଟିଲା ଯେ ସକାଳେ ଆମ୍ଭମାନଙ୍କର ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ହୋଇ ଯାଇଥିଲା; ଅପରାହ୍ନ ୪ଟାରେ ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍‌ସ୍‌ରେ ଯୋଗ ଦେବାପାଇଁ ମୋତେ ଘରୁ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟକୁ ଆସିବାର ଥିଲା । ମୋ ପାଖରେ ଘଣ୍ଟା ନ ଥିଲା ଏବଂ ଅକାଶରେ ଆଚ୍ଛାଦିତ ବାଦଲ ସତେ ଯେପରି ମୋତେ ଠକି ଦେଇଥିଲା । ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିବାବେଳକୁ ବାଳକମାନେ ଚାଲିଯାଇଥିଲେ । ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଦିନ ଛାତ୍ରମାନଙ୍କ ଉପସ୍ଥାନ ପରୀକ୍ଷା କରୁଥିଲାବେଳେ ମି. ଜିମି ମୋତେ ଜିମ୍‌ନାଷ୍ଟିକ୍‌ରେ ଅନୁପସ୍ଥିତ ଥ‌ିବାର ଦେଖିବାକୁ ପାଇଲେ । ଯାହା ଘଟିଥିଲା ମୁଁ ତାଙ୍କୁ କହିଲି । ହେଲେ ସେ ମୋ କଥା ବିଶ୍ଵାସ କଲେ ନାହିଁ ଓ ଏକ ବା ଦୁଇ ଅଣାର ଜରିମାନା ଦେବାକୁ ଆଦେଶ ଦେଲେ ।

Para-4: I was convicted of lying! That deeply pained me. How was I to prove my innocence? There was no way. / cried in deep anguish. I saw that a man of truth must also be a man of care. This was the first time and last instance of my carelessness in school. I had a faint recollection that I finally succeeded in getting the fine remitted. The exemption from exercise was of course obtained as my father wrote himself to the headmaster saying that he wanted me at home after school.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ମିଛ କହିବାରୁ ମୁଁ ଦଣ୍ଡିତ ହୋଇଥିଲି । ଏହା ମୋତେ ଗଭୀର ଭାବରେ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା ଦେଇଥିଲା । ମୋର ନିରୀହତାକୁ କିଭଳି ପ୍ରମାଣିତ କରିବି ? ମୋ ପାଇଁ ଏହାର କୌଣସି ସମାଧାନ ନ ଥିଲା । ତୀବ୍ର ମାନସିକ ବିଷାଦରେ ମୁଁ କାନ୍ଦିଲି । ଏହି ଘଟଣାରୁ ମୋର ହୃଦ୍‌ବୋଧ ହେଲା ଯେ ଜଣେ ସଟ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଜଣେ ଯତ୍ନଶୀଳ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ହେବା ଉଚିତ । ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ମୋର ଯତ୍ନହୀନତାର ଏହା ପ୍ରଥମ ଓ ଶେଷ ଉଦାହରଣ ଥିଲା । ଅସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ରୂପେ ମୋର ଯାହା ମନେପଡ଼ୁଥିଲା ଯେ ଶେଷରେ ଜରିମନା ଦେବାରୁ ମୁଁ ଛାଡ଼ ପାଇଥିଲି । ଅବଶ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟାୟାମରୁ ମୋତେ ଅବ୍ୟାହତି ପ୍ରାପ୍ତିର କାରଣ ଏହା ଥିଲା ଯେ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ପରେ ବାପା ମୋର ସେବା ଦରକାର କରୁଥିଲେ ବୋଲି ଲିଖ୍ ଭାବରେ ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କୁ ଜଣାଇଥିଲେ ।

Para-5: But though I was none the worse for having neglected exercise, I am still paying the penalty of another neglect. I do not know whence I got the notion that good handwriting was not a necessary part of education, but I retained it until I went to England. When later, especially in South Africa, I saw the beautiful handwriting of lawyers and young men born and educated in South Africa, I was ashamed of myself and repented of my neglect. I saw that bad handwriting should be regarded as a sign of an imperfect education. I tried later to improve mine, but it was too late. I could never repair the neglect of my youth. Let every young man and woman be warned by my example, and understand that good handwriting is a necessary part of education. I am now of the opinion that children should first be taught the art of drawing before learning to write. Let the child learn his letters by observation as he does different objects, such as flowers, birds, etc. and let him learn to handwrite only after he has learnt to draw objects. He will then write a beautifully formed hand.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଯଦିଓ ବ୍ୟାୟାମରେ ଅବହେଳା ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ ମୋ ପାଇଁ ସେତେ ଗୁରୁତର ନ ଥୁଲା, ତଥାପି ମୁଁ ଏବେ ବି ଆଉ ଏକ ଅବହେଳାର ଶାସ୍ତି ପାଉଛି । ମୁଁ ଜାଣିପାରୁନି କେତେବେଳେ ମୋଠାରେ ଏଭଳି ଧାରଣା ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହେଲା ଯେ ସୁନ୍ଦର ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର ଶିକ୍ଷାର ଏକ ଆବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ଅଙ୍ଗ ନୁହେଁ, ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡକୁ ଯିବା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ମୋର ଏହି ଧାରଣା ବଳବତ୍ତର ରହିଥିଲା । ପରେ ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଆଫ୍ରିକାରେ ଜନ୍ମଗ୍ରହଣ କରି ଶିକ୍ଷାପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ହୋଇଥିବା ଓକିଲ ଓ ଯୁବକମାନଙ୍କର ସୁନ୍ଦର ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର ମୁଁ ଦେଖିଲି । ମୁଁ ନିଜକୁ ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ମନେକଲି ଓ ମୋର ଅବହେଳା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଅନୁତାପ କଲି । ମୁଁ ବୁଝିଲି ଯେ ଅସୁନ୍ଦର ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷରକୁ ଅସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ଏକ ଲକ୍ଷଣ ବୋଲି ମନେ କରାଯିବା ଉଚିତ । ପରେ ମୁଁ ମୋ ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷରରେ ଉନ୍ନତି ଆଣିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରିଥୁଲି ମାତ୍ର କରିଥିବା ଅବହେଳାର ଭରଣା କରିପାରିଲି ନାହିଁ । ମୋ ଉଦାହରଣରୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପୁରୁଷ ଓ ନାରୀ ସତର୍କ ହୋଇଯାଆନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ହୃଦୟଙ୍ଗମ କରନ୍ତୁ ଯେ ସୁନ୍ଦର ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର ଶିକ୍ଷାର ଏକ ଆବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ଅଂଶ । ଏବେ ମୋର ମତ ହେଉଛି ଯେ ଲେଖା ଶିଖୁବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରଥମେ ଚିତ୍ରକଳା ଶିକ୍ଷା ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯିବା ଉଚିତ । ପିଲା ଫୁଲ, ପକ୍ଷୀ ଭଳି ପଦାର୍ଥକୁ ଅଙ୍କନ କରୁଥିବା ଭଳି ତାକୁ ନିରୀକ୍ଷଣ ମାଧମରେ ଅକ୍ଷର ଶିକ୍ଷା କଳା ଶିଖାଯାଉ ଏବଂ ପଦାର୍ଥଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଅଙ୍କନ କରିବା କଳା ଶିଖ୍ ପରେ ତା’କୁ ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର ଶିକ୍ଷା ଦିଆଯାଉ । ତା’ପରେ ସେ ଏକ ସୁନ୍ଦର ହାତଲେଖା କରିପାରିବ ।

Para-6: Sanskrit, however, proved a harder task. In geometry, there was nothing to memorize, whereas in Sanskrit, I thought, everything had to be learnt by heart. This subject was also commenced from the fourth standard. As soon as I entered the six, I became disheartened. The teacher was a hard taskmaster, anxious, as I thought, to force the boys. There was a sort of rivalry going on between the Sanskrit and the Persian teachers. The Persian teacher was lenient. The boys used to talk among themselves that Persian was very easy and the Persian teacher, was very good and considerate to the students. The ‘easiness’ tempted me and one day I sat in the Persian class. The Sanskrit teacher was grieved. He called me to his side and said: How can you forget that you are the son of a Vaishnava father? Won’t you learn the language of your own religion? If you have any difficulty, why not come to me? I want to teach you students Sanskrit to the best of my ability. As you proceed further, you will find in it things of absorbing interest. You should not lose heart. Come and sit again in the Sanskrit class.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସଂସ୍କୃତ ମୋ ପାଇଁ ଏକ କଷ୍ଟକର ବିଷୟ ଥିଲା । ଜ୍ୟାମିତିରେ ମନେ ରଖୁ ବା ମୁଖସ୍ଥ କରିବା ଭଳି କିଛି ନ ଥିଲା, କିନ୍ତୁ ସଂସ୍କୃତରେ ସବୁକିଛି ମୁଖସ୍ଥ କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ୁଥିଲା ବୋଲି ମୁଁ ମନେ କରୁଥୁଲି । ଏହି ବିଷୟ ମଧ୍ଯ ଚତୁର୍ଥ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଯାଉଥିଲା । ଷଷ୍ଠ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ କରିବା ମାତ୍ରେ ମୁଁ ହତୋତ୍ସାହିତ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଲି । ମୁଁ ଯାହା ମନେ କରୁଥୁଲି ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ପାଠ ଦେବାରେ ଜଣେ କଠୋର ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଥିଲେ ଓ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ନେବା ପାଇଁ ବାଳକମାନଙ୍କୁ ବାଧ୍ୟ କରୁଥିଲେ । ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଓ ପାର୍ସୀ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଏକପ୍ରକାର ପ୍ରତିଯୋଗିତା ବା ଶତ୍ରୁତା ଚାଲିଥିଲା । ପର୍ସିଆନ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଉଦାର ଥିଲେ । ବାଳକମାନେ ନିଜ ନିଜ ଭିତରେ କଥା ହେଉଥିଲେ ଯେ ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ବା ପାର୍ସୀ ବିଷୟ ବହୁତ ସହଜ ଓ ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଛାତ୍ରମାନଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତି ଅତି ଉତ୍ତମ ଓ ବିଚାରଶୀଳ ଥିଲେ । ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ବିଷୟର ସରଳତା ମୋତେ ଆକର୍ଷିତ କଲା ଓ ଦିନେ ମୁଁ ଯାଇ ପର୍ସିଆନ୍ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ବସିପଡ଼ିଲି । ଏହା ଦେଖ୍ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଦୁଃଖ ହୋଇଗଲେ । ସେ ତାଙ୍କ ନିକଟକୁ ମୋତେ ଡାକିଲେ ଓ କହିଲେ, ‘‘ତୁ କେମିତି ଭୁଲିଯାଉଛୁ ଯେ ତୁ ଜଣେ ବୈଷ୍ଣବ ପିତାର ପୁତ୍ର ? ତୁ କ’ଣ ତୋ ଧର୍ମର ଭାଷା ଶିଖୁ ନାହିଁ ? ତୋର ଯଦି କିଛି ଅସୁବିଧା ଅଛି, ମୋ ପାଖକୁ ଆସୁନାହୁଁ କାହିଁକି ? ମୁଁ ତୁମଭଳି ଛାତ୍ରମାନଙ୍କୁ ମୋର ଦକ୍ଷତା ଅନୁସାରେ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷା ଦେବି । ଆଗକୁ ଗଲେ ତୋତେ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଖୁବ୍ ଆନନ୍ଦଦାୟକ ମନେହେବ । ନିରୁତ୍ସାହିତ ହୁଅ ନାହିଁ । ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ପୁଣି ଆସି ବସ !’’

Para-7: This kindness put me to shame. I could not disregard my teacher’s affection. Today I cannot but thank with gratitude of Krishnashankar Pandya. For if I had not acquired the little Sanskrit that I learnt then, I should have found it difficult to take any interest in our sacred books. In fact I deeply regret that I was not able to acquire a more thorough knowledge of the language.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ଏଭଳି ଦୟାଶୀଳତାରେ ମୁଁ ନିଜକୁ ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ମନେକଲି । ମୁଁ ମୋ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କର ସ୍ନେହକୁ ଅସମ୍ମାନିତ କରିପାରିଲି ନାହିଁ । ଆଜି ମୁଁ ମୋର ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଶିକ୍ଷକ କ୍ରିଷ୍ଣଶଙ୍କର ପାଶ୍ୟାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତି କୃତଜ୍ଞତା ପ୍ରକାଶ ନ କରି ରହିପାରୁ ନାହିଁ । ସେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ଯଦି ସାମାନ୍ୟ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଜ୍ଞାନ ଲାଭ କରିନଥା’ନ୍ତି, ମୁଁ ତା’ହେଲେ ଆମ୍ଭମାନଙ୍କର ପବିତ୍ର ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ ପ୍ରତି ଉତ୍ସାହ ଦେଖାଇବାରେ କଷ୍ଟ ମନେ କରିଥା’ନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରକୃତରେ ମୋତେ ଗଭୀର ଦୁଃଖର ସହ କହିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ୁଛି ଯେ ସଂସ୍କୃତ ଭାଷାରେ ଅଧିକ ଜ୍ଞାନ ଲାଭ ପାଇପାରିଲି ନାହିଁ ।

About The Author:
As you all know, Mahatma Gandhi (born in 1869) was one of the tallest leaders in the world. He was the greatest leader of our independence movement (ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତା ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ). He is popularly called the Father of the Nation. But before he became the Mahatma (Great Soul) in his later life, Gandhi received his early education at Rajkot English School in Rajkot in the state of Gujarat. Later it became a full-fledged (ସମ୍ପୁର୍ଣ୍ଣ) High School and came to be known as Rajkot High School. Gandhi matriculated from this school in 1887 at the age of 18. After independence in 1947, the school was renamed the “Mohandas Gandhi High School” in honor of the Father of the Nation.

Meaning /Glossary:
wasn’t regarded — wasn’t considered (ବିବେଚନା କରାଯାଇନଥିଲା )
affection — adorátion (ସ୍ନେହ)
His affection overwhelmed (ଅତିଷ୍ କରିଦେଲା) me.
obtained — acquired or got (ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ବା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ)
The girl obtained (ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ) the first prize in the debate.
achievement— act of getting success (କୃତିତ୍ଵ ବା ସଫଳତା)
India had made several (a lot of) achievements in science.
merit — talent (ପ୍ରତିଭା)
I won the prize on my merit.
recollection — the memory of the past or what is remembered (ମରଣ)
He is in deep recollection.
astonished — surprised very much (ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟାନ୍ବିତ ହେଲି)
blemish — moral defect (ନୈତିକ ଦୋଷ)
jealously — very carefully / being afraid of losing something
Mohit jealously controlled his loose tongue (rebuke – ଗାଳି ବା ଅଶାଳୀନ ଭାଷା).
corporal punishment — punishment by beating (ଶାରୀରିକ ଦଣ୍ଡ)
desert — thing one deserves to get (ହକ୍ ବା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତଯୋଗ୍ୟ ବସ୍ତୁ)
Getting punishment for the wrong done by me is my desert.
wept — sobbed (କଇଁ କଇଁ ହୋଇ କାନ୍ଦିଲି )
piteously — painfully (କରୁଣ ଭାବରେ)
disciplinarian — one who is very strict in maintaining rules and forces others to obey them
(କଠୋର ଶୃଙ୍ଖଳିତ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି)
Our headmaster is a disciplinarian.
curriculum — course of study (ପାଠ୍ୟକ୍ରମ)
took part — participated (ଅଂଶଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ )
I took part in school sports.
shyness — reticence, the act of using a very few words
She is girl of shyness. (ଲୋ ଏକ ଲାଜକୁଳୀ ଝିଅ ।)
aloofness — isolation / act of staying away from something (ଦୂରେଇ ରହିବା ପ୍ରକ୍ରିୟା)
Aloofness from public contact is the best prevention of Coronavirus.
false notion — false idea (ଭ୍ରାନ୍ତ ଧାରଣା)
incident — happening/event (ଘଟଣା)
Life is full of incidents.
rebuke — scold or reproof (ଗାଳି)
Don’t take your mother’s rebuke to heart. (ମା’ଙ୍କର ଗାଳିକୁ ହୃଦୟରେ ଧର ନାହିଁ ।)
least — bare minimum or trivial (ତୁଚ୍ଛ ବା ସାମାନ୍ୟ)
Even the least offence (ସାମାନ୍ୟ ପାପ) draws tears from my eyes.
merited — deserved (ଦରକାର କରୁଥୁଲି) (ନିନ୍ଦା ବା ପ୍ରଶଂସା)
I merited a prize for my brilliant performance in the play (ନାଟକରେ ).
gymnastics — exercises to develop muscles or display agility (ମାଂସପେଶୀର ବିକାଶ ବା କ୍ଷିପ୍ର ତାର ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ ନି ମିତ୍ତ ବ୍ୟାୟାମ )
dislike — hatred (ଘୃଣା ବା ଅନିଚ୍ଛା)
as soon as — immediately after (ପରେ)
As soon as the bell rang (ବେଲ୍‌ ବାଜିବା ମାତ୍ରେ), the pupils came out of their classes.
would hurry home — went home hurriedly or quickly(ଘରକୁ ଶୀଘ୍ର ଚାଲିଯାଉଥ୍ଲି )
to exempt me —to free me (ମୋତେ ବିରତରଖି ବାପାଇଁ ବା କ୍ଷାନ୍ତ ବା ମୁକ୍ତି କରିବା ପାଇଁ) (କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା, ପରୀକ୍ଷା ଆଦିରୁ)
He requested the P.E.T. (Physical Education Teacher) to exempt him from the school sports.
being asked — as asked (ପଚରାଯିବାରୁ)
was convicted — was punished (ଦଣ୍ଡିତ ହେଲା)
lying — telling lies (ମିଛ କଥା | ମିଛ କଥା କହିବାରୁ)
innocence (N) — faultless (ନିରୀହତା)
Geeta is a girl of innocence. (ଗୀତା ଜଣେ ନିରୀହ ଝିଅ ।)
He cou1dn’t prove his innocence.(ସେ ନିଜର ନିରୀହତା ପ୍ରମାଣିତ କରିପାରଲା ନାହିଁ ।)
refused — didn’t approve (ଅନୁମୋଦନ କରିନାହାଁନ୍ତି)
Father refused to believe me.
indeepanguish— in profound gloom (ଗଭୀର ମାନସିକ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣାରେ)
instance — example (ଉଦାହରଣ)
carelessness — act of being without care /negligence (ଅବହେଳା ବା ଯତ୍ନହୀନତା)
Carelessness causes lots of accidents.
none the worse — not to be affected by (ଅପ୍ରଭାବିତ ବା ଅସମ୍ବେଦନଶୀଳ)
am still paying the penalty — am still suffering (ଏବେ ବି ଦଣ୍ଡ ବା ଦୁଃଖ ଭୋଗୁଛି
retained — upheld (ବଜାୟ ରଖୁଥୁଲି)
Pratap Jena, the Honourable M.L.A. of Mahanga retained his seat.
could never repair the neglect — could never make up the loss (କ୍ଷତିକୁ ଆଦୌ ଭରଣା କରିପାରିଲି ନାହିଁ )
of the opinion — in the view of (ମତରେ)
Shakti is of the opinion that he is the best athlete (କ୍ରୀଡ଼ାବିତ୍).
repented — felt atoned (ଅନୁତପ୍ତ ହେଲି)
I repented of my carelessness in riding the bike.
beautifully formed hand — good handwriting (ସୁନ୍ଦ ର ହସ୍ତାକ୍ଷର)
especially — particularly (ବିଶେଷ ଭାବରେ)
was commenced — started or began ( ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିଲା)
The game was commenced after a short rainfall.
harder task — difficult or tough lesson (କଷ୍ଟ ପାଠ)
had to be learnt by heart — had to be crammed (କୁଣ୍ଢାଇ ଦେବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିଥିଲା)
to improve — to do better (ଭଲ କରିବା ପାଇଁ)
became disheartened— lost courage or interest (ଆଗ୍ରହ ହରାଇଲି)
He became disheartened to see his marks.
rivalry — competition (ପ୍ରତିଯୋଗିତା)
Presently there is a rivalry between India and Pakistan.
leniern — liberal or soft (ଉଦାରବାଦୀ କିମ୍ବା ନରମ |)
Father is lenient.
considerate — one who considers the problems of others (ବିଚାରଶୀଳ)
A considerate person can help you out.
absorbing — deep or profound (ଗଭୀର କିମ୍ବା ଗଭୀର)
I read the letter with absorbing interest.
sacred — holy (ପବିତ୍ର)
Lord Jagannath is great for the sacred Hindus.
The Quran is a sacred epic (ପବିତ୍ର ମହାକାବ୍ୟ)
exemption — liberty or act of freeing (ଛାଡ଼)
I requested the headmaster for the exemption of fine.
to be best of my ability — best per my potential (ମୋର ଦକ୍ଷତା)
faint — unclear or hazy (ଅସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ବା ମଳିନ)
I have a fruit idea of the travel.
remitted — exempted (ମୁକ୍ତ)
Finally he succeeded (ସଫଳ ହେଲା |) in getting his late fine remitted.
grieved — deeply hurt (ଗଭୀର ଆଘାତ)
Are you grieved now?
tempted — enticed/attracted (ପ୍ରଲୋଭିତ / ଆକର୍ଷିତ )
The sight of the valley tempted me.
infact — really (ପ୍ରକୃତରେ)
In fact you are my best friend.
regret — feel sad (ଦୁଃଖ ଅନୁଭବ କରିବା)
I deeply regret your loss.
to acquire — to get (ପାଇବା ପାଇଁ)

