Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Political Science Solutions Unit 3 Democratic Process in India-II Objective Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class Political Science Unit 3 Democratic Process In India-II Objective Questions
Multiple Choice Questions With Answers
Question 1.
The worse form of Regionalism is:
(a) State autonomy
(b) Secessionism
(c) Linguistic Regionalism
(d) Sons of the soil policy
Answer:
(b) Secessionism
Question 2.
Regionalism in its negative form means:
(a) Love of ones culture
(b) Love of Ones area
(c) Living in a region
(d) Giving primacy to local interests over national interests.
Answer:
(d) Giving primacy to local interests over national interests.
Question 3.
Regionalism can be checked by:
(a) Promotion of National Integration
(b) Spread of education.
(c) Rapid economic development
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(d) All the above.
Question 4.
Some Regionalism is:
(a) Evil
(b) National
(c) Unnatural
(d) Anti-national
Answer:
(b) National
Question 5.
Casteism adversely affects:
(a) Government-making
(b) Status group
(c) Social group
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 6.
Caste is a:
(a) Association
(b) Social group
(c) Kinship group
(d) Status group
Answer:
(c) Kinship group
Question 7.
Casteism can be checked by:
(a) Family
(b) legal Ban
(c) Religion
(d) Secularism and Education
Answer:
(d) Secularism and Education
Question 8.
Caste was described by» Jay Prakash Narayan as:
(a) Factor of politics
(b) Most major political party
(c) Source of Unity.
(d) Social symbol.
Answer:
(b) Most major political party
Question 9.
Communalism is:
(a) Inhuman conduct
(b) Social evil
(c) Mental disease
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 10.
Casteism is a:
(a) Social Evil
(b) Natural
(c) Moral Code
(d) Necessary Evil
Answer:
(a) Social Evil
Question 11.
Communalism can be checked by:
(a) Military
(b) Police
(c) Government
(d) People
Answer:
(d) People
Question 12.
Communalism is the product of:
(a) Narrow and irrational outlook
(b) Politics
(c) History
(d) Social relations
Answer:
(a) Narrow and irrational outlook
Question 13.
What encourages communalism in society?
(a) Communal politics
(b) Communal thinking
(c) Communalization of history
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 14.
Communalism constitutes the biggest challenge to:
(a) Economy
(b) Public health
(c) National Unity and Integration
(d) Religious freedom
Answer:
(c) National Unity and Integration
Question 15.
What is weapon used by terrorism for facing the people to obey its command?
(a) Suppression and Dominance
(b) Militancy
(c) Terror
(d) Organized power
Answer:
(c) Terror
Question 16.
What is the basic means which the terrorists use for securing their narrow selfish goals?
(a) Violence
(b) Killings
(c) Force
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 17.
Terrorism can be tackled by which means:
(a) International law
(b) Collective global action
(c) State Terrorism
(d) Promotion of strong National Integration.
Answer:
(d) Promotion of strong National Integration.
Question 18.
Terrorism is:
(a) Anti-Liberal
(b) Anti-Democratic
(c) Anti-Human
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 19.
National Integration can be strengthened by which means?
(a) Efforts of the civil society
(b) Faith in Multi-culturism and secularism
(c) Value based education
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 20.
National Integration can be achieved by dependence upon which means?
(a) Social reforms
(b) Conscious collective efforts of the People
(c) Constitutional Directives
(d) State laws
Answer:
(b) Conscious collective efforts of the People
Fill in the Blanks with Appropriate Words
1. Subjects that were placed on the Union List were ______, _______ and __________.
Answer: taxes, defence, and foreign affairs.
2. Subjects on the Concurrent List were ______ and ______.
Answer: forest and agriculture.
3. Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role in development was called a _________ model.
Answer: mixed-economy
4. The death of _______ sparked off such violent protests that the government was forced to give in to the demand for the linguistic state of Andhra.
Answer: Potti Sriramulu
True or False
1. At independence, the majority of Indians lived in villages.
Answer:
True
2. The Constituent Assembly was made up of members of the Congress party.
Answer:
False
3. In the first national election, only men were allowed to vote.
Answer:
False
4. The Second Five Year Plan focussed on the development of heavy industry.
Answer:
True
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Name the leader who played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of princely states to join the Indian Union.
