Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 11 Approaches to English Book 1 Solutions Unit 3 Text A: The Telephone Textbook Activity Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 11th Class Alternative English Solutions Unit 3 Text A: The Telephone
Activity-1
Text-organization
The following sentences have been removed from the passage. Decide which; paragraph each of them will fit in.
a) The telephone’s actual ring- more perhaps, than any other sound in our daily lives, evokes hope, relief, fear, anxiety, and joy according to our expectations.
b) Or perhaps- again not probably- by magnifying and extending irrational personal conflicts based on voice! contact. It has caused wars.
c) It is small and gentle- relying on how voltage and miniature parts- in times of hugeness and violence.
Answer:
(a) The telephone’s actual ringer more perhaps, than any other sound in our t daily lives, evokes hope, relief, fear, anxiety, joy, according to our expectations. (Paragraph-2)
(b) Or perhaps- again not probably- by magnifying and extending irrational personal conflicts based on voice contact. It has caused wars. (Paragraph-1)
(c) It is small and gentle- relying on how voltage and miniature parts- in times of hugeness and violence. (Paragraph-3)
Activity-2
Understanding The Relation Between The Parts Of The Text:
Complete the sentences below to show your understanding! of how the paragraphs in Text-A are related.
a) The passage as a whole deals with
b) The first paragraph decides
c) In the second the writer tells us about
d) And the concluding paragraph
Answer:
a) The passage as a whole deals with telephones and their uses.
b) The first paragraph decides the Introduction based on cricket.
c) In the second the writer tells us about telephone ringing and its role in hallucination.
d) And the concluding paragraph presents a paradoxical or opposite value.
Activity-3
Comprehension
Answer the following questions as briefly as you can:
Question (a).
Brooks mentions both positive and negative effects of the telephones on our lives. Enumerate the positive effects and the negative „ effects separately.
Answer:
The positive effects mentioned in the passage are:
1. It saves lives by getting rapid ward of illness, injury or famine from remote places.
2. By joining with the elevator, it makes possible the multi story residence or office building.
3. It has made the modem city.
4. It brings about a quantum leap in the speed and ease with information moves from place to place.
5. It accelerates the rate of scientific and technological change and growth in industry.
6. It prevents waging war.
The negative of the telephone are the following:
1. It has crippled the ancient art of letter writing.
2. It has made the waging of war chillingly more efficient.
3. It has extended the scope of human conflicts.
4. It involves personal risk.
Question (b).
How does using the telephone involves personal risk?
Answer:
Using telephone involves a tremendous personal risk because it involves exposure for some to be “hung upon” which happen to be the worst among fears. And some others also dream of a ringing phone and wake up with a heart heavily beating.
Question (c).
A paradox is a seeming contra-diction that is some how true. In what sense is the telephone “a thing of paradox”?
Answer:
Telephone involves contradictory things. It has both the brighter and darker aspect – the positive and negative effects. It is, in one sense, a metaphor for the times that helped to create and in another sense it is their polar opposite.
Extra Activity-3 (A)
Question (a).
In what way does telephone act as a source of active and rapid information?
Answer:
Telephone helps to save lives by obtaining rapid message of illness, injury or famine from distant place.
Question (b).
What does it have do with multi story building?
Answer:
Making conneetion with elevators to. make possible the multistorey buildings- residence or office.
Question (c).
How does it accelerate scientific and technological changes in the industry?
Answer:
A quantum leap in speech and ease has been achieved making information more from place to place. It has greatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological change and growth in the industry.
Question (d).
How does telephone cripple letter writing?
Answer:
Telephone has crippled the ancient art of letter writing. It makes direct contact ‘ with both the parties at both ends. It marks the spirit of writing one’s mind through letters because it is convenient to establish contact easily and directly. The easy going people resort to the telephone and set aside writing letters.
Activity-4
Understanding The Language Functions
The activity is meant to develop your awareness of the final points of Text-A. Go back to the text after reading each question in the Activity and write your answers.
Question (i).
Brooks uses the first person plural “us” in this except instead of speaking either just about himself or about people in general. Why do you think he does this?
Answer:
The first person narrative is a powerful means of communication that includes people in general and the. another himself. He uses this technique to make communication more effective.
Question (ii).
The essay begins with a question. ’ Would a direct statement be more effective as an introduction? Write a brief justification of your as to this question.
Answer:
Beginning an essay or any other writing makes the literary piece more eye-catching and emphatic. A question sentence at the outset marks prominence and attracts the attention of the readers, Any other statement form wouldn’t have acquired the same effect as a question at the beginning of writing.
Question (iii).
How does the first sentence in paragraph 2 serve as a transition between paragraph-I and 2?
Answer:
Transition implies a change from one condition or set of circumstances to another. The first sentence ¡n paragraph-2 which begins with; “But the question remains unanswered” is quite obvious about the change of immediate context of the previous sentences.
Question (iv).
Identify the phases in the passage that explicitly point to the cause-and-effect connections.
Answer:
(a) Elevator to make possible,
(b) Personal risk because it involves exposure.
Question (v).
Brooks ends this brief introduction to the effect of the telephone with a quotation. Do you think this is an effective conclusion ? Explain.
Answer:
Brooks ends this brief introduction to the effect of the telephone with a quotation, r Using such quotations as a conclusion is likely an effective conclusion
Activity-5
(Understanding the writer’s attitude and, purpose)
Question (a).
Which of the following phrases best expresses Ibe writer’s purpose?
i) It presents objective ‘ information.
ii) to decide a situation and present others’ comment on it.
iii) to persuade the readér that the use of the telephone is an unmixed blessing.
iv) to convince the reader of the Importance of the telephone.
v) to present his personal views is the effects of the telephône.
Answer:
(i) to present objective information.