BSE Odisha 10th Class English Detailed Text:

• All Things Bright and Beautiful Question Answer
• A letter to God Question Answer
• The Solitary Reaper Question Answer
• At the High School Question Answer
• Village Song Question Answer
• Festivals of North-East India Question Answer
• The Flower-School Question Answer
• Air Pollution: A Hidden Menace Question Answer
• From the Formalin Jar Question Answer
• School’s Goodbye Question Answer

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class English Solutions Chapter 9 From the Formalin Jar Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 10th English Chapter 9 From the Formalin Jar Question Answers BSE Odisha

From the Formalin Jar Class 10 Questions and Answers

F. Let’s Understand The Poem:

Question 1.
What is this poem about?
(କବିତାଟି କେଉଁ ବିଷୟରେ ଲିଖ୍ ?)
Answer:
This poem is about the display (ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ) of Vicky’s brain, whose life was cut short for careless driving.

Question 2.
Where is Vicky’s brilliant brain?
(ଭିକିର ଚମତ୍କାର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଅଛି ?)
Answer:
Vicky’s brilliant brain is in a formalin jar.

Question 3.
Why is the brain put inside the formalin jar ?
(ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କକୁ କାହିଁକି ଫର୍ମାଲିନ୍ କାଚପାତ୍ର ବା ନଳୀ ଭିତରେ ରଖାଯାଇଛି ?)
Answer:
The brain is put inside the formalin jar as a display (ଏକ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ ରୂପେ) for students to gain knowledge.

Question 4.
Who does ‘I’ refer to in the poem?
(କବିତାରେ ‘I’ କାହାକୁ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
In the poem ‘I’ refers to Vicky’s brain.

Question 5.
How does the brain feel inside the jar ?
(କାଚନଳୀ ବା ପାତ୍ର ଭିତରେ ଥ‌ିବା ଭିକିର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ କ’ଣ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The brain feels itself as an object of disdain or hatred (ଏକ ଘୃଣିତ ବସ୍ତୁ ରୂପେ) inside the jar.

Question 6.
Who is the brain talking about?
(ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ କାହା ବିଷୟରେ କହୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The brain is talking about a smart and healthy youth ‘Vicky’.

Question 7.
What does the brain say about Vicky ?
(ଭିକି ବିଷୟରେ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ କ’ଣ କହୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The brain in the formalin jar says that Vicky was a strong, stout, careful, and brilliant boy.

Question 8.
Do you think that Vicky and the brilliant brain are two persons ? Why ?
କ’ଣ ଭାବୁଛ ଭିକି ଓ ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ ଦୁଇ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଅଟନ୍ତି ? କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
No, I don’t think so. Because it is Vicky’s brain that is put separately (ଅଲଗା) in the formalin jar after Vicky’s terrible death in an accident.

Question 9.
Which were Vicky’s favorite subjects?
( ଭିକିର ପ୍ରିୟ ପାଠ୍ୟବିଷୟଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Vicky’s favourite subjects were computers and mathematics.

Question 10.
What was the motto of his life?
(ତା’ର ଜୀବନର ନୀତିବାକ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The motto (ନୀତି ବାକ୍ୟ) of Vicky’s life was “No pain, No gain.” (କଷ୍ଟ, ଲାଭ ନାହିଁ )

Question 11.
Was Vicky good at her studies? How do you know this?
(ଭିକି ପାଠପଢ଼ାରେ ଭଲ ଥିଲା କି ? ତୁମେ ଏହା କିପରି ଜାଣୁଛ ?)
Answer:
Yes, Vicky was good at studies. Because he had a brilliant brain. Besides he excelled (ଚମତ୍କାର ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରୁଥିଲା) in mathematics and computers.

Question 12.
Vicky loved his parents. Which line says so?
(ଭିକି ନିଜର ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କୁ ଭଲ ପାଉଥିଲା । କେଉଁ ଧାଡ଼ି ଏକଥା ଦର୍ଶାଉଛି ?)
Answer:
Vicky loved his parents. The line that says so is “Vicky’s love for his parents was truly insane.”

Question 13.
Which word says that Vicky loved his grandmother very much?
(ଭିକି ତା’ର ଜେଜେମା’କୁ ଖୁବ୍ ଭଲ ପାଉଥିଲା ବୋଲି କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦଟି ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The word adored’ (ଆଦର କରୁଥିଲା) says that Vicky loved his grandmother very much.

Question 14.
What else, besides studies, did Vicky do during his college days?
(ପାଠପଢ଼ା ଛଡ଼ା ଭିକି ନିଜର କଲେଜ ଦିନମାନଙ୍କରେ କ’ଣ କରୁଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Besides studies, Vicky in his college days was in love.

Question 15.
Who was Lorraine? Why did he steal a glance at her?
(ଲୋରେନ୍ କିଏ ଥୁଲା ? ସେ (ଭିକି) କାହିଁକି ତାକୁ ଲୁଚିଛପି ଚାହୁଁଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Lorraine was Vicky’s girl classmate. He stole a glance at her as he loved her deeply.

Question 16.
Why does the poet say that only the brain could explain the cause of Vicky’s heart-beat; thud-thud?
(କବି କାହିଁକି କହିଛନ୍ତି କେବଳ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ ହିଁ ଭିକିର ହୃଦୟ ସ୍ପନ୍ଦନର ଭୟମିଶ୍ରିତ ଶବ୍ଦ କହିପାରିବ ?)
Answer:
The poet says that only the brain could explain the cause of Vicky’s heartbeat: thud-thud because it (the brain) is directly related to the heart.

Question 17.
Read stanza 5 and stanza 6 again. What are they about? How are they different from others?
(ପଡ୍‌ ୫ ଓ ପଡ୍‌ ୬କୁ ପୁନଶ୍ଚ ପଢ଼ । ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ କାହା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ?ଏହି ଦୁଇଟି ପଡ୍‌ତ୍ତି କିଭଳି ଅନ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କଠାରୁ ଭିନ୍ନ ?)
Answer:
Stanza 5 and stanza 6 are about Vicky’s death in an accident. They are different from others as (ଯେହେତୁ) they describe how a simple mistake took Vicky’s life causing the family’s tragedy.

Question 18.
Where was Vicky riding? When and why?
(ଭିକି ଗାଡ଼ି ଚଳାଇ କେଉଁଠାକୁ ଯାଉଥିଲା ? କେତେବେଳେ ଓ କାହିଁକି ?)
Answer:
Vicky was riding to his friend’s house in the next lane on a wet rainy day to attend to an ordinary task.

Question 19.
Where was his friend’s house? Was it very far?
(ତାହାର ସାଙ୍ଗର ଘର କେଉଁଠାରେ ଥିଲା ? ଏହା କ’ଣ ବହୁତ ଦୂରରେ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
His friend’s house was in the next lane. No, it was not too far.

Question 20.
Why did he go to his friend?
(ସେ କାହିଁକି ତା’ର ସାଙ୍ଗ ପାଖକୁ ଯାଇଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
He (Vicky) went to his friend for some ordinary work.

Question 21.
What caused the accident? Which words in the poem describe the accident?
(କେଉଁଥ‌ିପାଇଁ | କାହିଁକି ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା ଘଟିଲା ? କବିତାରେ କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦସବୁ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା ବିଷୟରେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
Going to his friend’s house without wearing his helmet caused Vicky’s accident and tragic death. The words which describe the accident are “He met with an accident gory and inhumane.”

Question 22.
What meaning does the line – ‘For once, from wearing his helmet he did refrain convey? Was it Vicky’s habit to wear his helmet while riding his bike?
(ଧାଡ଼ି “For once, from wearing his helmet he did refrain’ କେଉଁ ଅର୍ଥ ପ୍ରଦାନ କରୁଛି ? ନିଜର ବାଇକ୍ ଚଳାଇଲାବେଳେ ହେଲମେଟ୍ ପିନ୍ଧିବା ଭିକିର ଏକ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ଥିଲା କି ?)
Answer:
The line “For once, from wearing his helmet he did refrain” conveys (implies) Vicky’s not wearing his helmet for the first time in his life. Yes, it was Vicky’s habit to wear his helmet while riding his bike.

Question 23.
How did the accident affect Vicky and his family?
(ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା କିପରି ଭିକି ଓ ତା’ର ପରିବାରକୁ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ କରିଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Vicky lost his life in the accident and his gruesome (ଶୋଚନୀୟ ) death in the accident plunged (ବୁଡ଼ାଇ ଦେଇଥିଲା) his family into huge shock (ପ୍ରଚଣ୍ଡ ଦୁଃଖରେ ).

Question 24.
What message does the poet have for the young generation through this poem?
(ଏହି କବିତା ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ କବି ଯୁବ ପିଢ଼ିପାଇଁ କେଉଁ ସନ୍ଦେଶ ବା ବାର୍ତ୍ତା ଦେଇଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
In this poem, the poet’s message is clear and serious. She warns (ସତର୍କ କରାଇ ଦେଇଛନ୍ତି ) the younger generation against risky (dangerous) driving.

Question 25.
Can you say why such dreadful accidents occur on road and cause death every moment?
(ତୁମେ କ’ଣ କହିପାରିବ କାହିଁକି ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ମୁହୂର୍ତ୍ତରେ ରାସ୍ତାରେ ଏଭଳି ଭୟଙ୍କର ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା ଘଟୁଛି ଓ ଜୀବନହାନି ଘଟାଉଛି ? )
Answer:
Such (ଏଭଳି) dreadful (ଭୟଙ୍କର) accidents occur (ଘଟୁଛି) on road and cause (ଘଟାଉଛି ) death every moment due to careless and fast driving and also driving without helmets.

Question 26.
Suggest some ways to reduce Road Traffic Injuries (RTI)?
(ରାସ୍ତା ଗହଳିଜନିତ ମୃତାହତ ସଂଖ୍ୟା କମାଇବାର କେତୋଟି ଉପାୟର ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଦିଅ ।)
Answer:
Rules like (ଭଳି) wearing helmets, safe driving, avoiding (ଦୂରେଇ ରହିବା ) talking on mobiles, refraining (ଦୂରେଇ ରହିବା) from listening to music on mobiles, riding on the right route, etc. can help reduce Road Traffic Injuries.

G. Let’s Appreciate The Poem:

Question 1.
Who donated Vicky’s brain to the Medical College? How is it preserved and used?
(କିଏ ଭିକିର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କକୁ ମେଡ଼ିକାଲ କଲେଜକୁ ଦାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ? ଏହାକୁ କିଭଳି ସଂରକ୍ଷିତ କରି ରଖାଯାଇଛି ଓ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଉଛି ?)
Answer:
Vicky’s parents donated Vicky’s brain to the Medical College. It is preserved in a formalin jar on display to promote knowledge gain to the medical students.

Question 2.
What does the line ‘On display to promote knowledge gain’ express?
(ଧାଡ଼ି ‘On display to promote knowledge କ’ଣ ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The line “On display to promote knowledge gain” suggests that from the display (ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନରୁ)of Vicky’s (human) brain the students gain more knowledge about its construction and functions.

Question 3.
What is called a specimen? Why is the brain preserved as a specimen?
(Specimen କ’ଣ ? ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କକୁ ଏକ ନମୁନା ରୂପେ କାହିଁକି ରଖାଯାଇଛି ?)
Answer:
A specimen is a model. The brain is preserved as a specimen to provide more knowledge to the students about this useful organ of the human body.

Question 4.
How was the brilliant brain a part of a living human two years ago?
(କିଭଳିୁ ଇ ବର୍ଷ ପୂର୍ବେ ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ ଏକ ଜୀବନ୍ତ ମାନବର ଗୋଟିଏ ଅଂଶ | ଅଙ୍ଗ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
Two years ago the brilliant brain, now kept in the formalin jar, was possessed by a handsome (ସୁନ୍ଦର) and strong youth named Vicky.

Question 5.
What does the phrase – ‘Yet ended up in this jar’ mean to you?
(ବାକ୍ୟାଶ ‘Yet ended up in this jar ‘ର ଅର୍ଥ ତୁମେ କ’ଣ ବୁଝୁଛ ?)
Answer:
The phrase “Yet ended up in this jar” means at last Vicky’s brain rested in the formalin jar though it has no stroke, tumor, or bugs within it.

Question 6.
Which expression suggests that Vicky was hard-working?
(କେଉଁ ଉକ୍ତି ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି ଯେ ଭିକି ପରିଶ୍ରମୀ ଥିଲା ?)
Answer:
The expression which suggests (ସୂଚିତ କରୁଛି) that Vicky was hard working is “Full of life and vigor, sun, wind or rain”.

Question 7.
Why does the poet say? “Only I could explain”?
(କବି କାହିଁକି କହିଛନ୍ତି ‘କେବଳ ମୁଁ ହିଁ ବୁଝାଇପାରିବି? ?)
Answer:
The poet says. “Only I could explain” because it is Vicky’s brain that can say why his heart got ‘thuds’

Question 8.
Should we consider such demise ‘h chance or by choice’?
(ଭିକିର ଏଭଳି ମୃତ୍ୟୁକୁ ଆମ୍ଭେମାନେ ପରିସ୍ଥିତି ନା ଇଚ୍ଛାସୃଷ୍ଟ ବୋଲି କହିବା ?)
Answer:
We should consider such demise (death of Vicky ‘by chance’.

Question 9.
The poet uses flashback, which Is often used to recount events that had happened before the story started. Which stanzas talk about the past events and which ones the present incident ? (ଗଳ୍ପ ଆରମ୍ଭ ପୂର୍ବରୁ କବି ଅତୀତ ଘଟଣା ଯାହାକି ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଘଟିଛି ତା’ର ସ୍ମୃତିଚାରଣ କରିଛନ୍ତି । କବିତାରେ କେଉଁ ପଙ୍‌କ୍ତିଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଅତୀତ ଘଟଣା ଓ କେଉଁ ପଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନର ଘଟଣାକୁ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତ କରୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The poet uses flashback, which is often used to recount events that had happened before the story started. The stanzas stating past events are:
“On a wet monsoon day. for a task mundane
Vicky rode his bike to his friend in the next lane;
For once, from wearing his helmet he did refrain
God! He met with an accident gory and inhumane.” (Stanza — 5)
and
“All it look was a stray moment inane
A young life lost, a family crushed with pain;
Dear friends, take care; risky driving can be the bane
DRIVE SAFE — let your precious life not be in vain! (Stanza — 6)
Similarly stanza — 3 and stanza — 4 also talk about past events.
The stanza stating present events is:
“Hi ! ¡ am Vicky’s brilliant brain
Sitting in a tourmaline jar with disdain:
On display to promote knowledge gain
Watching people stare at new again and again. (Stanza – I)
Similarly stanza — 2 also talks about the present incident.

Question 10.
Find the rhyming words in the poem.
(କବିତାରେ ଯତିପାତ ଶବ୍ଦସବୁ (ସମାନ ଉଚ୍ଚାରିତ) ଖୋଜି ବାହାର କର ।)
Answer:
The rhyming words in the poem are (1st stanza) brain — disdain, gain — again. (2nd stanza) specimen — human, within — chagrin. (3rd stanza) sane — rain, domain — gain. 4th stanza insane cane. Lorraine — explain, (5th stanza) mundane — lane. refrain — inhumane. (6th stanza) inane pain, banc — vain.

Question 11.
Why does the poet use capital letters for the first two words in the last line of the poem?
(କବିତାର ଶେଷ ଧାଡ଼ିରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଦୁଇଟି ଶବ୍ଦ ପାଇଁ କବି କାହିଁକି ବଡ଼ ଅକ୍ଷର ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The poet uses capital letters for the first two words in the last line of the poem (DRIVE SAFE) to stress upon (ଜୋର ଦେବା ପାଇଁ) ‘safe driving.

Question 12.
You read and understood the poem. Do you like the title of the poem? Why/ Why not? Can you suggest another title for the poem?
(ତୁମେ କବିତାଟି ପଢ଼ିସାରିଛ ଓ ବୁଝିସାରିଛ । କବିତାର ଶୀର୍ଷକ (ନାମ) ତୁମକୁ ଭଲ ଲାଗୁଛି କି ? କାହିଁକି/କାହିଁକି ନୁହେଁ ? ତୁମେ କବିତା ପାଇଁ ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ଶୀର୍ଷକ ଦେଇପାରିବ କି ?)
Answer:
I like the title (name) of the poem. Because the formalin jar inside which Vicky’s brain is preserved gives a strong message (ବାର୍ତ୍ତା) how the jar will keep waiting (ଅପେକ୍ଷା କରି ରହିବ) for a careless boy like Vicky who suffered a premature death (ଏକ ଅକାଳ ମୃତ୍ୟୁର ଶିକାର ହୋଇଥିଲେ)without wearing a helmet.