Answer:
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
Question 2.
What is meant by Two Nation Theory?
Answer:
Two Nation Theory was propounded by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to create separate state for Muslims.
Question 3.
Mention the main recommendation of the State Reorganisation Commission of 1953.
Answer:
The main recommendation of the State Reorganisation Commission was to organise states on language basis and the boundaries of states could also reflect the linguistic aspects.
Question 4.
Which two languages were spoken in Bombay state before it was divided in 1960?
Answer:
Gujarati and Marathi
Question 5.
Name any four princely states that resisted their merger with the Indian Union?
Answer:
Junagadh, Hyderabad, Kashmir and Manipur.
Question 6.
How many princely states consisted at the time of independence of India?
Answer:
565 princely states.
Question 7.
What was meant by princely states?
Answer:
Princely states were ruled by princes who employed some form of control over their internal affairs under the supremacy of the British.
Question 8.
What was the basis of the report of States Reorganisation Commission?
Answer:
States Reorganisation Commission Report was based on the distribution of boundaries of states on language basis to reflect linguistic aspects.
Question 9.
Why were the states reorganised on linguistic basis in India in 1956?
Answer:
States were reorganised on linguistic basis in India in 1956 to maintain unity and integrity of the nation to avoid violence and conflicts among the people.
Question 10.
Whose speech was known as ‘tryst with destiny’?
Answer:
‘Tryst with destiny’ speech was delivered by the first Prime Minister of independent India Pt. Jawahar Lai Nehru while addressing special session of constituent Assembly as the midnight of 14-15 August 1947.
Question 11.
Name the states which decided to remain independent in place of joining India.
Answer:
Travancore, Junagadh, Hyderabad and Bhopal decided to remain independent.
Question 12.
In which Congress Session proposal for linguistic principles of reorganisation was accepted?
Answer:
Nagpur Congress Session of 1920.
Question 13.
Name the movement which demanded the separate province for Andhra region.
Answer:
The Vishal Andhra movement demanded that Telugu speaking areas should be separated from Madras Province of which they were a part and be made into a separate Andhra Province.
Question 14.
Why did Amritsar and Kolkata become communal zones?
Answer:
Amritsar and Kolkata became communal zones because Muslims did not wish to move into area of Hindus and Sikhs majority and on the other hand Hindus and Sikhs also wanted to stay away from the areas of Muslim predominance.
Question 15.
Define Globalisation.
Answer:
Globalisation refers to integration of an economy with the other country based on interdependence.
Question 16.
What is WSF?
Answer:
WSF is the World Social Forum, a global platform to bring together a wide coalition of human rights activists, environmentalists and women activists.
Question 17.
Identify any two consequences of the partition of India in 1947.
Answer:
1. Communal Riots took place as the people of one community were killed and maimed by the people of other community in the name of religion.
2. People went through immense sufferings as they were forced to abandon their homes and to secure temporary shelter in the refugee camps. Thousands of women were abducted on both sides of border.
Question 18.
Mention any two challenges that India faced just after independence.
Answer:
(i) Challenge to shape a nation
(ii) Challenges to establish democracy. Or
(iii) Challenge to ensure the development and well being of the entire society.
Question 19.
Name the original states from which the following states were carved out.
(a) Meghalaya (b) Gujarat
Answer:
(a) Assam (1972) (b) Bombay (1960)
Question 20.
Explain the role played by Sardar Patel in the integration of princely states into the Indian Union.
Answer:
Sardar Patel negotiated with the rulers of princely states and diplomatically merged most of them into the Indian Union i.e. there were 26 small states in today’s Orissa and 14 big states and 119 small states in today’s Gujarat.
Question 21.
Which state got divided on bilingual basis?
Answer:
Bombay got divided on bilingual basis consisting of Gujarat and Marathi speaking people. After popular agitation, the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat were created in 1960.
Question 22.
Name the leader who advocated separate state of Andhra Pradesh by observing fast unto death and participation in Salt Satyagraha.
Answer:
The leader Potti Sriramulu of Madras resigned from government job to participate in Salt Satyagraha and advocated equality in the society and demanded entry of dalits in temples of Madras as well as observed fast unto death since 19 October 1952 to create separate state of Andhra Pradesh
Question 23.