Question (b).
How would you describe the writer’s attitude towards the telephone? Choose from the following list. critical Indifferent admiring prejudiced approving disapproving condemning.
Answer:
The writer’s attitude is “critical”.
Activity-6
Indicators In Discourse/reference
What do the words ¡n’ italics refer to In the’passage?
a) “…………………….. it uns made possible for better or worse …………………… (lines – 4)
b) “……………………. by so doing, it has played a role…….(lines – 9)
c) it involves exposure ………………………” (lines 2-3)
d) ……………….. in another sense the telephone is their olar opposite.” (lines 3-2) “
Answer:
(a) It = the telephone
(b) so doing = writing letters
(c) it = personal risk
(d) their = the times.
Note
Sentences. in a text do not stand in isolation but -are opposite together with what has gone before and what comes after. One of the important ways in which a writer joins all the sentences together. to make which is one coherent text is a reference. Reference means the use of common words like “he”, “she”, 4bIt. ‘this”, ‘that”, “sà” etc. to refer to people things, or terns of information needlessly; the writer will not repeat a name where “he” or she” will do.
Obviously then to find the meaning of reference word (such as “he” or “she”), it is necessary to, look outside the sentence or the part of the sentence in which it occurs. We have her introduced reference as one of the important ways1 whiçh help tie the text together. Latçr we will look at another important device, of text cohesion, namely, the use of discourse-makers.
Activity-7
Writing A Pamphlet
Write a pamphlet, making an appeal to the people to avoid misusing the telephone. You Cad use the following outlines:
– how some people go on gossiping over the. telephone and keep the lines busy.
– the effects of such irresponsible use of the telephone.
– your suggestions regarding how the misuse of the telephone can be avoided.
– benefits of economical use of the telephone to .oneself and the others.
Answer:
It has become a common feature with some people who go on gossiping over telephones. They consider it as a play thing. They forget that telephone is a means of communication. It acts as a medium for exigencies and messages. Our gossiping over phones is just misusing it. One has just to send messages from a distance. This act of gossiping keeps the lines busy and prevents people with an urgent message from communicating. The lines are engaged and busy. Gossiping without any purpose and pursuit poses two problems.
One financial, the other dislocations. The person who gossips unnecessarily invites unwarranted financial burden to himself and the busy lines owing to his gossip brings about dislocation for others to communicate even urgent messages. An awareness among telephone users is the only powerful way of reducing the instinct for making undue gossips over telephone. Every customer has to be aware of the economical use of the telephone which will enable him to make discreet use’of the telephone. The less you talk, the less you pay. One has to decide what to talk and what to leave out.
The Telephone Summary in English
What does this unit contain?
This unit will present the following four texts, each of them related to some aspects of our living in modern times.
Text-A : The Telephone (John Brooks)
Text-B : Saturday Morning Violence (Nonnanrovisor).
Text-C : New Superstitiohi for old (Margaret Mead).
Text-D : Burnout (A Newspaper article)
The aim of this unit is to help you. practice writing pamphlets and dialogues and develop the following sub-skills of reading:
1. Understanding relations between the parts of a reading text.
2. Recognising indicators in discourse.
3. Understanding the writer’s purpose and attitude; and
4. Identifying the structure of a text in respect of cause-and-effect relationships and the development of arguments.
Section – A
Pre-reading Activity:
The telephone has come almost an indispensable part of modern life. Can you think of three positive effects and three negative effects of the telephone on our lives?
| positive effects | Negative effects |
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
Now read the following brief excerpt from the book Telephone the First Hundred Years by John Brook and check whether the writer includes your points about the effects of the telephone on our life.
Text-A
By Johe Brooks Summary
The telephone has saved the lives of people from illness or farming from distance. Joining with the elevator, has made possible the multi-story residence, or office building. It has also made the modern, city possible. It has quickened the rate of scientific and technological changes and growth in the industry. But it has handicapped the ancient art of letter writing. It has played a great role in the social, changes of a country. Waging war has become more efficient for this.
It has also extended the scope of human conflicts since it impartially disseminates the useful knowledge of scientists and the babble of bores, the affection of the affectionate and the malice of the malicious. The use of the telephone also values personal risk for it involves exposure. The telephone is our connecting link with society Marshall Meluhan has said that the telephone creates “a king of extrasensory- perception.”
Analytical outlines of the Text:
- The telephone has saved the life of people.
- It saved people from illness.
- It also saved people from famine from distance.
- They are joined by the elevator.
- It has made possible the multistorey residence or building.
- It has also made the modern city possible.
- It has quickened the rate of scientific changes.
- It has quickened the technology. changes.
- It has also quickened the growth of the industry.
- But it has handicapped the ancient art of letter writing.
- It has played a great role in the social changes of a country.
- Waging war has become more efficient for this.
- It has also extended the scope of human conflicts.
- Since it impartially propagates the useful knowledge of scientists.
- It also propagates the babble of bores.
- It also propagates the affection of the affectionate.
- It also propagates the malice of the malicious.
- The use of telephones also values personal risks.
- It values as it involves exposure.
- The telephone is our connecting link with society.
- Marshal McLuhan has said that the telephone creates, “a kind of extra-sensory perception.”
Meaning of difficult words:
remote – separated, indirect, distant, a long way away.
elevator – a lift in a big building to carry people up and down.
multi-story – many-storeyed, high building with a lot of stories.
quantum leap – a very large improvement
ease – comfort, a happy state of affairs.
accelerated – hasten, the progress of, to increase the speed of, quickened.
crippled – handicapped, disabled, unable to do things.
evanescent – disappear, vanish from sight or memory.
nerve-end – connecting link, bridging gap.
paradox – two apparently contrad¬ictory elements made a paradox of they can be reconceived to give a truth.