H. Let’s Listen And Speak:

(a) Listen to the following sentences about the poem (Your teacher reads the sentences aloud.) and say whether they are right or wrong. Then correct the sentences in case you find them wrong. (କବିତା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଶୁଣ (ତୁମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ବାକ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଉଚ୍ଚ ସ୍ୱରରେ ପଢ଼ିବେ) ଏବଂ କୁହ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଠିକ୍ ନା ଭୁଲ୍ । ତା’ପରେ ଯେଉଁଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ତୁମେ ଭୁଲ୍ ଦେଖୁଛ ଠିକ୍ କର ।)

(i) Vicky’s brain was sitting in the formalin jar with pleasure and respect.
(ii) The brain didn’t like the people staring at him.
(iii) The brain felt insulted to be a specimen for others.
(iv) Vicky was a strong and stout young man.
(v) He was good at math and computer.
(vi) He believed in taking the pain to succeed in life.
(vii) He liked neither his grandmother nor her wrinkles and stick.
(viii) All his friends in the college disliked him.
(ix) He rode to his friend on a monsoon day for important work.
(x) His friend’s house was very far from his place.
(xi) He usually liked to wear helmets.
(xii) He was killed in a serious accident.
(xiii) He was clever, handsome, and careful.
Answer:
(i) Wrong
Right: Vicky’s brain was sitting in the formalin jar with disdain.
(ii) Right
(iii) Right
(iv) Right
(v) Right.
(vi) Right
(vii) Wrong
Right: He liked both his grandmother and her wrinkles and the stick.
(viii) Wrong
Right: All his friends in the college liked him.
(ix) Wrong
Right: He rode to his friend on a monsoon day for ordinary work.
(x) Wrong
Right: His friend’s house, was very near to his place.
(xi) Right
(xii) Right
(xiii) Right

(b) Pronounce the following words correctly.(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଠିକ୍ ଭାବରେ ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ କର ।)
disdain, gain, again, human, sane, rain, insane, cane, explain, mundane, refrain, inhumane, pain, bane, in vain
Answer:
disdain — ଅବମାନନା |
gain — ଗେନ୍
again — ଏଗେନ୍
human — ହ୍ୟୁମାନ୍
sane — ସାନ
rain — କେନ୍
insane — ପାଗଳ |
cane — କେନ୍
explain — ଏକ୍ସପେନ୍
mundane — ସାଂପ୍ରତିକ
refrain — ରିଫ୍ରେନ୍
inhumane — ଇହ୍ୟୁମେନ୍
pain — ସେନ୍
bane —  ବେନ୍
in vain — ଇନ୍ ଭେନ୍

(c) Imagine that Vicky’s friend, Akash visited the Niedleal College, where Vicky’s brain was preserved in a formalin Jar. Given below Is a dialogue between Vicky’s brain and his friend, Akash. Practise the dialogue. (ମନେକର ଭିକିର ସାଙ୍ଗ ଆକାଶ ମେଡ଼ିକାଲ କଲେଜ ପରିଦର୍ଶନରେ ଯାଇଥିଲେ, ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ଭିକିର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ ଗୋଟିଏ ଫର୍ମାଲିନ୍ ଜାର୍‌ରେ ସଂରକ୍ଷଣ କରି ରଖାଯାଇଥିଲା । ନିମ୍ନରେ ଭିକିର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ ଓ ଆକାଶ ମଧ୍ଯରେ ହୋଇଥ‌ିବା କଥାବାର୍ତ୍ତା ଦିଆଯାଇଛି । ସଂଳାପଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କର ।)
Brain       : Hi Friend ! How’re you?
Akash      : Good. Who’s speaking?
Brain      : I’m Vicky’s brain.
Akash     : Where you’re?
Brain      : ln the formalin jar
Akash     : Who put you here?
Brain      : The doctor.
Akash    : What for?
Brain      : For display! Student’. will gain knowledge.
Akash    : How did the doctor find you?
Brain     : Listen, Vicky was a young college boy. He was strong, stout, careful, and brilliant. One monsoon day he was riding without wearing the helmet to his friend who lived the next lane. On the way, he was killed in an accident. The doctor parted me from his body and put it here for his students to gain knowledge.
Akash   : How sad!
Brain     : Dear Friend, Vicky was a brilliant boy, but on that fateful day he took it casually to wear his helmet as he was to ride to his friend who was staying the next lane. For his carelessness, a precious life was lost. So please be careful and always DRIVE SAFE on road. Don’t lose your life and put your family in sorrow and suffering.
Akash    : Thank you Friend for your advice. I’m very sorry for Vicky, my fast friend, bye, see you!

I. Lets Read And Write:
(a) Given below is a table showing a chart of penalties for the road offences. Read the table and write a sentence for each. (ରାସ୍ତା ନିୟମରେ ଅବମାନନା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଦଣ୍ଡ ବା ଜରିମାନା ପରିମାଣ ଦର୍ଶାଉଥ‌ିବା ଏକ ସାରଣୀ ନିମ୍ନରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ହୋଇଛି । ସାରଣୀଟିକୁ ପଢ଼ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପାଇଁ ବାକ୍ୟଟିଏ ଲେଖ ।)

SI. No.	Offence	Penalty (Rs.) (Minimum Amount)
1	General	500
2	Rules of road regulation violation	500
3	Traveling without ticket	500
4	Unauthorized use without license	5,000
5	Driving without licence	5,000
6	Disobedience of orders of authorities	2,000
7	Drink and Drive	10,000
8	Speeding or Racing	5,000
9	Vehicle without permit	10,000
10	Driving without qualification	10,000
11	Without Seat belt	1,000
12	Without helmet	1,000
13	Oversized vehicles	5,000
14	Not providing way for emergency vehicle	10,000
15	Over speeding	1,000/2,000
16	Driving without insurance	2,000
17	Dangerous driving penalty	5,000
18	Offences by juveniles	25,000
19	Overloading of passengers	1,000 / 1 passenger
20	Overloading of two-wheelers	2,000

Answer:
1. As per (ଅନୁସାରେ ) the Motor Vehicle Act, for general violation, you will have to pay (ଦେବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବ) a fine of Rs. 500/-.
2. As per the Motor Vehicle Act, for the rules of road regulation violation, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 500/-.
3. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you travel without a ticket, you will have to pay a fine of Rs.500/-.
4. As per Motor Vehicle Act, for unauthorized use (ଅନଷ୍କୃତ ବ୍ୟବହାର) without a license, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/-.
5. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you are driving without license, you have to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/-.
6. As per the Motor Vehicle Act, for disobedience (ଉଲ୍ଲଙ୍ଘନ) of orders of authorities, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 2,000/-.
7. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you drink and drive on the road, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 10,000/-.
8. As per Motor Vehicle Act, for speeding or racing, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/-.
9. As per Motor Vehicle Act, for driving a vehicle without a permit, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 10,000/-.
10. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you drive without qualification, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 10,000/-.
11. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you drive without a seat belt, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 1,000/-.
12. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you ride without a helmet, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 1,000/-. –
13. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you ride an oversized vehicle, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/-.
14. As per the Motor Vehicle Act, if you don’t provide a way (ରାସ୍ତା/ବାଟ ନ ଦିଅ) for an emergency vehicle, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 10,000/-.
15. As per Motor Vehicle Act, for overspeeding, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 1,000/- or Rs. 2,000/-.
16. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you drive/ride without insurance, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 2,000/-.
17. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you drive dangerously, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/-.
18. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you are a juvenile (ନାବାଳକ) and found riding, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 25,000/-.
19. As per Motor Vehicle Act, if you are found to have the offence (ଅପରାଧ) of overloading (ଆବଶ୍ୟକତାରୁ ଅଧ‌ିକ ଯାତ୍ରୀ ପରିବହନ), you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 1,000/- for each passenger.
20. As per Motor Vehicle Act, for overloading on two-wheelers, you will have to pay a fine of Rs. 2,000/-.

(b) Read the traffic symbols and write one sentence for each. The first one is done for you.
(ଟ୍ରାଫିକ୍ ସଙ୍କେତ ପଢ଼ ଓ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଲେଖାଏଁ ବାକ୍ୟ ଲେଖ । ପ୍ରଥମଟି ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କରି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)

Answer:
Example :
1. The first symbol indicates that there is a right-hand curve ahead.
2. The second symbol indicates that there is a left-hand curve ahead.
3. The third symbol indicates that there is a right hairpin bend ahead.
4. The fourth symbol indicates that there is a left hairpin bend ahead.
5. The fifth symbol indicates that there is a right reverse bend ahead.
6. The sixth symbol indicates that there is a left reverse bend ahead.
7. The seventh symbol indicates that there is a steep ascent ahead,
8. The eighth symbol indicates that there is a steep descent ahead.
9. The ninth symbol indicates that there is a narrow road ahead.
lO. The tenth symbol indicates that there is a road wideness ahead.
Il. The eleventh symbol indicates that there is a narrow pass ahead.
12. The twelfth symbol indicates that the road is slippery ahead.
13. The thirteenth symbol indicates that there is a loose grovel ahead.
14. The fourteenth symbol indicates that there is a cycle crossing ahead.
15. The fifteenth symbol indicates that there is a ¿ebra crossing for pedestrians ahead.
16. The sixteenth symbol indicates stopping the running vehicle.
17. The seventeenth symbol indicates giving way to other vehicles.
18. The eighteenth symbol indicates that the vehicles can go in one way only.
19. The nineteenth symbol indicates no entry of vehicles there.
20. The twentieth symbol indicates that the vehicles can go in one way only.
21. The twenty-first symbol indicates that vehicles can go in both directions but one way only.
22. The twenty-second symbol indicates that a right turn is prohibited here.
23. The twenty-third symbol indicates that a left turn is prohibited here.
24. The twenty-fourth symbol indicates a one-way pass to vehicles.
25. The twenty-fifth symbol indicates that a U-turn is prohibited here.
26. The twenty-sixth symbol indicates that overtaking is prohibited here.
27. The twenty-seventh symbol indicates that blowing horns are prohibited here.
28. The twenty-eighth symbol indicates that the speed limit is 65 km./h here.
29. The twenty-ninth symbol indicates that the vehicles must turn to the left here.
30. The thirtieth symbol indicates that the vehicles must go ahead here.
31. The thirty-first symbol indicates that the vehicles must turn right ahead.
32. The thirty-second symbol indicates that the vehicles must go ahead or turn right here.
33. The thirty-third symbol indicates that the vehicles must go ahead or turn to the left here.
34. The thirty-fourth symbol indicates that the vehicles must keep to the left here.
35. The thirty-fifth symbol indicates that the vehicles must blow their horns here.

(c) Imagine that you are a reporter of ‘The Times of India’ In Bhubaneswar. Write a report based on the incident/contents of the poem From the Formalin Jar’ for the newspaper. Suggest some ways to check road accidents, and advise young children to be careful about the trame rules. (ମନେକର ତୁମେ ‘The Times of India’ ଭୁବନେଶ୍ଵରର ଜଣେ ସାମ୍ବାଦିକ । ‘From the Formalin Jar’ କବିତାର ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ| ଘଟଣାବଳୀକୁ ଆଧାର କରି ଏକ ବିବରଣୀ ଲେଖ । ସଡ଼କ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ ପାଇଁ କେତେକ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଦିଅ ଏବଂ ଯୁବକ ଯୁବତୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ରାସ୍ତାର ନିୟମ ପ୍ରତି ଯତ୍ନଶୀଳ ହେବାକୁ ଉପଦେଶ ଦିଅ ।)
Answer:

Date:………………
Bhubaneswar

To
The Editor
The Times of India
Bhubaneswar

A TRAGIC ROAD ACCIDENT

Saheed Nagar. Bhubaneswar, 3rd June: It was a wet monsoon day yet there was heavy traffic on the roads. Vicky, a young smart boy, rode his bike to his friend’s house in the next lane. Vicky was very sincere, but that day he did not wear his helmet for the first time. To his bad luck, a truck coming from Acharya Vihar at a high speed hit his bike and he got a severe head injury and died on the spot. The police rushed to the spot and send the body to the hospital. This tragic road accident happened due to the high speed of the truck and the carelessness of the boy. If he wore a helmet, he would not have lost his life. So young children should be careful about the traffic rules while riding on the road. They should obey traffic rules like wearing helmets, and driving a considerable speed. avoid talking on mobiles ut listening to music etc.

Rajendra,
the reporter.

(d) Work in groups of four and prepare placards/posters on ROAD SAFETY. Display them near the school notice board. (Your teacher will guide you.)
(ଚାରିଜଣିଆ ଦଳ ହୋଇ ‘ସଡ଼କ ନିରାପତ୍ତା’ ବିଷୟରେ ପ୍ଲାକାର୍ଡ|ପୋଷ୍ଟର ତିଆରି କର । ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟର ନୋଟିସ୍ ବୋର୍ଡ ପାଖରେ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କର । (ତୁମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ତୁମକୁ ମାର୍ଗ ଦର୍ଶନ କରାଇବେ ।))

BSE Odisha 10th Class English From the Formalin Jar Important Questions and Answers

Very Short A Objective Questions With Answers
Answer The Following Questions In A Word Or A Phrase.

Question 1.
Whose brilliant brain is in the jar?
Answer:
Vicky’s

Question 2.
Who is Vicky?
Answer:
a strong and stout (ହୃଷ୍ଟପୁଷ୍ଟ ) youth

Question 3.
How is Vicky’s brain sitting?
Answer:
with disdain

Question 4.
Why is Vicky’s brain kept in the jar?
Answer:
to promote knowledge gain

Question 5.
What knowledge should pupils grow?
Answer:
about the functions of the brain

Question 6.
How do people treat the brain on the formalin jar?
Answer:
staring at it

Question 7.
What is Vicky’s brain like?
Answer:
brilliant

Question 8.
What is the brain kept for?
Answer:
as a specimen

Question 9.
What does the brain feel to be addressed (ସମ୍ବୋଲ୍ଡ କରାଯିବାରୁ) a specimen (ନମୁନା) ?
Answer:
insulting

Question 10.
How many years passed since Vicky died?
Answer:
two years

Question 11.
What sort of boy was Vicky?
Answer:
smart, vigorous, and healthy

Question 12.
What was Vicky’s domain?
Answer:
computers and maths

Question 13.
Whom did Vicky adore?
Answer:
his grandmother

Question 14.
“Only I could explain.’ Here for who does 1’ stand for?
Answer:
Vicky’s brain

Question 15.
What did Vicky refrain from one day?
Answer:
wearing his helmet

Fill In The Blanks With Right Words.

1. Vicky’s brain was in _____________.
Answer:
a formalin jar

2. _____________was insulting.
Answer:
Vicky’s brain being kept as a specimen

3. The expression ‘sun, wind or rain’ means _____________.
Answer:
all times

4. Vicky’s motto was _____________.
Answer:
‘No pain. No gain’

5. Vicky’s love for _____________ was true and great.
Answer:
his parents

6. In college Vicky glanced (looked) secretly at _____________.
Answer:
Lorraine

7. Vicky’s heart thudded at _____________.
Answer:
the sight of Lorraine

8. Vicky went to his friend’s house on _____________.
Answer:
a wet rainy day

9. The word ‘mundane’ means _____________.
Answer:
ordinary

10. Vicky went to his friend on _____________.
Answer:
a bike

11. Vicky’s accident was _____________.
Answer:
gory and inhumane

12. At Vicky’s death his family _____________ with pain.
Answer:
crushed

13. _____________ should be given importance to save life.
Answer:
Drive Safe

14. _____________ can be banc (cause tragedy).
Answer:
Risky driving

15. In the phrase ‘a stray moment’ the word ‘stray’ means _____________.
Answer:
painful or inattentive

Multiple Choice Questions (Mcqs) With Answers.
Pick out the correct alternative.

Question 1.
Vicky’s brilliant brain is sifting in a formalin jar with _____________.
(A) anguish
(B) astonishment
(C) disdain
(D) hatred
Answer:
(C) disdain

Question 2.
Vicky’s brilliant brain in the jar feels/felt _____________.
(A) disgusted
(B) anguished
(C) insulted
(D) pleasure
Answer:
(C) insulted

Question 3.
Vicky was full of life and vigor. This means Vicky was lively, strong, and _____________.
(A) stout
(B) healthy
(C) vigourous
(D) courigcous
Answer:
(A) stout

Question 4.
Vicky loved his _____________ and grandmother.
(A) grandfather
(B) parents
(C) mother
(D) sister
Answer:
(B) parents

Question 5.
Vicky’s grandmother has/had _____________ on her body.
(A) red spots
(B) blackspots
(C) wrinkles
(D) stripes
Answer:
(C) wrinkles

Question 6.
_____________ was Vicky’s girlfriend.
(A) Norraine
(B) Florraine
(C) Glorraine
(D) Lorraine
Answer:
(D) Lorraine

Question 7.
One day Vicky set out for his friend’s house without wearing his _____________.
(A) spectacles
(B) wristwatch
(C) helmet
(D) forest dress
Answer:
(C) helmet

Question 8.
Vicky met with an accident gory and _____________.
(A) bloody
(B) inhumane
(C) bane
(D) pathetic
Answer:
(B) inhumane

Question 9.
Vicky’s heart went _____________ when he stole a glance at Lorraine.
(A) thud-thud
(B) dhak-dhak
(C) hit-bit
(D) sim-sim
Answer:
(A) thud-thud

Question 10.
According to the poet, risky driving can be _____________.
(A) bane
(B) inane
(C) crushed
(D) inhumane
Answer:
(A) bane

Question 11.
Precious (Valuable) life can’t go wasted if we take up _____________.
(A) risky drive
(B) safe drive
(C) slow drive
(D) speed drive
Answer:
(B) safe drive

Question 12.
“Only I could explain.” Here ‘I’ stands for _____________.
(A) Vicky
(B) Vicky’s friend
(C) Vicky’s brain
(D) Vicky’s father
Answer:
(C) Vicky’s brain

From the Formalin Jar Summary in English

Lead-In:
The poem ‘From the Formalin Jar’ was written in September 2013 to create awareness (ସଚେତନତା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବା ପାଇଁ) about ‘Safe Driving’ (ନିରାପଦ ଗାଡ଼ିଚାଳନା) and other road safety rules in the community and published (ପ୍ରକାଶିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା।)online at youthspring net, a forum for nurturing youth well-being ( ଯୁବକଗୋଷ୍ଠୀର ମଙ୍ଗଳ ନିମନ୍ତେ ପ୍ରତିପୋଷଣ ପାଇଁ). This heart-breaking (ହୃଦୟ ବିଦାରକ) poem conveys (ପ୍ରତିଫଳିତ କରୁଛି) how a moment of simple carelessness (ସାମାନ୍ୟ ଯତ୍ନହୀନତାର ଏକ କ୍ଷଣ) cost (ମୂଲ୍ୟ ଦେବାକୁ ହେଲା) a young, lively and caring boy his precious life. In this poem “Vicky” is a fictional (କାଳ୍ପନିକ) character (ଚରିତ୍ର) created by the poet to warn people against breaking rules of road.

Stanzawise Explanation:
Stanza 1 (Lines 1 to 4)
Hi! I am Vicky’s brilliant brain
Sitting in a formalin jar with disdain;
On display to promote knowledge gain
Watching people stare at me again and again.

Gist: Hi! I am Vicky’s brilliant or sharpest brain. I am sitting in this formalin jar with strong contempt (hatred) preserved. I have been kept here by the doctor for the growth or promotion of knowledge of students. I am feeling insulted to be stared at me again and again.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ହେ ! ମୁଁ ହେଉଛି ଭିକିର ଚମତ୍କାର ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ । ତୀବ୍ର ଘୃଣାପୂର୍ବକ ମୁଁ ଏକ ଫର୍ମାଲିନ୍ ଜାର୍ ବା କାଚପାତ୍ରରେ ସୁରକ୍ଷିତ ଭାବରେ ବସିଛି । ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କର ଜ୍ଞାନ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ନିମିତ୍ତ ମୋତେ ଏଠାରେ ଡାକ୍ତରଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ରଖାଯାଇଛି । ବାରମ୍ବାର ଲୋକମାନେ ମୋତେ ଏକ ଲୟରେ ଚାହିଁ ରହିବାକୁ ମୁଁ ନିଜକୁ ଅପମାନିତ ମନେ କରୁଛି !