What was government’s approach towards the integration of princely states was based on three considerations?
Answer:
1. Most of the princely states willingly wanted to join Indian Union.
2. The government wanted to accommo-‘date plurality by adopting flexible approach
in dealing with the demand of the region.
3. The central government was so much concerned towards integration and
consolidation of territorial boundaries of Indian nation.
Questions 24.
Which interests were hidden behind the conflicts between Hindus and Muslims at the time of independence?
Answer:
Hindu and Muslim communities bear some political interests at the time of independence:
1. Muslim League demanded a separate nation for Muslims to protect the interests of Muslims only.
2. There were some Hindu organisations also which made efforts to look after the interests of Hindus only to make India a‘Hindu Nation’.
Question 25.
“India got independence under very difficult circumstances rather than any other country”. Justify thfe statement.
Answer:
India got independence in 1947 under very difficult circumstances:
1. Freedom came with the partition of the country.
2. The year 1947 became the year of unprecedented violence and trauma.
3. Still our leader faced all these challenges in an appreciable manner by accommodating regional diversities also.
Passage Based Questions With Answers
Passage 1.
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions:
The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into smaller principalities of different sizes: The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel, India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period, immediately after Independence, played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of Princely States in bringing most of them into the Indian Union.
Question 1.
Which government has been referred to as the interim government?
Answer:
The Indian National Congress has been referred to as the interim government.
Question 2.
Why did the Muslim League oppose the Indian National Congress?
Answer:
The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress because it was of the view that the states should be free to adopt any course they liked.
Question 3.
What makes the role of Sardar Patel a historic one? Explain.
Answer:
Sardar Patel was India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the
crucial period immediately following Independence. He negotiated with the rulers of princely states firmly but diplomatically and brought most of them into the Indian Union.
Passage 2.
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions:
We should begin to work in that spirit and in course of time all these angularities of the majority and minority communities, the Hindu community and the Muslim community- because even as regards Muslims you have Pathans, Punjabis, Shias, Sunnis and so on and among the Hindus you have Brahmins, Vaishnavas, Khatris, also Bengalees, Madrasis, and so on-will vanish. You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this State of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed-that has nothing to do with the business of the State. — Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
Question 1.
Do you think that Jinnah’s statement contradicts the theory which was the basis of creation of Pakistan? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Jinhah’s statement does not con-tradict the ‘Two Nations’ Theory’ as he aimed at the creation of separate state for Muslims without any interference in other communities like Pathans, Punjabis, Shias and Sunnis.
Question 2.
What is the essence of Jinnah’s statement in this passage?
Answer:
The essence of Jinnah’s statement in this passage is his secular outlook regarding the protection and promotion of every community by giving freedom to practices one’s own beliefs (religiously).
Question 3.
To what extent did Pakistan live up to Jinnah’s expectations in this passage?
Answer:
Pakistan did not live up to Jinnah’s expectations because Pakistan became an orthodox Muslim country that did not respect the interests of other communities after independence.
Passage 3.
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions:
We have a Muslim minority who are so large in numbers that they cannot, even if they want, go anywhere else. That is a basic fact about which there can be no argument.. Whatever the provocation from Pakistan and whatever the indignities and horrors inflicted on non-Muslims there, we have got to deal with this minority in a civilized manner. We must give them security and the rights of citizens in a democratic state. If we fail to do so, we shall have a festering sore which will eventually poison the whole body politic and probably destroy it. —Jawaharlal Nehru.
Question 1.
Why did Jawaharlal Nehru want to deal with the Muslim minority in a civilized way?
Answer:
Because India adopted democracy which commits equal rights and opportunities to each and every human being in a place of dividing them.
Question 2.
Why this minority should be given security and rights on the same footing as 20 all others in a democratic system?
Answer:
It was argued by Jawaharlal Nehru not only for ethical and sentimental reasons but prudential reasons also to realize long-cherished goals and principles such as socialism, equality, and fraternity.
Question 3.
If this minority was not provided security and rights what kind of scenario is envisaged?
Answer:
If this minority was not provided security and rights it may affect:
- Basic nature of the democratic system.
- It is against the secular nature of India.
- It may affect India’s foreign policy also.
- It may threaten other minorities also.
- Most important it may lead to the disintegration of the nation.