Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 11 Approaches to English Book 1 Solutions Unit 4 Text C: Psychobabble School Textbook Activity Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class Alternative English Solutions Unit 4 Text C: Psychobabble
Activity-10
a) Psychoanalysis is no longer used for curing mental diseases. (✓)
b) There is no end to an analysis. (✓)
c) Change in behavior ¡s only produced by self-knowledge. (✓)
d) Psychoanalysis is a waste of time. (✓)
e) Brief counseling is an honest form of talking cure. (✓)
f) Only doctors can become analysts. (✓)
g) Freud used psychoanalysis to cure a wide variety of psychological problems. (✓)
Activity-11
a)“ __________ it goes without saying that his research contributed enormously to our understanding of the subconscious.” (approval).
b) “But the analysis was then adopted for all sorts of psychological problems to which it was entirely insulted” (disapproval)
c) “ __________ if your problem is morbid introspection then the worst thing you can do is to spend hours talking about yourself. (disapproval)
d) “You create new problems for yourself as fast as you solve them, and the phony sense of progress is one of the things that makes it so addictive.” (disapproved)
e) “And all you get rid of ¡s the fee for another two years of treatment.” (approval)
f) In America it was finally the health insurance companies who called a halt to this madness. (approval)
g) “ __________ it involves a maximum of 25 sessions and sometimes just one.” (disapproval).
Activity-12
a) Which of the following in your opinion is the main purpose of the article?
(i) to describe a typical analysis session.
(ii) to amuse the reader.
(iii) to shock the reader.
(iv) to criticize psychoanalysis.
(v) to convince the reader that psychoanalysis is a waste of memory.
Answer:
(v) to convince the reader that psychoanalysis is a waste of memory.
b) How would you describe the writer’s attitude towards
(i) psychoanalysis,
(ii) Brief counseling.
Disapproving Admiring
Approving Indifferent
Contemptuous Prejudiced
Uncompromising.
Answer:
Critical.
Activity-13
Cohesive Devices: Link Words
In Unit III you have looked at reference aa a device that binds the sentences of a text together. There are hints at the use of discourse markers as the author’s important device of text cohesion. Discourse markers (also called indicators in discourse) are easily recognized. “Signposts indicate how the writer has organized the text and what’s” he intends to say. They include link words such as ‘however, although furthermore but, newly’. They also include expressions such as “the second fact is ‘that’, which shows that the writer is introducing a second point in his discourse. In the following text, some link words are missing. Put in the link words from the
Instead of When But Then Yet However That’s how.
Television was invented by John Logie Baird. When he was young he built an airplane. He tried to fly in it, But it crashed down below. Baird was fortunate not to be killed. __________ he was older, he became a businessman. __________ his business failed, __________ he thought of working at television. His family advised him not to do it. He did not listen to them. __________ he rented an attic and brought the apparatus he needed. He started working. One day, he saw a picture on his screen. He rushed out to get someone he could ‘televise’. He found an office boy and took him back to the office. __________ no image of the boy appeared on the screen. The boy terrified, had put his head down. He put it up again. His picture appeared on the screen. __________ television had been invented.
Answer:
Television was invented by John Logic Baird. When he was young he built an airplane. He tried to fly in it. But it crashed down below. Baird was fortunate not to be killed. When he was older, he became a businessman. But his business failed, Then he thought of working at television. His family advised him not to do it instead. He did not listen to them. However, he rented an attic and bought the apparatus he needed. He started working. One day, he saw a picture on his screen. He rushed out to get someone he could ‘televise’. He found an office boy and took him back to the office. Yet no image of the boy appeared on the screen. The boy terrified, had put his head down. He put it up again. His picture appeared on the screen. That’s how television had been invented.
Section – C
Introduction:
In this section, you will have the pleasure of reading an interesting article, ‘Psychobabble’. For the present, however, read-only its opening paragraph and guess what the article is about.
Psychobabble Summary in English
An unhappy man lies on a sofa. He is allowed to ramble on for an hour about thinking about something. He thinks about how an amount of $35 will be $30,000 after four or five years. It is actually, very odd. But people have been falling for it for a century. Freud invented Psychoanalysis in 1895. His research contributed enormously to the understanding of the subconscious. But it is obvious whether this analysis has any place in modern medical treatment.
Fraud and his co-worker’s ‘The Talking Cure’ was designed specifically to uncover the cause of hysterical symptoms and had a few successes. George Gershwin who was psychoanalyzed by doctors died, at the age of 39. Psychoanalysis was also administered as a cure for Schizophrenia and mental deficiency on which there was no effect at all. Woody Allen, a Western intellectual who is himself living proof that you can be analyzed until you are semicomatose and still end up with your personal life.
They believed that understanding will produce change which is highly doubtful. Any drunk driver who gets pulled over may well understand that he has behaved irresponsibly. But this understanding does not reduce the pleasure of drinking. It is considered a bad form to talk about what .you will achieve. The other thing that hooks people in the analysis is the phenomenon of transference. Psychoanalysts who expect and even encourage this will tell you it’s how the patient ultimately gets rid of those feelings.
In America, it was finally the Health Insurance Companies who called a halt to all this madness. The analysts were forced to admit that treatment was open-ended and the benefits uncertain. The dominant psychological problems are identified right from the start and a time limit is set for sorting them out. Learning from experiences is encouraged and strategies are worked out that will stop one from repeating self-destructive behavior. Most of our problems arise from making the same stupid mistake again and again.
Analytical outlines of the text:
- An unhappy man lies on a sofa.
- He is allowed to think for one hour.
- He thinks about how an amount of $35 will be $30,000 after four or five years.
- It is, actually, very odd.
- But people have been falling for it for a century.
- Freud invented psychoanalysis in 1895.
- His research helps to understand the subconscious.
- But it is obvious whether this analysis has any place in modern medical treatment.
- Freud and his coworkers produced “The talking cure”.
- It was specially designed to uncover the cause of hysterical symptoms.
- It had, however, a few successes.
- George Gershwin was psychoanalyzed by doctors.
- But he died at the age of 39.
- Psychoanalysis was administered as a cure for Schizophrenia.
- It is also applicable to mental deficiency.
- Actually, there was no effect at all.
- Woody Allen, a Western intellectual is himself living proof.
- One can be analyzed until one is semi-comatose.
- One can analyze it till ends up with his personal life.
- They believe that understanding will produce change.
- Actually, it is highly doubtful.
- Any drunk driver can understand his irresponsible behavior.
- But this understanding does not reduce the pleasure of drinking.
- It is considered a bad form.
- The other thing that hooks people in the analysis is the phenomenon of transference.
- Psychoanalysts encourage the patients to get rid of these feelings ultimately.
- The health insurance companies in America have stopped all this madness.
- To analysts, treatment is open-ended.
- But benefits are uncertain to them.
- The dominant psychological problems are identified.
- Learning from experiences is encouraged.
- Strategies are worked out not to repeat self-destructive behavior.
- Most of our problems arise from making the same stupid mistake again and again.
Meaning of difficult words:
ramble – to travel, to wander, to trail, here talk about ceaselessly.
confused – perplexed, disordered, disturbed.
enormously – immensely, atrociously, greatly.
hysterical – excitement, morbidity, terrible mental excitement.
symptoms – signs, characteristics, and traits of a desire.
adopted – taken up, received, used, employed.
Schizophrenia – violent mental problem.
depression – pressing down, saddening, mental frustration.
diminish – lessen, reduce, decrease.
compensate – make amounts for, replace the loss with something.
diagnosis – finding out the cause of an ailment, and identification of disease by symptoms.
therapists – persons treating diseases in a certain way.