Stanza – 2 (Lines 5-8)
How insulting to be called a ‘specimen’
Two years ago I was part of a living human;
I got no stroke, tumor or bugs within
Yet ended up in this jar, to my chagrin.

Gist: Really I feel greatly insulted by being called a specimen (example or model). Two years ago I (the brain) was a part of a living human. Fortunately, I had no stroke, tumor or bug. Yet I had to remain in the jar thanks to anger.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ସତରେ ଏହି କାଚପାତ୍ରରେ ଲୋକମାନେ ମୋତେ ଏକ ନମୁନା ରୂପେ ବିବେଚିତ କରିବା ମୋତେ ବହୁତ ଅପମାନିତ ମନେହେଉଛି । ଦୁଇ ବର୍ଷ ପୂର୍ବେ ମୁଁ (ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ) ଏକ ଜୀବନ୍ତ ମାନବର ଏକ ଅଂଶ ଥିଲା । ସୌଭାଗ୍ୟବଶତଃ ମୁଁ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କାଘାତ ବା ଟ୍ୟୁମର ବା ସଂକ୍ରାମକ ରୋଗରେ ଆକ୍ରାନ୍ତ ନ ଥିଲି, ତଥାପି ମୋର ବିଷାଦ ବା କ୍ରୋଧର କାରଣ ହେଉଛି ଯେ ମୋତେ ଏହି କାଚ ଜାର୍‌ରେ ଶେଷରେ ରହିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିଲା ।

Stanza – 3 (Lines 9 – 12)
Vicky was a young boy, smart and sane
Full of life and vigor, sun, wind or rain;
Computers and maths were his domain
His motto in life was ‘No pain, No gain ’.

Gist: Vicky was a smart and healthy youth. He always looked vigorous and lively, no matter what happened. He was strong and an expert in computers and mathematics. His motto or moral principle in life was one must work hard to get success in life.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଭିକି ଥୁଲା ଜଣେ ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନ ଓ ସୁସ୍ଥ ଯୁବକ । ଯାହା ଘଟୁ ପଛେ ସେ ସର୍ବଦା କର୍ମଠ ଓ ପ୍ରାଣବନ୍ତ ଦେଖା ଯାଉଥିଲା । କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ଓ ଗଣିତରେ ସେ କୁଶଳୀ ଓଁ ଦକ୍ଷ ଥିଲା । ତା’ ଜୀବନର ନୀତି ବା ଆଦର୍ଶ ଥିଲା ଯେ ଜୀବନରେ ସଫଳତା ଲାଭ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଜଣଙ୍କୁ ପରିଶ୍ରମ କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବ ।

Stanza – 4 (Lines 13 – 16)
Vicky’s love for his parents was truly insane
And he adored his gran ’ma, wrinkles, and cane;
In college, when he stole a glance at Lorraine
Why his heart went thud-thud, only I could explain!

Gist: Vicky loved his parents immensely (very much). Besides, he (Vicky) adored (loved strongly) his pouchy (having lines in the body due to ripe old age) grandmother with a walking stick. While in college he had a quick and quiet look at his girlfriend Lorraine and his heart in panic (fear) would thud.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଭିକି ତା’ରି ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରକୃତରେ ଖୁବ୍ ଭଲ ପାଉଥିଲା । ଏହାଛଡ଼ା ଆଶାବାଡ଼ି ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଚାଲୁଥିବା କୁଞ୍ଚୁ ଚର୍ମଧାରୀ ନିଜର ଜେଜେମା’ଙ୍କୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଖୁବ୍ ଭଲ ପାଉଥିଲା । କଲେଜରେ ଭିକି ଯେତେବେଳେ ତାହାର ସହପାଠିନୀ (ଲୋରେନ୍) ଉପରେ କ୍ଷିପ୍ର ଓ ଚୋରା ଚାହାଣି ପକାଉଥିଲା, ଅଜଣା ଭୟରେ ତା’ର ହୃଦୟରେ କମ୍ପନ ଜାତ ହେଉଥିଲା ।

Stanza – 5 (Lines 17 – 20)
On a wet monsoon day, for a task mundane
Vicky rode his bike to his friend in the next lane;
For once, from wearing his helmet he did refrain
God! He met with an accident gory and inhumane.

Gist: On a rainy day Vicky rode his bike to his friend living in the next lane to attend to an ordinary task. This was the first time in his life Vicky went out without a helmet. O, God! On the way, he faced a bloody and barbaric accident.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଏକ ବର୍ଷଣମୁଖର ଦିନରେ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଗଳିରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିବା ନିଜର ଜଣେ ବନ୍ଧୁ ଘରକୁ ଭିକି ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟରେ ବାଇକ୍ ଚଳାଇ ଯାଇଥିଲା । ଜୀବନରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଥର ପାଇଁ ସେ ବିନା ହେଲ୍‌ମେଟ୍‌ରେ ଘରୁ ବାହାରିଥିଲା । ହେ ଭଗବାନ ! ସେ ରାସ୍ତାରେ ଏକ ରକ୍ତାକ୍ତ ଓ ନିର୍ଭୟ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣାର ସମ୍ମୁଖୀନ ହେଲା ।

Stanza – 6 (Lines 21 – 24)
All it took was a stray moment of insane
A young life lost, a family crushed with pain;
Dear friends, take care; risky driving can be a bane
DRIVE SAFE – let your precious life not be in vain!

Gist: It was just an act of stupidity on the part of Vicky for a moment. A young life was cut short. His family was shocked (very much in surprise and grief). Taking the example of Vicky, dear riders are appealed not to resort to (take to) terrible and fast driving which can bring in lots of misery. You are requested to drive safely not to allow your precious life to go uselessly.
ଅନୁବାଦ : ଭିକି ପାଇଁ ଏହା ଏକ ନିର୍ବୋଧ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ଥିଲା । ଅକାଳରେ ଏକ ଯୌବନ ଚାଲିଗଲା । ତାହାର ମୃତ୍ୟୁରେ ପୂରା ପରିବାର ଦୁଃଖ ବା ଶୋକରେ ମ୍ରିୟମାଣ ହୋଇଗଲା । ଭିକିର ଉଦାହରଣକୁ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିରେ ରଖ୍ ପ୍ରିୟ ଚାଳକମାନଙ୍କୁ ତୀବ୍ର ବେଗରେ ଗାଡ଼ି ନ ଚଳାଇବାପାଇଁ ନିବେଦନ କରାଯାଉଛି, ନଚେତ୍ ଏହା ବହୁତ ଦୁଃଖ ବା ଶୋକ ଆଣି ଦେଇପାରେ । ତୀବ୍ର ବେଗରେ ଗାଡ଼ି ଚଳାଇ ମୂଲ୍ୟବାନ୍ ଜୀବନକୁ ବ୍ୟର୍ଥରେ ନ ଯିବାକୁ ଦେବାପାଇଁ ଆପଣମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅନୁରୋଧ ।

About The Poet:
Dr. Reeta S. Mani is a doctor by profession (ବୃତ୍ତିରେ ) and a writer by passion (ପ୍ରବୃତ୍ତିରେ ). She is a Neurovirologist (ସ୍ନାୟୁଭୂତାଣୁବିଦ୍) at the National Institite of Mental Health and Neurosciences (ସ୍ନାୟୁ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ), Bengaluru. Dr. Reeta has published (online and in print) several (ଅନେକ) short stories, poems, essays, and (ଭ୍ରମଣ ବୃତ୍ତାନ୍ତ ), including (ସହିତ) several short stories for children. She loves to weave health information into her stories to educate and foster ( ବଢ଼ାଇବାପାଇଁ) inquisitiveness (ଜିଜ୍ଞାସା ବା ଜାଣିବାର ଇଚ୍ଛା) in children.

Notes And Glossary:
brilliant brain — very smart or intelligent brain (ଅତି ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନ ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କ)
formalin — a chemical compound of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon (ଉଦ୍‌ଜାନ, ଅମ୍ଳଜାନ ଓ ଅଙ୍ଗାରକର ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ଯୌଗିକ)
on display — the act of showing (ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ ନିମିତ୍ତ)
with disdain — with intensc hatred (ତୀବ୍ର ଘୃଣାର ସହିତ)
stare — look at somebody or something for a long time (ବହୁ ସମୟ ଧରି ଚାହିଁ ରହିବା)
specimen — sample (ନମୁନା)
stroke — brain attack (ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କାଘାତ)
tumour — a mas of abnormal cells grown in the body (ଅସ୍ଵାଭାବିକ କୋଷ ବୃଦ୍ଧିଜନିତ ମାଂସପିଣ୍ଡୁଳା )
bug — an illness caused by small organism such as bacteria (ବ୍ୟାକ୍ ଟେରି ଆଦ୍ଵାରା ସୃଷ୍ଟ ରୋଗ ବା ବ୍ୟାଧ୍) or an infectious illness (ଏକ ପ୍ରକାର ସଂକ୍ରାମକ ରୋଗ)
chagrin — anger or annoyance (କ୍ରୋଧ ବା ବିରକ୍ତି)
smart — well – dressed and neat (ପରିଷ୍କାର ଓ ସୁନ୍ଦର ପୋଷାକ ପରିହିତ)
You look very smart today.
sane — normal or sound (ସୁସ୍ଥ ବା ସ୍ଵାଭାବିକ)
The old fellow (man) looks sane today.
vigor — strength or energy (ଶକ୍ତି)
The lion has plenty of vigor.
domain — area of knowledge(ଜ୍ଞାନର କ୍ଷେତ୍ର)
The answer to this question is not in my mental domain.
motto — belief or ethic ନୀତି ବା ବିଶ୍ୱାସ)
“No pain. No gain” (କଷ୍ଟ କଲେ କୃଷ୍ଣ ମିଳେ is my motto.
insane — extreme or immense (ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ । ଅପାର)
truly — really (ପ୍ରକୃତରେ )
wrinkles — lines of loose skin (କୁଞ୍ଚୁତ ଚର୍ମ ବା ଚର୍ମରେ ଗାର ପଡ଼ିଥ‌ିବା)
That old woman has wrinkles all over her body.
cane — walking stick (ଆଶାବାଡ଼ି)
stole a glance — looked secretely (ଲୁଚିକରି ଦୃଷ୍ଟି ଦେଉଥବା)
went thud-thud — became panic and dull in sound (ଭୟରେ ହୃଦୟ ଧକ୍‌ ଧକ୍ ହେଉଥିଲା)
on a wet monsoon day — on a rainy day (ଏକ ବର୍ଷଣମୁଖର ଦିନରେ)
task — work (କାମ)
mundane — dull and ordinary (ସାଧାରଣ)
We are living an mundane existence
did refrain — stopped taking with (ନେବାରୁ ନିବୃତ୍ତ ରହିଲା)
gory — bloody (ରକ୍ତାକ୍ତ)
inhumane — unkind or gruesome (ଶୋଚନୀୟ ବା ନିର୍ଭୟ )
inane — stupidity (ବୋକାମି ) carelessness (ଯତ୍ନହୀନତା)
crushed with pain — shocked or went mourning ( ଦୁଃଖରେ ମ୍ରିୟମାଣ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ିଲେ)
bane — fatal, curse (ମାରାତ୍ମକ ବା ଅଭିଶାପ)
Sometimes science proves to be a bane.
stray — separated (ଅଲ ଗା, ବିଚ୍ଛିନ୍ନ)
A stray dog (ବୁ ଲା କୁକୁର) is walking along the village road.
in vain — useless (ଅଦରକାରୀ |)
All his attempts (ଚେଷ୍ଟା) went in vain.

BSE Odisha 10th Class English Detailed Text:

• All Things Bright and Beautiful Question Answer
• A letter to God Question Answer
• The Solitary Reaper Question Answer
• At the High School Question Answer
• Village Song Question Answer
• Festivals of North-East India Question Answer
• The Flower-School Question Answer
• Air Pollution: A Hidden Menace Question Answer
• From the Formalin Jar Question Answer
• School’s Goodbye Question Answer

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class History Solutions Chapter 7 ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟତାର ବିକାଶ Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 7 ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟତାର ବିକାଶ

୧। ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ୬୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଉଚ୍ଚ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ବିକାଶ ଓ ତାହାର ଫଳାଫଳ ଆଲୋଚନା କର ।
Answer:

• ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀର ଦ୍ବିତୀୟାର୍ଦ୍ଧରେ ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାରଙ୍କ ମନୋଭାବ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ହେବା ଫଳରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଇଂରାଜୀ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରସାର ଘଟିଲା । ୧୮୨୩ରେ ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟିୟାନ୍ ମିଶନାରୀମାନଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ଏକ ହିତକାରୀ ଦାତବ୍ୟ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ହେଲା ଓ ୧୮୪୧ରେ ସରକାର ଏହାର ପରିଚାଳନା ଭାର ହାତକୁ ନେଲେ ।
• ୧୮୫୪ ମସିହାରେ ଚାର୍ଲସ୍ ଉଡ଼ଙ୍କ ପାଠ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ସଂସ୍କାର ନିୟମ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ଓ ୧୮୫୭ ମସିହାରେ କୋଲ୍‌କତା ବିଶ୍ବବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରସାର ଦିଗରେ ସହାୟକ ହେଲା ।
• ୧୮୫୮ ମସିହାରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ପୁରୀ, କଟକ ଓ ବାଲେଶ୍ଵର ଜିଲ୍ଲାରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଲେଖାଏଁ ଜିଲ୍ଲା ସ୍କୁଲ ସମେତ ସରକାରୀ ଓ ସାହାଯ୍ୟପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ଏହିପରି ମୋଟ ୩୩ଟି ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ସ୍ଥାପିତ ହେଲା ।
• ୧୮୬୭ ମସିହାରେ କଟକ ଜିଲ୍ଲା ସ୍କୁଲକୁ ଇଣ୍ଟରମିଡ଼ିଏଟ୍ ମହାବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ଭାବେ ଉନ୍ନୀତ କରାଯାଇ ପରେ ସେଥ‌ିରେ ସ୍ନାତକ ଖୋଲାଯାଇଥିଲା ଓ ଏହି ମହାବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟଟି ତତ୍କାଳୀନ କମିଶନର ଟି.ଇ. ରେଭେନ୍ସାଙ୍କ ନାମରେ ନାମିତ ହେଲା ।
• ଫଳରେ ରେଭେନ୍ସା କଲେଜରେ ବହୁ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଯୁବକ ଉଚ୍ଚତର ଶିକ୍ଷାଲାଭ କଲେ, ଯେଉଁମାନେ କି ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟତାକୁ ଜାଗ୍ରତ କରି ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା, ସଂସ୍କୃତି ଓ ଓଡ଼ିଆମାନଙ୍କ ଏକତ୍ରୀକରଣ ପାଇଁ ସ୍ଵର ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ରର କିପରି ବିକାଶ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଛାପାଖାନା ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷାର ସୁରକ୍ଷା ଓ ବିକାଶ ନିମନ୍ତେ ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ୧୮୩୭ ମସିହାରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ମୁଦ୍ରଣଯନ୍ତ୍ର କଟକ ମିଶନ ପ୍ରେସ୍ ନାମରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହେଲା । ତେଣୁ ସାହିତ୍ୟ ଓ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ର ପ୍ରକାଶନ ସହଜ ହେଲା ।
• ୧୮୬୬ ମସିହାରେ କଟକରେ ଗୌରୀଶଙ୍କର ରାୟଙ୍କ ସମ୍ପାଦନାରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଦୀପିକା’, ୧୮୬୮ ମସିହାରେ ବାଲେଶ୍ଵରରେ ଫକୀରମୋହନ ସେନାପତିଙ୍କ ସମ୍ପାଦନାରେ ‘ସମ୍ବାଦବାହିକା’ ଓ ‘ବୋଧଦାୟିନୀ’, ୧୮୮୯ ମସିହାରେ ନୀଳମଣି ବିଦ୍ୟାରତ୍ନଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ବାମଣ୍ଡାରୁ ‘ସମ୍ବଲପୁର ହିତୈଷିଣୀ’ ଆଦି ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ର ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇବା ଫଳରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ରର ବିକାଶ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ଅନେକ ପତ୍ରିକା ବିଭିନ୍ନ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ପ୍ରକାଶିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଫଳରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ରର ବିକାଶ ହୋଇଥିଲା ଓ ଜନମତ ଜାଗ୍ରତ କରିବାରେ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଭୂମିକା ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲା ।

(ଗ) ଓଡ଼ିଆ-ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷା ବିବାଦ କିପରି ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଜାତୀୟ ଚେତନା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ଓଡ଼ିଆ-ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷା ବିବାଦ ଓଡ଼ିଆମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଜାତୀୟତା ଭାବ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଥିଲା । ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷାଆନ୍ଦୋଳନକୁ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଜାତୀୟତାବାଦର ଜନନୀ ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଏ ।
2. ଇଂରେଜମାନେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାକୁ ବଙ୍ଗଳାର ଏକ ଅଂଶ ରୂପେ ବିବେଚନା କରି ବଙ୍ଗୀୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ରାଜକର୍ମଚାରୀ ଭାବେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥାପିତ କରିଥିଲେ ଓ ଏହି ବଙ୍ଗୀୟମାନେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷା ପ୍ରଚାରରେ ମଗ୍ନ ରହିଲେ । .
3. ୧୮୪୯ ମସିହାରେ କଟକର କଲେକ୍ଟର ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷାକୁ ସରକାରୀ ଭାଷାରୂପେ ସ୍ବୀକୃତି ପ୍ରଦାନ କରିଥିଲେ; ଫଳରେ ଭାଷା ବିବାଦ ମୁଣ୍ଡ ଟେକିଲା ।
4. ପୁନଶ୍ଚ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଛାପାଖାନାର ଅଭାବ ଏବଂ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ବୁଦ୍ଧିଜୀବୀଙ୍କ ସଂଖ୍ୟା କମ୍ ହେତୁ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷାରେ ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକର ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବହୁତ କମ୍ ଥିଲା । ଏହାର ସୁଯୋଗ ନେଇ କେତେକ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ ବଙ୍ଗୀୟ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟମାନଙ୍କରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତେ ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷାର ପ୍ରଚଳନ ପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ୟମ କରିଥିଲେ ।
5. ତେଣୁ ନିଜ ଭାଷାକୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବାକୁ ନେଇ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିବା ସଂଘର୍ଷ ଏବଂ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର କେତେକ ବଙ୍ଗଭାଷୀ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିଙ୍କର ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ପ୍ରତି ସମର୍ଥନ ଓଡ଼ିଆମାନଙ୍କ ମନରେ ଏକ ନୂତନ ଜାତୀୟ ଚେତନା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିଥିଲା ।

(ଘ) ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ଗଠିତ ହୋଇଥିବା କେଉଁ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଜାତୀୟ ଜାଗରଣକୁ ବଳବତ୍ତର କରିଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟ ଜାଗରଣର ସୃଷ୍ଟି ନିମନ୍ତେ ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ଗଠିତ ଅନେକ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନର ଉଲ୍ଲେଖନୀୟଅବଦାନ ରହିଥିଲା ।
• ୧୮୮୨ ମସିହାରେ ରାଧାନାଥ ରାୟ, ପ୍ୟାରୀମୋହନ ଆଚାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଓ ଗୌରୀଶଙ୍କର ରାୟ ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ଓ ସଂସ୍କୃତିର ଉନ୍ନତି ନିମନ୍ତେ କଟକରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ସଭା’ ନାମକ ଏକ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ଗଠନ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ଏହି ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ସଭା’ ଜାତୀୟତାବାଦ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବାରେ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଭୂମିକା ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲା ।
• ଏହାବ୍ୟତୀତ ବାଲେଶ୍ବରରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଭାଷା ଉନ୍ନତି ବିଧାୟିନୀ ସଭା’, କଟକରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଭାଷା ଉଦ୍ଦୀପନୀ ସଭା’ ଓ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଉଲ୍ଲାସିନୀ ସଭା’ ଆଦି ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଜାତୀୟ ଜାଗରଣ ସୃଷ୍ଟିରେ ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ସେହିପରି ବ୍ରହ୍ମପୁର (ଗଞ୍ଜାମ)ରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ହିତବାଦିନୀ ସଭା’ ନାମକ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟ ଜାଗରଣକୁ ବଳବତ୍ତର କରିଥିଲା ।

(ଙ) ଧର୍ମକ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଦେଖାଦେଇଥିବା ‘ନବଜାଗରଣ’ କ’ଣ ଏବଂ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଜାତୀୟତା ବିକାଶ ଦିଗରେ ଏହା କିପରି ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀର ଦ୍ବିତୀୟାର୍ଦ୍ଧରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଧର୍ମକ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ନବ ଚେତନାର ପ୍ରଭାବ ପରିଲକ୍ଷିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟଧର୍ମ ଓ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଧର୍ମ ବିରୋଧରେ ଏକ ସଂସ୍କାରଧର୍ମୀ ଧର୍ମର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଅନୁଭୂତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଏହି ଆବଶ୍ୟକତାକୁ ପୂରଣ କରିବାରେ ସଫଳ ହୋଇଥିଲା ଓଡ଼ିଶା ମାଟିରୁ ସମ୍ଭୂତ ‘ସତ୍ୟ ମହିମା ଧର୍ମ’ । ଏହି ଧର୍ମର ପ୍ରଧାନ ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତକ ଥିଲେ ମହିମା ଗୋସ୍ଵାମୀ ।
• ଏହି ଧର୍ମ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଜନଜୀବନ ଓ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସାହିତ୍ୟକୁ ବହୁଳ ଭାବରେ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ କରିଥିଲା । ଭୀମଭୋଇ ଥିଲେ ଏହି ଧର୍ମର ଜଣେ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରଚାରକ । ତାଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ରଚିତ କବିତାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଓଡ଼ିଆମାନଙ୍କ ମନରେ ନିଃସ୍ୱାର୍ଥ ସେବା, ଜାତିପ୍ରୀତି ଓ ଆତ୍ମବଳି ଭାବନା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଥିଲା ।
• ମହିମା ଧର୍ମ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲୋକମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଏକ ଅପୂର୍ବ ଏକତା ଆଣିଦେଲା; ଫଳରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଜାତୀୟ ଚେତନାର ବିକାଶ ଘଟିଥିଲା ।

୨ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କେବେ ଓଡ଼ିଶା ତା’ର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ହରାଇଥିଲା ଏବଂ କେବେ ଇଂରେଜମାନେ ଓଡ଼ିଶା ଅଧିକାର କଲେ ?
Answer:

1. ୧୫୬୮ ମସିହାରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶା ତା’ର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ହରାଇଥିଲା ।
2. ୧୮୦୩ ମସିହାରେ ଇଂରେଜମାନେ ଓଡ଼ିଶା ଅଧିକାର କଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରସାର ପାଇଁ କ’ଣ ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀର ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟାର୍ଦ୍ଧରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଇଂରାଜୀ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରସାର, ୧୮୫୪ ମସିହାରେ ଚାର୍ଲସ୍ ଉଙ୍କ ପାଠ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ସଂସ୍କାର ଆଇନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ, ଏବଂ ୧୮୫୭ ମସିହାରେ କୋଲକତା ବିଶ୍ଵବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଶିକ୍ଷାର ପ୍ରସାରରେ ସହାୟକ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଗ) ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଶିକ୍ଷିତ ଯୁବଗୋଷ୍ଠୀର ସଂକଳ୍ପ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଶିକ୍ଷିତ ଯୁବଗୋଷ୍ଠୀର ସଂକଳ୍ପ ଥିଲା ଅନ୍ୟାୟ ଅନୀତି ବିରୋଧରେ ସ୍ବର ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିବା ସଙ୍ଗେ
• ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ନୂତନ ବୁଦ୍ଧିଜୀବୀମାନେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ଓ ସଂସ୍କୃତି ତଥା ଓଡ଼ିଆମାନଙ୍କର ଏକତ୍ରୀକରଣ ପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ୟମ କରିବା ନିମନ୍ତେ ସଂକଳ୍ପ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଘ) କେବେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ମୁଦ୍ରଣ ଯନ୍ତ୍ର ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ଏବଂ ଏହାର ନାମ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ୧୮୩୭ ମସିହାରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ମୁଦ୍ରଣ ଯନ୍ତ୍ର କଟକଠାରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।
• ଏହାର ନାମ ଥିଲା କଟକ ମିଶନ୍ ପ୍ରେସ୍ ।

(ଙ) ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଦୀପିକା’ର ସମ୍ପାଦକଙ୍କର ନାମ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ଏବଂ ଏହା କେଉଁଠାରୁ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଉଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଦୀପିକା’ର ସମ୍ପାଦକଙ୍କର ନାମ ଥିଲା ଗୌରୀଶଙ୍କର ରାୟ ।
2. ଏହା କଟକରୁ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଉଥିଲା ।

(ଚ) ଫକୀରମୋହନ ସେନାପତିଙ୍କ ସମ୍ପାଦନାରେ ପ୍ରକାଶିତ ସମ୍ବାଦପତ୍ରଗୁଡ଼ିକର ନାମ କ’ଣ ?
Answer:

• ଫକୀରମୋହନ ସେନାପତିଙ୍କ ସମ୍ପାଦନାରେ ବାଲେଶ୍ଵରରୁ ଦୁଇଟି ପତ୍ରିକା ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଉଥିଲା ।
• ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ହେଲା – ‘ସମ୍ବାଦବାହିକା’ ଏବଂ ‘ବୋଧଦାୟିନୀ’ ।

(ଛ) ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକର ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବହୁତ କମ୍ ଥ‌ିବାର କାରଣ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ପ୍ରଥମତଃ ଊନବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ଛାପାଖାନାର ଅଭାବ ଥିଲା ।
• ଦ୍ବିତୀୟତଃ ଓଡ଼ିଶାରେ ବୁଦ୍ଧିଜୀବୀଙ୍କ ସଂଖ୍ୟା ମଧ୍ୟ କମ୍ ଥିବାରୁ ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକର ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବହୁତ କମ୍ ଥିଲା ।

(ଜ) ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷାର ସୁରକ୍ଷା ଓ ବିକାଶ ପାଇଁ କଟକରେ କେଉଁ ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷାର ସୁରକ୍ଷା ଓ ବିକାଶ ପାଇଁ କଟକରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ସଭା’ ନାମକ ଏକ ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
2. ଏହା ବ୍ୟତୀତ କଟକରେ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଭାଷା ଉଦ୍ଦୀପନୀ ସଭା’ ଓ ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଉଲ୍ଲାସିନୀ ସଭା’ ଆଦି ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଝ) କିଏ ମହିମା ଧର୍ମର ପ୍ରଧାନ ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତକ ଥିଲେ ଏବଂ କିଏ ଏହାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରଚାରକ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ମହିମା ଧର୍ମର ପ୍ରଧାନ ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତକ ଥିଲେ ମହିମା ଗୋସ୍ଵାମୀ ।
• ଭୀମ ଭୋଇ ଥିଲେ ଏହି ଧର୍ମର ଜଣେ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରଚାରକ ।

(ଞ) ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ସ୍ୱାୟତ୍ତ ଶାସନ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତନ ପାଇଁ ରିପନ୍‌ଙ୍କୁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ଦେବା ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ କେବେ ଏବଂ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଏକ ବିରାଟ ସାଧାରଣ ସଭା ଅନୁଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ୧୮୮୨ ମସିହା ଜୁନ୍ ୩୦ ତାରିଖରେ ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ସ୍ୱାୟତ୍ତ ଶାସନ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତନ ପାଇଁ ରିପନ୍‌ଙ୍କୁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ଦେବା ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ଏକ ବିରାଟ ସାଧାରଣ ସଭା ଅନୁଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଏହି ସଭା କଟକଠାରେ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

୩ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କଲିକତା ବିଶ୍ଵବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ କେବେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
କଲିକତା ବିଶ୍ଵବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ୧୮୫୭ ମସିହାରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଖ) ରେଭେନ୍ସା କଲେଜ କେବେ ଜନ୍ମଲାଭ କରିଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ରେଭେନ୍ସା କଲେଜ ୧୮୭୬ ମସିହାରେ ଜନ୍ମଲାଭ କରିଥିଲା ।

(ଗ) ୧୮୬୭ରେ କେଉଁ ଶିକ୍ଷାନୁଷ୍ଠାନକୁ ଉନ୍ନୀତ କରାଯାଇ ଏକ ଇଣ୍ଟରମିଡ଼ିଏଟ୍ ମହାବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ କରାଗଲା ?
Answer:
୧୮୬୭ ମସିହାରେ କଟକ ଜିଲ୍ଲା ସ୍କୁଲକୁ ଉଚ୍ଚ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ବା ଇଣ୍ଟରମିଡ଼ିଏଟ୍ ମହାବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ଭାବେ ଉନ୍ନୀତ କରାଗଲା ।

(ଘ) କିଏ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ନାତକ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ମଧୁସୂଦନ ଦାସ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ନାତକ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଙ) ‘ସମ୍ବଲପୁର ହିତୈଷିଣୀ’ର ପ୍ରକାଶକ କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
‘ସମ୍ବଲପୁର ହିତୈଷିଣୀ’ର ପ୍ରକାଶକ ଥିଲେ ନୀଳମଣି ବିଦ୍ୟାରତ୍ନ ।

(ଚ) ମରହଟ୍ଟାମାନେ କେଉଁ ଭାଷାକୁ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ରାଜଭାଷା ରୂପେ ମାନ୍ୟତା ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ମରହଟ୍ଟାମାନେ ପାର୍ଶୀ ଭାଷାକୁ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ରାଜଭାଷା ରୂପେ ମାନ୍ୟତା ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) ‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଭାଷା ଉନ୍ନତି ବିଧାୟିନୀ ସଭା’ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
‘ଉତ୍କଳ ଭାଷା ଉନ୍ନତି ବିଧାୟିନୀ ସଭା’ ବାଲେଶ୍ଵରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଥିଲା ।

(ଜ) ଭୀମଭୋଇ କେଉଁ ଧର୍ମକୁ ଭିତ୍ତିକରି ତାଙ୍କର କବିତାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ରଚନା କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଭୀମଭୋଇ ମହିମା ଧର୍ମକୁ ଭିଭିକରି ତାଙ୍କର କବିତାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ରଚନା କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଝ) ଟି.ଇ. ରେଭେନ୍ସା କେଉଁଠାରେ ନୂତନ ନଦୀବନ୍ଧ ନିର୍ମାଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଟି.ଇ. ରେଭେନ୍ସା ଆଳି ଓ ବାଙ୍କୀଠାରେ ନୂତନ ନଦୀବନ୍ଧ ନିର୍ମାଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଞ) ଲର୍ଡ଼ ରିପନ୍ କେବେ ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ସ୍ୱାୟତ୍ତ ଶାସନ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଲର୍ଡ଼ ରିପନ୍ ୧୮୮୨ ମସିହାରେ ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ସ୍ୱାୟତ୍ତ ଶାସନ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରିଥିଲେ ।

୪ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ଚାରିଗୋଟି ବିକଳ୍ପ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ତା’ର କ୍ରମିକ ନମ୍ବର ସହିତ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କେବେ କଟକରେ ଏକ ହିତକାରୀ ଦାତବ୍ୟ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
(i) ୧୮୦୩
(iii) ୧୮୪୧
(ii) ୧୮୨୩
(iv) ୧୮୫୪
Answer:
(ii) ୧୮୨୩

(ଖ) କିଏ ‘‘ବୋଧଦାୟିନୀ’’ର ସମ୍ପାଦକ ଥିଲେ ?
(i) ଫଜାରମୋହନ ସେନାପଢି
(ii) ରାଧାନାଥ ରାୟ
(iii) ଗୌରୀଶଙ୍କର ରାୟ
(iv) ନୀଳମଣି ବିଦ୍ୟାରତ୍ନ
Answer:
(i) ଫକୀରମୋହନ ସେନାପତି

(ଗ) ମୁଖ୍ୟତଃ କେଉଁ ଅଞ୍ଚଳଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନେଇ ଓଡ଼ିଶା ଇଂରେଜମାନଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା ଶାସିତ ହେଉଥିଲା ?
(i) ଗଞ୍ଜାମ, ପୁରୀ, କଟକ
(ii) ପୁରୀ, କଟକ, ବାଲେଶ୍ଵର
(iii) କଟକ, ବାଲେଶ୍ଵର, ସମ୍ବଲପୁର
(iv) ପୁରୀ, ଗଞ୍ଜାମ, ସମ୍ବଲପୁର
Answer:
(ii) ପୁରୀ, କଟକ, ବାଲେଶ୍ୱର

(ଘ) କେବେ କଟକର କଲେକ୍ଟର ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଭାଷାକୁ ସରକାରୀ ଭାଷା ରୂପେ ସ୍ବୀକୃତି ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୮୦୩
(iii) ୧୮୬୬
(ii) ୧୮୪୯
(iv) ୧୮୬୮
Answer:
(ii) ୧୮୪୯

ପାଠରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ‘ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କାମ’’ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନା ଓ ସହାୟତାରେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କର ।
Answer:
(ପିଲାମାନେ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହାୟତା ଓ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନାରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବେ ।)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class History Solutions Chapter 6 ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆଇନ, ଭାରତ ବିଭାଜନ ଓ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 6 ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆଇନ, ଭାରତ ବିଭାଜନ ଓ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା

୧ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୬୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ୍‌ର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ୍‌ର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାର ଥିଲା :

• ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶାସିତ ପ୍ରଦେଶ ଓ ଭାରତୀୟ ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜାମାନଙ୍କୁ ନେଇ ଏକ ସଂଘ ଗଠିତ ହୋଇ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥାପକ ସଭା ଓ ଶାସନ ପରିଚାଳନାର ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ।
• ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶାସିତ ପ୍ରଦେଶରୁ ସାଧାରଣବର୍ଗ ଓ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ସମ୍ପ୍ରଦାୟର ପ୍ରତିନିଧ୍ଵ ସହ ୨୯୬ ଜଣ ଓ ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କରୁ ୯୩ ଜଣ ପ୍ରତିନିଧିଙ୍କୁ ନେଇ ୩୮୯ ସଦସ୍ୟ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭା ଗଠନ ।
• ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ହେବା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଅନୁସୂଚିତ ଜାତିର ଜଣେ ପ୍ରତିନିଧ‌ିଙ୍କ ସମେତ କଂଗ୍ରେସରୁ ଛ’ଜଣ, ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗରୁ ପାଞ୍ଚଜଣ ଏବଂ ଶିଖ୍, ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟିଆନ ଓ ପାର୍ଶୀ ସମ୍ପ୍ରଦାୟରୁ ଜଣେ ଲେଖାଏଁ ହିସାବରେ ମୋଟ ଚଉଦ ଜଣ ପ୍ରତିନିଧିଙ୍କୁ ନେଇ ଏକ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାର ଗଠନ ।

(ଖ) କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ବିରୋଧରେ ମୁସ୍‌ଲିମ୍ ଲିଗର ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା କିପରି ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଥିଲା ? କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ୍ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବରେ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ଗଠନ ବିଷୟରେ କିଛି ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ ନ ଥିବାରୁ ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍‌ର ନେତା ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ନା କ୍ଷୁବ୍ଧ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
Answer:

• କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ୍ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବରେ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ଗଠନ ବିଷୟରେ କିଛି ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ ନ ଥ‌ିବାରୁ ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍‌ର ନେତା ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ତା କ୍ଷୁବ୍ଧ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୬ ତାରିଖକୁ ସାରା ଭାରତରେ ‘ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଦିବସ’ ରୂପେ ପାଳନ କରିବାକୁ ସେ ମୁସଲମାନମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଉକ୍ତ ଦିନ ସଭା, ଶୋଭାଯାତ୍ରା ଜରିଆରେ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ଗଠନ ଦାବି ପ୍ରତି ଦୃଢ଼ ସମର୍ଥନ ପ୍ରକାଶ କରିବାପାଇଁ ମୁସଲମାନମାନଙ୍କୁ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶ ଦିଆଗଲା ।
• ଏହି ଦିନ କୋଲ୍‌କତା ମହାନଗରୀରେ ଶୋଭାଯାତ୍ରା ବାହାରିବା ସମୟରେ ନୃଶଂସ ହିଂସାକାଣ୍ଡ ଘଟିଲା । ଏଥିରେ ବହୁସଂଖ୍ୟକ ଲୋକ ମୃତାହତ ହେଲେ ଓ ସମଗ୍ର ଦେଶରେ ଅନୁରୂପ ଅବସ୍ଥା ପ୍ରତିଫଳିତ ହେଲା ।
• ଏହି ହିଂସାକାଣ୍ଡ କ୍ରମେ ପୂର୍ବବଙ୍ଗର ନୋଆଖଲି ଓ ତିପ୍‌ରା ଜିଲ୍ଲା, ବିହାର ଏବଂ ଦେଶର ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ଅଞ୍ଚଳକୁ ବ୍ୟାପିଗଲା ।

(ଗ) କେଉଁ ପରିସ୍ଥିତିରେ କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲି ଭାରତର ସମ୍ଭାବ୍ୟ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଘୋଷଣା କଲେ ? ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ବିଶ୍ଵଯୁଦ୍ଧ ପରେ ବିଶ୍ଵର ରାଜନୀତିକ ପରିସ୍ଥିତିରେ ଏକ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନର ଧାରା ଆସିଥୁଲା ଓ ଭାରତର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଗ୍ରାମ ଏକ ନୂତନ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲା ।
Answer:

1. ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ବିଶ୍ଵଯୁଦ୍ଧ ପରେ ବିଶ୍ଵର ରାଜନୀତିକ ପରିସ୍ଥିତିରେ ଏକ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନର ଧାରା ଆସିଥୁଲା ଓ ଭାରତର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଗ୍ରାମ ଏକ ନୂତନ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଥିଲା ।
2. ୧୯୪୨ର ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ବିପ୍ଲବ, ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ସଂଗ୍ରାମ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜନତାର ବୀରତ୍ଵ ଓ ଦୃଢ଼ ସଂକଳ୍ପକୁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ କରିଦେଲା । ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ସୈନିକ ଓ ଅଫିସରମାନଙ୍କ ଗିରଫ ପରେ ବିଚାର କାଳରେ ଭାରତୀୟମାନଙ୍କ ବିକ୍ଷୋଭ ଦେଖ୍ ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାର ବୁଝିପାରିଲେ ଯେ ଭାରତୀୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆଉ ବେଶିଦିନ ତାଙ୍କ ଅଧୀନରେ ରହେବ ନାହିଁ ।
3. ପୁନଶ୍ଚ କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ବିରୋଧରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଦିବସ ପାଳନ କରାଯିବା ଫଳରେ ସାରା ଦେଶରେ ହିଂସାକାଣ୍ଡ ବ୍ୟାପିଗଲା ।
4. ଏହି ସମୟରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସରକାର ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ଘଟି ଶ୍ରମିକ ଦଳର କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲି ନୂତନ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଭାବେ ଦାୟିତ୍ଵ ଗ୍ରହଣ କଲେ । ସେ ଉଦାର ମନୋଭାବସମ୍ପନ୍ନ ଥିଲେ ।
5. ଏହି ପରିପ୍ରେକ୍ଷୀରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡ ସରକାର ଯଥାଶୀଘ୍ର ଭାରତ ସମସ୍ୟାର ସମାଧାନ ନିମନ୍ତେ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେଲେ । ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦ ତାରିଖରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲି ଘୋଷଣା କଲେ ଯେ ୧୯୪୮ ମସିହା ଜୁନ୍ ୩୦ ତାରିଖ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଇଂରେଜମାନେ ଭାରତକୁ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରିବେ ।

(ଘ) ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍‌ଙ୍କ ଯୋଜନାରେ ଭାରତ ବିଭାଜନ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ କ’ଣ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୭ ଜୁନ୍ ୩ରେ ଘୋଷିତ ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନାର ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାର ଥିଲା –

• ଭାରତ ବିଭାଜିତ ହେବ ଏବଂ ଭାରତ ଓ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ନାମରେ ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ଦେଶ ସୃଷ୍ଟି ହେବ ।
• ଉତ୍ତର-ପଶ୍ଚିମ ସୀମାନ୍ତ ପ୍ରଦେଶ, ସିନ୍ଧୁପ୍ରଦେଶ, ବେଲୁଚିସ୍ଥାନ ଓ ଆସାମର ମୁସଲମାନବହୁଳ ସିଲଟ ଜିଲ୍ଲାର ଲୋକମାନେ ଭାରତରେ ରହିବେ କି ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ରହିବେ ସେ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେବାପାଇଁ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ସୁଯୋଗ ଦିଆଯିବ ।
• ବଙ୍ଗଳା ଓ ପଞ୍ଜାବ ପ୍ରଦେଶ ବିଭାଜିତ ହେବ । ମୁସଲମାନବହୁଳ ପୂର୍ବବଙ୍ଗ ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ମିଶିବ ଓ ଅଣମୁସଲମାନବହୁଳ ପଶ୍ଚିମବଙ୍ଗ ଭାରତରେ ରହିବ । ମୁସଲମାନବହୁଳ ପଶ୍ଚିମ ପଞ୍ଜାବ ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ମିଶିବ ଓ ଅଣମୁସଲମାନବହୁଳ ପୂର୍ବ ପଞ୍ଜାବ ଭାରତରେ ରହିବ । ସାର୍ ସିରିଲ୍ ରେଡ଼କ୍ଲିଫ୍‌ଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ୱରେ ସୀମା ନିର୍ଦ୍ଧାରଣ କମିଶନ ଦୁଇ ଦେଶର ସୀମା ନିର୍ଦ୍ଧାରଣ କରିବେ ।
• ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭାରତ କିମ୍ବା ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ମିଶିବାପାଇଁ କିମ୍ବା ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ରହିବାପାଇଁ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେବାର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦିଆଯିବ ।
• ଭାରତର ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭା ଚାଲୁରହିବ ଓ ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ଏକ ଭିନ୍ନ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭା ଗଠିତ ହେବ । ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ପାର୍ଲାମେଣ୍ଟ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର ପାଇଁ ୧୯୪୭ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୫ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଏକ ଆଇନ ପାସ୍ କରିବ ।

(ଙ) ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆଇନର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥାଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆଇନର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ଅନୁସାରେ ଭାରତ ଓ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ନାମକ ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ବାଧୀନ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଗଠିତ ହେଲା ।
• ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୫ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର ନିମନ୍ତେ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନିଆଗଲା ।
• ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜାମାନେ ଇଚ୍ଛାନୁସାରେ ଭାରତ କିମ୍ବା ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ସହିତ ଯୋଗଦେବାର ସ୍ବାଧୀନତା ପାଇଲେ ଓ ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୫ ତାରିଖରୁ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡ ସହିତ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ସମସ୍ତ ଚୁକ୍ତିର ବିଲୋପ ଘଟିଲା ।
• ନିଜର ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୀତ ହେବା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଦେଶର ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭାକୁ ବିଧାୟକ ସଭାର କ୍ଷମତା ଦିଆଗଲା ।
• ଉଭୟ ଦେଶ ଭାରତ ଶାସନ ଆଇନ ୧୯୩୫ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ଶାସନ କଲେ । ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ଭାରତ ସଚିବ ପଦ ଉଚ୍ଛେଦ କରାଗଲା ।

୨। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ କାହିଁକି ଭାରତ ଆସିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

1. ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସରକାର ଭାରତୀୟଙ୍କ ହାତରେ କ୍ଷମତା ପ୍ରତ୍ୟର୍ପଣ କରିବାକୁ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେଲେ ।
2. ସେଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ଭାରତୀୟ ନେତୃବର୍ଗଙ୍କ ସାଙ୍ଗରେ ବୁଝାମଣା କରିବା ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ଭାରତ ଆସିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର କେଉଁ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀଙ୍କ ସମୟରେ କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ଭାରତକୁ ଆସିଥିଲେ ଏବଂ କେଉଁମାନେ ଏହାର ସଦସ୍ୟ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲିଙ୍କ ସମୟରେ କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ଭାରତକୁ ଆସିଥିଲେ ।
• ଭାରତ ସଚିବ ପେଣ୍ଡ୍କ୍ ଲରେନସ୍, ଏ.ଭି. ଆଲେକ୍‌ଜାଣ୍ଡାର ଓ ସାର ଷ୍ଟାଫୋର୍ଡ଼ କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍ ଏହାର ସଦସ୍ୟ ଥିଲେ ।

(ଗ) ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଦିବସ କାହିଁକି ଏବଂ କେଉଁଦିନ ପାଳନ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ୍ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବରେ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ଗଠନ କଥା ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ ନ ଥିବାରୁ ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍‌ର ନେତା ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ନା ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଦିବସ ପାଳନ କରିବାକୁ ମୁସଲମାନମାନଙ୍କୁ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଏହା ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୬ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ପାଳନ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଘ) ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାର କେବେ ଗଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ଏବଂ ମୁସ୍‌ଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍ କେବେ ଏଥ‌ିରେ ଯୋଗ ଦେଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ୨ ତାରିଖରେ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାର ଗଠିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
2. ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ଅକ୍ଟୋବର ୧୩ ତାରିଖରେ ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍ ଏଥରେ ଯୋଗ ଦେଇଥିଲା ।

(ଙ) ସାମ୍ପ୍ରଦାୟିକ ଦଙ୍ଗା ନିବାରଣ କରିବାପାଇଁ ମହାତ୍ମା ଗାନ୍ଧି କି ପଦକ୍ଷେପ ନେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ସାମ୍ପ୍ରଦାୟିକ ଦଙ୍ଗା ନିବାରଣ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀ ପୂର୍ବବଙ୍ଗ ଓ ବିହାରରେ ପଦଯାତ୍ରା କଲେ ।
• ଏତଦ୍‌ବ୍ୟତୀତ ସେ ଅମରଣ ଅନଶନର ଧମକ ଦେଇ ଅନଶନ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲେ ।

(ଚ) ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ଅଲିଙ୍କ ଘୋଷଣାର ତାତ୍ପର୍ଯ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ?
Answer:

• ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡ ସରକାର ଯଥାଶୀଘ୍ର ଭାରତ ସମସ୍ୟାର ସମାଧାନ ନିମନ୍ତେ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେଲେ ଓ ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦ ତାରିଖରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲିଙ୍କ ଘୋଷଣା ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଲା ।
• ୧୯୪୮ ମସିହା ଜୁନ୍ ୩୦ ତାରିଖ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଇଂରେଜମାନେ ଭାରତକୁ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରିବେ ବୋଲି ସେ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ଏବଂ ଏହା କେବେ ଘୋଷିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ ଥିଲା ଯେ ଉଭୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ଓ ମୁସଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍‌ର ନେତାମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ବୁଝାମଣା ଭିଭିରେ ଭାରତର ସମସ୍ୟା ସମାଧାନ କରିବା ।
2. ଏହା ୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଜୁନ୍ ୩ ତାରିଖରେ ଘୋଷିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଜ) ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନାରେ ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ କ’ଣ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନା ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ଦେଶୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭାରତ କିମ୍ବା ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ମିଶିବାପାଇଁ କିମ୍ବା ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ରହିବାପାଇଁ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ନେବାର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଝ) ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନର ପ୍ରଥମ ଗଭର୍ଣ୍ଣର ଜେନେରାଲ୍ ଓ ପ୍ରଥମ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଭାବେ କିଏ ଶପଥ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ନା ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଗଭର୍ଣ୍ଣର ଜେନେରାଲ ଭାବେ ଶପଥ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ଲିୟାକତ୍ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଖାଁ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନର ପ୍ରଥମ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଭାବେ ଶପଥ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଞ) ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦିବସରେ କିଏ ଏବଂ କେଉଁଠାରେ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦିବସରେ ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ଦିଲ୍ଲୀର ଐତିହାସିକ ଲାଲକିଲ୍ଲାଠାରେ ଭାରତର ଜାତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

୩ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ କେବେ ଭାରତରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲେ ?
Answer:
କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୪ ତାରିଖରେ ଭାରତରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟଦିବସ ପାଳନ କରିବାପାଇଁ କିଏ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ମୁସ୍‌ଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍‌ର ନେତା ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ନା ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟଦିବସ ପାଳନ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଗ) କିଏ କଲିକତା ହିଂସାକାଣ୍ଡକୁ ବିରାଟ କଲିକତା ହତ୍ୟାକାଣ୍ଡ ଭାବେ ଅଭିହିତ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ପୂର୍ବାଞ୍ଚଳର ତତ୍‌କାଳୀନ ସାମରିକ ଅଧ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଲେଫ୍‌ଟନାଣ୍ଟ ଜେନେରାଲ ଫ୍ରାନ୍‌ସିସ୍ ଟକର କଲିକତା ହିଂସାକାଣ୍ଡକୁ ‘ବିରାଟ କଲିକତା ହତ୍ୟାକାଣ୍ଡ’ ଭାବେ ଅଭିହିତ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଘ) କିଏ ଭାରତର ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାରର ନେତୃତ୍ବ ନେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ ଭାରତର ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାରର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଙ) ଭାରତକୁ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରାଯିବ ବୋଲି ଅଟ୍‌ଲି କେବେ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦ ତାରିଖରେ ଭାରତକୁ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରାଯିବ ବୋଲି ଅଟ୍‌ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଚ) ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ କେଉଁଦିନ ଭାରତକୁ ଭାଇସ୍‌ରାୟ ହୋଇ ଆସିଲେ ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୨ ତାରିଖରେ ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଭାରତକୁ ଭାଇସ୍‌ୟ ହୋଇ ଆସିଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) କାହା ଭିରିରେ ଭାରତର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଆଇନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ଯୋଜନା ଭିଭିରେ ଭାରତର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଆଇନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଜ) ପାକିସ୍ତାନ କେଉଁଦିନ ଏକ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଭାବରେ ଆତ୍ମପ୍ରକାଶ କଲା ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୭ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୫ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ପାକିସ୍ତାନ ଏକ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଭାବରେ ଆତ୍ମପ୍ରକାଶ କଲା ।

(ଝ) ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶାସନାଧୀନ ଭାରତର ଶେଷ ଗଭର୍ଣ୍ଣର ଜେନେରାଲ୍ କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶାସନାଧୀନ ଭାରତର ଶେଷ ଗଭର୍ଣ୍ଣର ଜେନେରାଲ ଥିଲେ ଲର୍ଡ଼ ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍ ।

(ଞ) ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଥମ ଉପପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ସର୍ଦ୍ଦାର ବଲ୍ଲଭଭାଇ ପଟେଲ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଥମ ଉପପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଥିଲେ ।

୪। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ଚାରିଗୋଟି ବିକଳ୍ପ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ତା’ର କ୍ରମିକ ନମ୍ବର ସହିତ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କ୍ୟାବିନେଟ୍ ମିଶନ କେତେ ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭାର ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୨୯୬
(iii) ୯୩
(ii) ୩୮୯
(iv) ୧୪
Answer:
(ii) ୩୮୯

(ଖ) କାହାର ପ୍ରବର୍ତ୍ତନା ଫଳରେ ମୁସ୍‌ଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍ ମଧ୍ୟବର୍ତ୍ତୀକାଳୀନ ସରକାରରେ ଯୋଗଦେଲା ?
(i) କ୍ଲିମେଣ୍ଟ ଅଟ୍‌ଲି
(ii) ଲର୍ଡ଼ ୱାଭେଲ୍‌
(iii) ଲର୍ଡ଼ ମାଉଣ୍ଟବ୍ୟାଟେନ୍
(iv) ମହାତ୍ମା ଗାନ୍ଧି
Answer:
(ii) ଲର୍ଡ଼ ୱାଭେଲ୍

(ଗ) କିଏ ଭାରତ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସଭାର ସଭାପତି ଥିଲେ ?
(i) ଜରାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ
(iii) ବଲ୍ଲଭଭାଇ ପଟେଲ
(ii) ରାଜେନ୍ଦ୍ର ପ୍ରସାଦ
(iv) ମହମ୍ମଦ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ଜିନ୍ନା
Answer:
(ii) ରାଜେନ୍ଦ୍ର ପ୍ରସାଦ

(ଘ) କେଉଁ ତାରିଖ ସୁଦ୍ଧା ଭାରତକୁ କ୍ଷମତା ହସ୍ତାନ୍ତର କରିବାପାଇଁ ଅଲୀ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୯୪୭ ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦
(ii) ୧୯୪୭ ଜୁନ୍ ୩
(iii) ୧୯୪୭ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୫
(iv) ୧୯୪୮ ଜୁନ୍ ୩୦
Answer:
(iv) ୧୯୪୮ ଜୁନ୍ ୩୦

(ଙ) କେବେ ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆଇନ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ପାର୍ଲିଆମେଣ୍ଟର ଅନୁମୋଦନ ଲାଭ କରିଥିଲା ?
(i) ୧୯୪୭ ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୨୦
(ii) ୧୯୪୭ ଜୁନ୍ ୩
(iii) ୧୯୪୭ ଜୁଲାଇ ୧୮
(iv) ୧୯୪୭ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୪
Answer:
(iii) ୧୯୪୭ ଜୁଲାଇ ୧୮

୫| ପାଠରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥ‌ିବା ‘ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କାମ’’ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନା ଓ ସହାୟତାରେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କର ।
Answer:
(ପିଲାମାନେ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହାୟତା ଓ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନାରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବେ ।)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class History Solutions Chapter 4 ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ଏବଂ ଏଥୁରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଭୂମିକା Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 4 ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ଏବଂ ଏଥୁରେ ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଭୂମିକା

୧। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ୬୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ‘କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍ ମିଶନ୍’ର ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଆଲୋଚନା କର ।
Answer:

• ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଉଇନ୍‌ଷ୍ଟନ୍‌ ଏସ୍. ଚର୍ଚ୍ଚିଲ୍ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ମାସରେ ସାର୍‌ ଷ୍ଟାଫୋର୍ଡ଼ କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍‌ଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ୱରେ ଏକ ପ୍ରତିନିଧ‌ି ଦଳ ଭାରତକୁ ପଠାଇଥିଲେ । ତାହା ‘କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍ ମିଶନ୍’ ନାମରେ ପରିଚିତ ।
• ଏହି ମିଶନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଦେଲା ଯେ ଭାରତକୁ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟର ଏକ ଅଂଶ ରୂପେ ସ୍ଵାୟର ଶାସନ ଅଧିକାର ଦିଆଯିବ ।
• ଭାରତବାସୀ ନିଜ ପାଇଁ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରିବାର ଅଧିକାର ପାଇବେ ।
• କିନ୍ତୁ କୌଣସି ପ୍ରଦେଶ ଯଦି ସେ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ଗ୍ରହଣ ନ କରେ; ତେବେ ସେହି ପ୍ରଦେଶ ନିଜ ପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ପୃଥକ୍ ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରିପାରିବ ।
• ଭାରତକୁ ଖଣ୍ଡବିଖଣ୍ଡ କରି ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟବାଦର ଦୃଢ଼ୀକରଣ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ ବୁଝିପାରି କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍‌ ମିଶନ୍‌ର ଏହି ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବକୁ ସବୁ ଦଳ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟାନ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ କିପରି ଗୃହୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଜୁଲାଇ ୬ ତାରିଖରୁ ୧୪ ତାରିଖ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ୱାର୍ଦ୍ଧାଠାରେ କଂଗ୍ରେସ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କମିଟିର ବୈଠକ ବସିଲା ଏବଂ ଏଥିରେ ‘ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼’ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଗୃହୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୭ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ମୁମ୍ବାଇଠାରେ କଂଗ୍ରେସର ସାଧାରଣ ଅଧିବେଶନରେ ସଭାପତି ମୌଲାନା ଆବୁଲ୍ କାଲାମ୍ ଆଜାଦ୍ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା କରି ଶାନ୍ତିପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଓ ଅହିଂସ ଉପାୟରେ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଆହ୍ବାନ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ ‘ଭାରତଛାଡ଼’ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଆଗତ କଲେ ଏବଂ ସର୍ଦାର ବଲ୍ଲଭଭାଇ ପଟେଲ ଏହାକୁ ସମର୍ଥନ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୮ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ବିପୁଳ ଉତ୍ସାହ ଓ ଉଦ୍ଦୀପନାରେ ‘ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼’ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବକୁ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ଅନୁମୋଦନ କଲା ।
• ଏହି ଅବସରରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀ ଦେଶବାସୀଙ୍କୁ ଉଦ୍‌ବୋଧନ ଦେଇ କହିଲେ ଯେ ‘ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଆମର ପ୍ରାପ୍ୟ’ । ସେଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ମନ୍ତ୍ର ଅଛି ‘କର ବା ମର’ । ‘ଆମ ମାତୃଭୂମିକୁ ଆମେ ସ୍ବାଧୀନ କରିବା କିମ୍ବା ସେଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ମରିବା ।’’

(ଗ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମମାନ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

• ଶ୍ରମିକ ଓ କୃଷକମାନେ ଭୂରାଜସ୍ଵ ଦେବା ବନ୍ଦ କରିବେ ।
• ଇଂରେଜ କର୍ମଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କୁ କୌଣସି ଖାଦ୍ୟପଦାର୍ଥ ବିକ୍ରି କରାଯିବ ନାହିଁ କିମ୍ବା କାଗଜ ନୋଟ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରାଯିବ ନାହିଁ ।
• ରାସ୍ତାଘାଟ, ଯାନବାହନ, ଟେଲିଗ୍ରାଫ୍ ଓ ରେଳ ବିଭାଗକୁ ଅଚଳ କରାଯିବ ।
• ଥାନା, କୋର୍ଟ ଓ ଜେଲଖାନାକୁ ଭାରତୀୟମାନଙ୍କ ଆୟତ୍ତରେ ରଖାଯିବ ।
• ସାଧାରଣ ଜନତା ଅହିଂସ ମାର୍ଗ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିବେ ।

(ଘ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ଦମନ ପାଇଁ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସରକାର କି କି ପଦକ୍ଷେପ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନକୁ ଦମନ କରିବାପାଇଁ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସରକାର ବହୁ ଅମାନୁଷିକ ପଦକ୍ଷେପ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ସରକାର ସଭା ଓ ଶୋଭାଯାତ୍ରାକୁ ବେଆଇନ ଘୋଷଣା କଲେ ।
• ଲାଠିପ୍ରହାର ଓ ଗୁଳିଚାଳନା ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ଘଟଣାରେ ପରିଣତ ହେଲା ।
• ସରକାରଙ୍କର ନିଷ୍ଠୁର ଆକ୍ରମଣ ଫଳରେ ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ବିପ୍ଳବୀ ଆହତ ଓ ନିହତ ହେଲେ ଏବଂ ପାଖାପାଖୁ ଏକଲକ୍ଷ ସଂଖ୍ୟକ କର୍ମୀ ଗିରଫ ହେଲେ ।
• ଭାରତଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନକୁ ଦମନ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାର ସବୁ ପ୍ରକାର ଅସ୍ତ୍ରର ବ୍ୟବହାର କଲେ । ଏହି ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ଦମନ କରାଯାଇଛି ବୋଲି ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଚର୍ଚ୍ଚିଲ୍ ହାଉସ୍ ଅଫ୍ କମନ୍ସରେ ଘୋଷଣା କଲେ ।

(ଡି) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନରେ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମୀ ନାୟକଙ୍କ ଅବଦାନ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଆଲୋଚନା କର ।
Answer:

• ବୈପାରୀଗୁଡ଼ା ଥାନା ଅନ୍ତର୍ଗତ ତେନ୍ତୁଳିଗୁମ୍ମା ଗ୍ରାମର ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମଣ ନାୟକ କୋରାପୁଟ ଜିଲ୍ଲାରେ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୧ ତାରିଖରେ ସେ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ପତାକା ଓ ଲାଠି ଧରି ବହୁ ଲୋକଙ୍କ ସହ ମାତିଲି ଥାନା ଘେରାଉ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ସେଠାରେ ପୋଲିସ୍‌ର ଗୁଳିଚାଳନାରେ ୫ ଜଣ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ପ୍ରାଣ ହରାଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଜଣେ ଜଙ୍ଗଲରକ୍ଷୀକୁ ପିଟି ପିଟି ହତ୍ୟା କରିଥିବାର ମିଥ୍ୟା ଅଭିଯୋଗରେ ପୋଲିସ୍ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମଣ ନାୟକଙ୍କୁ ଗିରଫ କରି ବ୍ରହ୍ମପୁର ଜେଲକୁ ପଠାଇଥିଲା ଏବଂ ୧୯୪୩ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୯ ତାରିଖରେ ସେଠାରେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଫାଶୀ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା ।
• ସେ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହାର ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନରେ ଫାଶୀ ପାଇଥିବା ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ଏକମାତ୍ର ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ସେ ସହିଦ୍ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମଣ ନାୟକ ରୂପେ ପରିଚିତ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

୨ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ବିନୋବା ଭାବେ କେବେ ଓ କେଉଁଠି ତାଙ୍କ ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ବିନୋବା ଭାବେ ୧୯୪୦ ମସିହା ଅକ୍ଟୋବର ୧୭ ତାରିଖରେ ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
• ସେ ପାନାଉରଠାରେ ତାଙ୍କର ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଗୃହୀତ ହେବା ପରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀ କେବେ ଗିରଫ ହେଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କୁ କେଉଁଠାରେ ବନ୍ଦୀ କରି ରଖାଗଲା ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଗୃହୀତ ହେବାର ପରଦିନ ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୯ ତାରିଖରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀ ଗିରଫ ହେଲେ ।
• ତାଙ୍କୁ ପୁନେଠାରେ ଆଗା ଖାଁ ପ୍ୟାଲେସ୍‌ରେ ବନ୍ଦୀ କରି ରଖାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଗ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ବିହାରରେ ଛାତ୍ରମାନେ କେବେ ଓ କେଉଁଠାରେ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ବିହାରରେ ଛାତ୍ରମାନେ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୧ ତାରିଖରେ ଜାତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ସେମାନେ ପାଟନା ସଚିବାଳୟର ପୂର୍ବ ଦ୍ଵାରରେ ଜାତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଘ) ରେଭେନ୍ସା କଲେଜରେ ଭାରତଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ କେଉଁ ଛାତ୍ରନେତାମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପରିଚାଳିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
କଟକର ରେଭେନ୍ସା କଲେଜରେ ଛାତ୍ରନେତା ବିବୁଧେନ୍ଦୁ ମିଶ୍ର, ଅଶୋକ ଦାସ, ସୁରଜମଲ ଶାହା, ବିରେନ ମିତ୍ରଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ୱରେ ଭାରତଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ପରିଚାଳିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଙ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ କେଉଁ ଖବର ଶୁଣିବା ପରେ ବରୀ ଅଞ୍ଚଳର ଉତ୍ୟକ୍ତ ଲୋକ କାଇପଦର ଡାକଘର ପୋଡ଼ି ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ଏକ ଅମାନୁଷିକ ଘଟଣା ଘଟିଥିଲା । ଗୋପବନ୍ଧୁ ଚୌଧୁରୀ ଓ ରମାଦେବୀଙ୍କ ଗିରଫ ଖବର ଶୁଣିବା ପରେ ବରୀ ଅଞ୍ଚଳର ଭୂଭ୍ୟକ୍ତ ଲୋକମାନେ କାଇପଦର ଡାକଘରେ ନିଆଁ ଲଗାଇ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଚ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ଭଣ୍ଡାରୀପୋଖରୀରେ କେଉଁ ଦୁଇ ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହୀ ଗିରଫ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଭାରତଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ଭଣ୍ଡାରୀପୋଖରୀରେ ଦୁଇ ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହୀ ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ ଦାସ ଓ ଦ୍ବାରିକା ଦାସ ଗିରଫ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) ଇରମ୍ରେ କେବେ ଗୁଳିକାଣ୍ଡ ଘଟିଥିଲା ଏବଂ ସେଥ‌ିରେ ସହିଦ୍ ହୋଇଥ‌ିବା ମହିଳାଙ୍କ ନାମ କ’ଣ ?
Answer:

• ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ୨୮ ତାରିଖରେ ଇରମଠାରେ ଗୁଳିକାଣ୍ଡ ଘଟିଥିଲା ।
• ସେଥ୍ରେ ସହିଦ୍ ହୋଇଥିବା ମହିଳାଙ୍କ ନାମ ଥିଲା ପରୀ ବେୱା ।

(ଜ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ପ୍ରଭାବରେ ନିମାପଡ଼ାରେ କାହିଁକି ପୋଲିସ୍ ଗୁଳିଚାଳନା କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ନିମାପଡ଼ାଠାରେ ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ୧୬ ତାରିଖରେ ସତ୍ୟାଗ୍ରହୀମାନେ ସରକାରଙ୍କୁ ଖଜଣା ନ ଦେବାକୁ ସ୍ଥିର କଲେ ଓ ଜାତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କଲେ ।
• ପୋଲିସ୍ ବାରଣ କରିବାରୁ ସେମାନେ ଥାନାରେ ଅଗ୍ନି ସଂଯୋଗ କଲେ, ତେଣୁ ପୋଲିସ୍ ଗୁଳି ଚଳାଇଥିଲା ଓ ଏଥ‌ିରେ ଉତ୍ସବ ମଲ୍ଲିକ ପ୍ରାଣ ହରାଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଝ) ପାପଢ଼ାହାଣ୍ଡିଠାରେ କାହିଁକି ଗୁଳିଚାଳନା କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ଏବଂ ଏଥ‌ିରେ କେତେଜଣ ପ୍ରାଣତ୍ୟାଗ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୪ ତାରିଖରେ କୋରାପୁଟର ବହୁ ଲୋକ ପାପଡ଼ାହାଣ୍ଡିଠାରେ ଥ‌ିବା ଟୋଲ ଓ ଥାନା ଧ୍ବଂସ କରିବାକୁ ଯାଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଫଳରେ ପୋଲିସ୍ ଗୁଳିଚାଳନା କରିଥିଲା ଓ ଏଥ‌ିରେ ୧୫ ଜଣ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ପ୍ରାଣତ୍ୟାଗ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଞ) କିଏ ଢେଙ୍କାନାଳରେ ଭାରତଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ଵରେ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଥାନା ପୋଡ଼ି ସଂଘଟିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ବୈଷ୍ଣବ ଚରଣ ପଟ୍ଟନାୟକ ଢେଙ୍କାନାଳରେ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ତାଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ଵରେ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୬ ତାରିଖରେ ମଢ଼ି (ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନର କାମାକ୍ଷାନଗର)ରେ ଥାନା ପୋଡ଼ି ସଂଘଟିତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

୩ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍ ମିଶନ କେବେ ଭାରତକୁ ଆସିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ମାସରେ ‘କ୍ରିପ୍‌ସ୍ ମିଶନ’ ଭାରତକୁ ଆସିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) କେଉଁଦିନ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଗୃହୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଜୁଲାଇ ୧୪ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଗୃହୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

(ଗ) କେଉଁଦିନ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କମିଟିର ସଦସ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ଗିରଫ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୯ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକାରୀ କମିଟିର ସଦସ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ଗିରଫ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଘ) ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ବିପ୍ଳବରେ ଯୋଗ ଦେଇଥିବା ଜଣେ ସମାଜବାଦୀ ମହିଳାଙ୍କ ନାମ ଉଲ୍ଲେଖ କର ।
Answer:
ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ବିପ୍ଳବରେ ଯୋଗ ଦେଇଥିବା ଜଣେ ସମାଜବାଦୀ ମହିଳା ଥିଲେ ଅରୁଣା ଆସଫ୍ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ।

(ଡି) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ କିଏ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଥିଲେ ଉଇନ୍‌ଷ୍ଟନ୍ ଏସ୍. ଚର୍ଚ୍ଚିଲ୍ ।

(ଚ) କେଉଁଦିନ କାଇପଦରଠାରେ ଲୋକମାନେ ଡାକଘର ପୋଡ଼ି ଦେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୭ ତାରିଖରେ କାଇପଦରଠାରେ ଲୋକମାନେ ଡାକଘର ପୋଡ଼ି ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) କିଏ ଧାମନଗରଠାରେ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନକୁ ଗତିଶୀଳ କରାଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ମୁରଲୀଧର ପଣ୍ଡା ଧାମନଗରଠାରେ ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନକୁ ଗତିଶୀଳ କରାଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଜ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ କିଏ ନିମାପଡ଼ାରେ ପୋଲିସ୍ ଗୁଳିରେ ପ୍ରାଣ ହରାଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ଉତ୍ସବ ମଲ୍ଲିକ ନିମାପଡ଼ାରେ ପୋଲିସ୍ ଗୁଳିରେ ପ୍ରାଣ ହରାଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଝ) କେଉଁଦିନ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମଣ ନାୟକଙ୍କୁ ଫାଶୀ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
୧୯୪୩ ମସିହା ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୯ ତାରିଖରେ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମଣ ନାୟକଙ୍କୁ ଫାଶୀ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା ।

(ଞ) ତାଳଚେରରେ କିଏ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ବିପ୍ଳବର ନେତୃତ୍ବ ନେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ପବିତ୍ରମୋହନ ପ୍ରଧାନ ତାଳଚେରରେ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ବିପ୍ଳବର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।

୪। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଚାରିଗୋଟି ବିକଳ୍ପ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ତା’ର କ୍ରମିକ ନମ୍ବର ସହିତ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କେଉଁ ମସିହାରେ ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାର ‘ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ଦାନ’ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୯୩୯
(ii) ୧୯୪୦
(iii) ୧୯୪୧
(iv) ୧୯୪୨
Answer:
(ii) ୧୯୪୦

(ଖ) କଂଗ୍ରେସ ଅଧ୍ଵଂଶନରେ କିଏ ‘ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼’ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ଆଗତ କରିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ମୌଲାନା ଆବୁଲ୍ କାଲାମ୍ ଆଜାଦ୍
(ii) ସର୍ଦ୍ଦାର ବଲ୍ଲଭଭାଇ ପଟେଲ୍
(iii) ଗୋବିନ୍ଦବଲ୍ଲଭ ପନ୍ଥ
(iv) ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ
Answer:
(iv) ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ

(ଗ) ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସମୟରେ ମହାତ୍ମା ଗାନ୍ଧିଙ୍କୁ କେଉଁଠାରେ ବନ୍ଦୀ କରି ରଖାଯାଇଥିଲା ?
(i) ଅହମ୍ମଦନଗର
(ii) ନାଗପୁର
(iii) ପୁନେ
(iv) ପାଟନା
Answer:
(iii) ପୁନେ

(ଘ) କେବେ କୋରାପୁଟର ଲୋକମାନେ ପାପଡ଼ାହାଣ୍ଡି ନିକଟରେ ଥାନା ଧ୍ବଂସ କରିବାକୁ ଯାଇଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୯୪୨ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୭
(ii) ୧୯୪୨ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୧
(iii) ୧୯୪୨ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୪
(iv) ୧୯୪୨ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୬
Answer:
(ii) ୧୯୪୨ ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୪

(ଙ) କିଏ ‘ଭାରତ ଛାଡ଼’ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ସହିତ ସମ୍ପୃକ୍ତ ନୁହଁନ୍ତି ?
(i) ହରେକୃଷ୍ଣ ମହତାବ
(ii) ସୁରେନ୍ଦ୍ରନାଥ ଦ୍ଵିବେଦୀ
(iii) ଗୋପବନ୍ଧୁ ଚୌଧୁରୀ
(iv) ଗୋପବନ୍ଧୁ ଦାସ
Answer:
(iv) ଗୋପବନ୍ଧୁ ଦାସ

୫| ପାଠରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ‘ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କାମ’’ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନା ଓ ସହାୟତାରେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କର ।
Answer:
(ପିଲାମାନେ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହାୟତା ଓ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନାରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବେ ।)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class History Solutions Chapter 5 ସୁଭାଷ ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଓ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟସେନା Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 5 ସୁଭାଷ ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଓ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟସେନା

୧। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୬୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର ସଦସ୍ୟ ଭାବେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷଙ୍କ ରାଜନୀତିକ ଜୀବନ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଏକ ବିବରଣୀ ପ୍ରଦାନ କର ।
Answer:

• ୧୯୨୩ ମସିହାରେ ସୁଭାଷ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସରେ ଯୋଗଦାନ କଲେ ଓ ବଙ୍ଗଳା ପ୍ରାଦେଶିକ କଂଗ୍ରେସ କମିଟିର ସମ୍ପାଦକ ପଦବୀ ଅଳଂକୃତ କଲେ ।
• ସେ ମହାନ୍ ନେତା ଚିତ୍ତରଞ୍ଜନ ଦାସଙ୍କୁ ତାଙ୍କର ରାଜନୀତିକ ଗୁରୁ ଭାବରେ ଗ୍ରହଣ କଲେ ଓ ତାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରେରଣାରେ ରାଜନୀତିକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କଲେ ।
• ୧୯୨୪ ମସିହାରେ ସେ କୋଲକତା ନଗର ନିଗମର ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟନିର୍ବାହୀ ଅଧିକାରୀ ଭାବେ ନିର୍ବାଚିତ ହେଲେ । ସେ ଉଭୟ ବଙ୍ଗଳା ପ୍ରାଦେଶିକ କଂଗ୍ରେସ କମିଟି ଓ ସର୍ବଭାରତୀୟ ଶ୍ରକିକ ସଂଘର ଅଧ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଭାବେ ନିର୍ବାଚିତ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୩୮ରେ ସେ ହରିପୁର ଅଧ‌ିବେଶନରେ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର ସଭାପତି ରୂପେ ମନୋନୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ୧୯୩୯ରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀଙ୍କ ବିରୋଧ ସତ୍ତ୍ଵେ ତ୍ରିପୁରୀ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ଅଧିବେଶନରେ ମଧ୍ଯ ସଭାପତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
• ପରବର୍ତୀ ସମୟରେ ଗାନ୍ଧିଜୀଙ୍କ ସହ ମତଭେଦ କାରଣରୁ ସୁଭାଷ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ତ୍ୟାଗକରି ୧୯୩୯ ମସିହା ମେ’ ୩ ତାରିଖରେ ‘ଫରୱାର୍ଡ଼ ବ୍ଲକ୍’ ନାମକ ଏକ ରାଜନୈତିକ ଦଳ ଗଠନ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ଭାରତ ପରିତ୍ୟାଗ ପଛରେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷଙ୍କ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ ଓ ଚିନ୍ତାଧାରା କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତ ବାହାରେ ରହି ଭାରତର ସ୍ବାଧୀନତା ପାଇଁ ଲଢ଼େଇ କରିବା ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ୧୯୪୧ ମସିହାରେ ସୁଭାଷ ଛଦ୍ମବେଶରେ ଭାରତ ପରିତ୍ୟାଗ କଲେ ।
• ‘ଶତ୍ରୁର ଶତ୍ରୁ ଆମର ମିତ୍ର’’ ନୀତି ଅନୁସରଣ କରି ସେ ଦେଶ ବାହାରୁ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶକ୍ତିକୁ ଆଘାତ କରିବାପାଇଁ ସିଦ୍ଧାନ୍ତ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଭାରତର ଶତ୍ରୁକୁ ପରାସ୍ତ ଓ ଦମନ କରିବାପାଇଁ ତା’ର ଶତ୍ରୁ ସହିତ ହାତ ମିଳାଇବା ଲାଭଦାୟକ ହେବ ବୋଲି ତାଙ୍କର ହୃଦ୍‌ବୋଧ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।
• ଇତିହାସରୁ ସେ ଶିକ୍ଷାଲାଭ କରିଥିଲେ ଯେ ବହିଃଶକ୍ତିର ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ବିନା କୌଣସି ଜାତି ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ହାସଲ କରିପାରି ନାହିଁ ।
• ସେଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡର ପ୍ରଧାନ ଶତ୍ରୁ ଜର୍ମାନୀ ଓ ଜାପାନର ସମର୍ଥନ ହାସଲ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଉଦ୍ୟମ କଲେ ।

(ଗ) ଜର୍ମାନୀରେ ସୁଭାଷଙ୍କ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକଳାପ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ୧୯୪୧ ମସିହା ଜାନୁୟାରୀ ୨୬ ତାରିଖରେ ଭାରତର ସୀମା ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରି ସୁଭାଷ ଆଫଗାନିସ୍ତାନ ଓ ସୋଭିଏତ୍ ରୁଷ୍ ମଧ୍ୟଦେଇ ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୫ ତାରିଖରେ ମୁସଲମାନ ବେଶରେ ବର୍ଲିନ୍‌ରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲେ ।
• ଜର୍ମାନ୍ ସରକାରଙ୍କ ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ସେ ବର୍ଲିନ୍‌ଠାରେ ଏକ ‘ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ଭାରତ କେନ୍ଦ୍ର’ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା କଲେ ଓ ‘ଫ୍ରି ଇଣ୍ଡିଆ ଆର୍ମି’’ ବା ‘‘ସ୍ଵାଧୀନ ଭାରତ ସୈନ୍ୟବାହିନୀ’’ ଗଠନ କଲେ । ଭାରତୀୟ ସେନାଙ୍କୁ ଜର୍ମାନୀ ସେନାପତିମାନେ ତାଲିମ ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।
• ଜର୍ମାନୀରେ ୧୯୪୧ ମସିହାରେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ ‘ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ରେଡ଼ିଓ’’ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା କରି ସେଠାରୁ ୧୯୪୨ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୧୯ ତାରିଖରେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଗୁପ୍ତ ବେତାରବାର୍ତ୍ତା ବିଶ୍ବବାସୀଙ୍କ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରସାରଣ କଲେ ।
• ସେ ଜର୍ମାନୀର ଶାସକ ହିଟ୍‌ଲର୍‌ଙ୍କୁ ଦେଖାକରି ଭାରତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିବାକୁ ଅନୁରୋଧ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ଏ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ପ୍ରତିଶ୍ରୁତି ଦେଇ ନଥୁଲେ ହେଁ ଜର୍ମାନୀରୁ ନିରାପଦଭାବେ ଜାପାନକୁ ଯାତ୍ରା କରିବାପାଇଁ ହିଟ୍‌ଲର୍ ସୁଭାଷଙ୍କୁ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଘ) ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ସୈନିକମାନଙ୍କର ଗିରଫର ପରିଣାମସ୍ଵରୂପ କ’ଣ ଘଟିଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ୧୯୪୫ ମସିହା ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ମାସରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ତିନି ସେନାଧ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ସାହାନୱାଜ ଖାଁ, ପ୍ରେମ ସେହଗଲ ଓ ଗୁରୁଦୟାଲ୍ ସିଂ ଧ୍ଵନ୍ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ସରକାରଙ୍କଦ୍ବାରା ଗିରଫ ହେଲେ ।
2. ସେହି ବର୍ଷ ନଭେମ୍ବର ୫ ତାରିଖରେ ସେମାନେ ଦିଲ୍ଲୀର ଲାଲକିଲ୍ଲାରେ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠିତ ସାମରିକ ଅଦାଲତର ସମ୍ମୁଖୀନ ହେଲେ ।
3. ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଗ୍ରାମୀଭାବେ ଅଭିହିତ କରି ଭାରତୀୟମାନେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଗିରଫ ଓ ବିଚାର ବିରୋଧରେ ସମଗ୍ର ଦେଶରେ ବିକ୍ଷୋଭ, ଶୋଭାଯାତ୍ରା ଓ ହରତାଳ ସଙ୍ଗଠିତ କଲେ ।
4. ସମସ୍ତ ରାଜନୈତିକ ଦଳ ଯଥା କଂଗ୍ରେସ, ମୁସ୍‌ଲିମ୍ ଲିଗ୍ ଓ ଭାରତୀୟ କମ୍ୟୁନିଷ୍ଟ ପାର୍ଟିର ନେତୃବୃନ୍ଦ ତଥା ଜନସାଧାରଣ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ମୁକ୍ତି ଦାବି କଲେ । ଭୁଲୁଭାଇ ଦେଶାଇ, ତେଜ ବାହାଦୂର ସାହୁ ଓ ଜବାହରଲାଲ୍ ନେହେରୁ ଓ ଆସଫ୍ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ସପକ୍ଷରେ ମକଦ୍ଦମା ଲଢ଼ିଲେ ।
5. ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାରଙ୍କ ବିରୋଧରେ ପ୍ରବଳ ଜନମତ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇବାରୁ ସାମରିକ ଅଦାଲତ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଦୋଷୀ ସାବ୍ୟସ୍ତ କରିବା ସତ୍ତ୍ବେ ଭାଇସ୍‌ରାୟ ଲର୍ଡ଼ ୱାଭେଲ୍ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ଜାନୁୟାରୀ ୧ ତାରିଖରେ ମୁକ୍ତ କରି ଦେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଡି) ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଅଭିଯାନରୁ ମିଳିଥିବା ସୁଫଳ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଏକ ଟିପ୍‌ପଣୀ ଲେଖ ।
Answer:

• ଐତିହାସିକ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣରୁ ବିଚାରକଲେ ଦେଖାଯାଏ ଯେ ନେତାଜୀଙ୍କର ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଅଭିଯାନ ପ୍ରକୃତ ପକ୍ଷରେ ବ୍ୟର୍ଥ ହୋଇନଥିଲା ।
• ଘୋଷିତ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ ପୂରଣରେ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଭାବେ ସଫଳ ହୋଇନଥିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଭାରତର ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଇତିହାସରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଅଭିଯାନର ଫଳ ଥିଲା ସୁଦୂରପ୍ରସାରୀ ।
• ଏହି ସଂଗ୍ରାମର ତାତ୍‌କ୍ଷଣିକ ଫଳ ହିସାବରେ ଭାରତୀୟ ନୌସେନା ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶାସନ ବିରୋଧରେ ବିଦ୍ରୋହ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୪୫ ମସିହାର ଶେଷଭାଗରେ ସାରା ଭାରତବର୍ଷରେ ଯେଉଁ ଉତ୍ତେଜନା ଓ ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ବିରୋଧୀ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ ହୋଇଥିଲା, ତାହା ସରକାରଙ୍କୁ କ୍ରମଶଃ ଭୟଭୀତ କରିଥିଲା ।
• ବ୍ରିଟିଶ୍ ଶକ୍ତି ଉପରେ ଚରମ ଆଘାତ କରି ଏହା ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତିର ପଥକୁ ସୁଗମ କରିଥିଲା ।

୨। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୦ ଗୋଟି ଶବ୍ଦରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) କେଉଁ ଦୁଇଟି ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଏବଂ କେବେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସ ଅଧ‌ିବେଶନର ସଭାପତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

1. ପ୍ରଥମତଃ ୧୯୩୮ ମସିହାରେ ସେ ହରିପୁର ଅଧ‌ିବେଶନରେ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର ସଭାପତି ମନୋନୀତ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।
2. ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟତଃ ୧୯୩୯ ମସିହାରେ ସେ ତ୍ରିପୁରୀ ଅଧୂବେଶନରେ ମଧ୍ଯ ଜାତୀୟ କଂଗ୍ରେସର ସଭାପତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ରାସବିହାରୀ ବୋଷ ବିଦେଶରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା କରିଥିବା ସଙ୍ଗଠନର ନାମ କ’ଣ ?
Answer:

• ଜାପାନରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିବା ଭାରତୀୟ ବିପ୍ଳବୀ ରାସବିହାରୀ ବୋଷ ସେଠାରେ ‘ଭାରତୀୟ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଘ’ ଗଠନ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ସେ କ୍ୟାପଟେନ୍ ମୋହନ ସିଂହଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ୱରେ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟ ବାହିନୀ ବା ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ମଧ୍ୟ ଗଠନ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଗ) ଜର୍ମାନୀରୁ କେବେ ଓ କିପରି ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଟୋକିଓ ଯାଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ୧୯୪୩ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୮ ତାରିଖରେ ସୁଭାଷ କିଲେ ବନ୍ଦରରୁ ବୁଡ଼ାଜାହାଜରେ ଜାପାନ ଅଭିମୁଖେ ଯାତ୍ରା କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୪୩ ମସିହା ଜୁନ୍ ୧୩ ତାରିଖରେ ସେ ଟୋକିଓ ସହରରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଥିଲେ ।

(ଘ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ୪ଟି ବ୍ରିଗେଡ୍‌ର ନାମ କ’ଣ ରଖିଲେ ?
Answer:

1. ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜକୁ ଚାରୋଟି ଯୋଦ୍ଧା ବାହିନୀ ବା ବ୍ରିଗେଡ଼ରେ ବିଭକ୍ତ କରିଥିଲେ ।
2. ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ ହେଲା – ‘ଗାନ୍ଧି ବ୍ରିଗେଡ଼’, ‘ନେହେରୁ ବ୍ରିଗେଡ଼’, ‘ଆଜାଦ୍ ବ୍ରିଗେଡ଼’’ ଏବଂ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର ମହିଳା ଶାଖା ‘ଝାନ୍ସୀ ରାଣୀ ବ୍ରିଗେଡ୍’’ ।

(ଙ) ‘ଦିଲ୍ଲୀ ଚଲୋ’ର ତାତ୍ପର୍ଯ୍ୟ କ’ଣ ?
Answer:

• ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷଙ୍କ ନେତୃତ୍ଵରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ଭାରତ ଅଭିଯାନ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିଥିଲା ।
• ନେତାଜୀଙ୍କ ଗଣଧ୍ଵନି ‘ଦିଲ୍ଲୀ ଚଲୋ’ ଓ ‘ଜୟହିନ୍ଦ୍’ ମନ୍ତ୍ରରେ ଉଦ୍ଦୀପ୍ତ ହୋଇ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ବାହିନୀ ଭାରତର ପୂର୍ବ ସୀମାନ୍ତରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲା । ସୁଭାଷଙ୍କ ମତରେ, ‘ଦିଲ୍ଲୀର ପଥ ହେଲା ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତାର ପଥ’ ।

(ଚ୍) ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ତାହାର ଭାରତ ଅଭିଯାନ ସମୟରେ ଭାରତର କେଉଁ ସହର ଏବଂ କେବେ ଦଖଲ କରିଥିଲା ?
Answer:

• ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ତାହାର ଭାରତ ଅଭିଯାନ ସମୟରେ ଭାରତର ମଣିପୁର ରାଜ୍ୟର କୋହିମା ସହର ଦଖଲ କରିଥିଲା ।
• ୧୯୪୪ ମସିହା ଏପ୍ରିଲ୍ ମାସରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ କୋହିମା ଦଖଲ କରିଥିଲା ।

(ଛ) ଇମ୍ଫାଲ ଦଖଲ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ କାହିଁକି ବିଫଳ ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:

1. ଇମ୍ଫାଲ ଦଖଲ କରିବାପାଇଁ ଅଗ୍ରସର ହେଉଥ‌ିବା ସମୟରେ ପ୍ରବଳ ବର୍ଷା ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେବାରୁ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଯୋଗାଯୋଗ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା! ବିପର୍ଯ୍ୟସ୍ତ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଥିଲା ।
2. ଏଥସହିତ ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ବିଶ୍ଵଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ଜାପାନର ପରାଜୟ ମଧ୍ଯ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ବିପର୍ଯ୍ୟୟର କାରଣ ହେଲା ।

(ଜ) ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ସପକ୍ଷରେ କେଉଁ ଆଇନଜୀବୀମାନେ ମକଦ୍ଦମା ଲଢ଼ିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ସପକ୍ଷରେ ଅନେକ ଭାରତୀୟ ଆଇନଜୀବୀ ମକଦ୍ଦମା ଲଢ଼ିଥିଲେ ।
• ସେମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଥିଲେ ଭୁଲୁଭାଇ ଦେଶାଇ, ତେଜ ବାହାଦୂର ସାପ୍ରୁ, ଜବାହରଲାଲ ନେହେରୁ ଓ ଆସଫ୍ ଅଲ୍ଲୀ ।

(ଝ) ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କୁ କିଏ ଏବଂ କେବେ ମୁକ୍ତ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:

• ଭାରତର ତତ୍କାଳୀନ ଭାଇସ୍‌ୟ ଲର୍ଡ଼ ୱେଭେଲ୍ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ମୁକ୍ତ କରିଥିଲେ ।
• ୧୯୪୬ ମସିହା ଜାନୁୟାରୀ ୧ ତାରିଖ ଦିନ ଭାରତୀୟ ଜନମତର ଚାପରେ ସେ ଏପରି କରିବାକୁ ବାଧ୍ୟ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଞ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷଙ୍କ ବିମାନ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା କେବେ ଏବଂ କେଉଁ ସ୍ଥାନରୁ କେଉଁ ସ୍ଥାନକୁ ଯାତ୍ରା
Answer:

1. ୧୯୪୫ ମସିହା ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୧୮ ତାରିଖରେ ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷଙ୍କ ବିମାନ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣା ଘଟିଥିଲା ।
2. ଜାପାନର ଫର୍ମୋଜାରୁ ଟୋକିଓକୁ ଯାଉଥ‌ିବାବେଳେ ସୁଭାଷ ବିମାନ ଦୁର୍ଘଟଣାରେ ମୃତ୍ୟୁବରଣ କରିଥିବା ସମ୍ବାଦ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଥିଲା ।

୩ । ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ କେଉଁଦିନ ଜନ୍ମଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
୧୮୯୭ ମସିହା ଜାନୁୟାରୀ ୨୩ ତାରିଖରେ ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଜନ୍ମଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଖ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ କାହାକୁ ତାଙ୍କର ରାଜନୀତିକ ଗୁରୁ ଭାବେ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ମହାନ୍ ନେତା ଚିତ୍ତରଞ୍ଜନ ଦାସଙ୍କୁ ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ତାଙ୍କର ରାଜନୀତିକ ଗୁରୁ ଭାବେ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଗ) କଂଗ୍ରେସର କେଉଁ ଅଧିବେଶନରେ ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ପ୍ରଥମଥର ଏହାର ସଭାପତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
କଂଗ୍ରେସର ୧୯୩୮ ମସିହାର ହରିପୁର ଅଧୂବେଶନରେ ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ପ୍ରଥମଥର ଏହାର ସଭାପତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଘ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଗଠନ କରିଥିବା ରାଜନୀତିକ ଦଳର ନାମ କ’ଣ ଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଗଠନ କରିଥିବା ରାଜନୀତିକ ଦଳର ନାମ ଥିଲା ‘ଫରୱାର୍ଡ ବ୍ଳକ୍‌’ ।

(ଙ) ‘‘ଭାରତୀୟ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଘ’’ର ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠାତା କିଏ ଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
‘ଭାରତୀୟ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ସଂଘ’ର ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠାତା ଥିଲେ ଜାପାନରେ ବାସ କରୁଥିବା ଭାରତୀୟ ବିପ୍ଳବୀ ରାସବିହାରୀ ବୋଷ ।

(ଚ) ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଜାପାନର କେଉଁ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀଙ୍କୁ ସାକ୍ଷାତ୍ କରିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ସୁଭାଷଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ବୋଷ ଜାପାନର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଟୋଜୋଙ୍କୁ ସାକ୍ଷାତ୍ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଛ) କିଏ ଝାନ୍ସୀ ରାଣୀ ବ୍ରିଗେଡ୍‌ର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
କ୍ୟାପ୍‌ଟେନ୍ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମୀ ସେହଗଲ ଝାନ୍ସୀ ରାଣୀ ବ୍ରିଗେଡ୍‌ର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ।

(ଜ) ‘ତୁମେ ମତେ ରକ୍ତ ଦିଅ, ମୁଁ ତୁମକୁ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦେବି’’ । କେଉଁ ପରିପ୍ରେକ୍ଷୀରେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ ଏ କଥା କହିଥିଲେ ?
Answer:
ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ସରକାର ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା ପରେ ଇଂରେଜ ସରକାରଙ୍କ ବିରୋଧରେ ଯୁଦ୍ଧଘୋଷଣା ପରିପ୍ରେକ୍ଷୀରେ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ କହିଥିଲେ – ‘ତୁମେ ମତେ ରକ୍ତ ଦିଅ, ମୁଁ ତୁମକୁ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ଦେବି’ ।

(ଝ) ଆଜାଦ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ଭାରତ ଅଭିଯାନ ସମୟରେ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଭାରତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ
Answer:
ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜ ଭାରତ ଅଭିଯାନ ସମୟରେ କୋହିମାଠାରେ ଭାରତୀୟ ପତାକା ଉତ୍ତୋଳନ କରିଥିଲେ ।

(ଞ) କେଉଁ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ବିଚାର ହୋଇଥିଲା ?
Answer:
ଦିଲ୍ଲୀର ଲାଲକିଲ୍ଲାରେ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠିତ ସାମରିକ ଅଦାଲତରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଯୁଦ୍ଧବନ୍ଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ବିଚାର ହୋଇଥିଲା ।

୪। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଚାରିଗୋଟି ବିକଳ୍ପ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ତା’ର କ୍ରମିକ ନମ୍ବର ସହିତ ଲେଖ ।

(କ) ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ କେବେ ଭାରତୀୟ ପ୍ରଶାସନିକ ସେବା (ଆଇ.ସି.ଏସ୍.) ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ଉତ୍ତୀର୍ଣ୍ଣ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୯୧୬
(ii) ୧୯୧୯
(iii) ୧୯୨୦
(iv) ୧୯୨୩
Answer:
(iii) ୧୯୨୦

(ଖ) ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ କେବେ ବର୍ଲିନ୍‌ରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ୧୯୪୧ ଜାନୁୟାରୀ ୨୬
(ii) ୧୯୪୧ ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୫
(iii) ୧୯୪୨ ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ୧୯
(iv) ୧୯୪୩ ଜୁନ୍ ୧୩
Answer:
(iii) ସିଙ୍ଗାପୁର

(ଗ) ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷଙ୍କ ପୂର୍ବରୁ କିଏ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ଫୌଜର ନେତୃତ୍ଵ ନେଇଥିଲେ ?
(i) ରାସବିହାରୀ ବୋଷ
(ii) ସାହାନୱାଜ ଗାଁ
(iii) ଲକ୍ଷ୍ମୀ ସେହଗାଲ
(iv) ମୋହନ ସିଂହ
Answer:
(ii) ୧୯୪୧ ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୫

(ଘ) ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଆଜାଦ୍ ହିନ୍ଦ୍ ସରକାର ଗଠନ କରିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ବର୍ଲିନ
(ii) ଟୋକିଓ
(iii) ସିଙ୍ଗାପୁର
(iv) ବ୍ୟାଙ୍କକ୍
Answer:
(iv) ମୋହନ ସିଂହ

(ଙ) କେଉଁ ଦେଶର ସରକାରଙ୍କଠାରୁ ସୁଭାଷ ବୋଷ ଆଣ୍ଡାମାନ ଓ ନିକୋବର ଦ୍ଵୀପପୁଞ୍ଜର ଦାୟିତ୍ଵ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥିଲେ ?
(i) ଜର୍ମାନୀ
(ii) ଜାପାନ
(iii) ଆୟାରଲାଣ୍ଡ
(iv) ଇଂଲଣ୍ଡ
Answer:
(ii) ଜାପାନ

୫। ପାଠରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ‘ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କାମ’’ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନା ଓ ସହାୟତାରେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କର ।
Answer:
(ପିଲାମାନେ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ସହାୟତା ଓ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶନାରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବେ ।)