Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Approaches to English Book 1 Solutions Unit 2 Text A: Our Environment Textbook Activity Questions and Answers.
CHSE Odisha 12th Class Alternative English Solutions Unit 2 Text A: Our Environment
Section -A
Activity -1
Skimming
Suggest a suitable title for the passage.
Answer:
Environment: It’s Pollution And Restoration
Activity – 2
Vocabulary
Find out from Text – Awards which more or less means the following paragraph numbers have been given in brackets:
of a large amount (2)
producing a large number of something (2)
A situation in which a difficult choice is to be made between two unpleasant options (2)
Mysteriouslyinteresting (3)
To be rubbed and destroyed gradually(6)
Sudden and destructive (8)
Relationship between all plants, animals, weather conditions, and geological features of an area (8)
Sad and without hope (12)
Answer:
Of a large amount – beautiful.
Producing a large number or amount of something – plentiful.
A situation in which a difficult choice is to be made between two unpleasant options prolific and hospital world that is unique in the universe.
Mysteriously interesting – intriguing
To be rubbed and destroyed gradually – erosion
Sudden and destructive – catastrophic
Relationship between all plants, weather-ecosystems
Sad and without hope – dismal.
Extra Activity
Find words in the Text – A which derive from the following words:
| Imagination | severe |
| beauty | erode |
| host | deplete |
| Universal | poor |
| regeneration | contaminate |
| spontaneity | industry |
| complicate | pollute |
| sufficiency |
Answer:
| Imagine | severity |
| beautiful | erosion |
| hospitable | depletion |
| universe | poverty |
| regenerate | contamination |
| spontaneous | industrial |
| complications | pollution |
| sufficient |
Activity – 3
Comprehension
On the basis of your reading, say whether the following statements are true or false. Write (T) for true and (F) for false at the end of the statement.
(i) Different species of living beings make our planet habitable.
(ii) Poor countries have larger population growth.
(iii) Three-quarters of the world’s poorest nations are in Asia.
(iv) The world depends mostly on fossil fuels.
(v) Anybody would like to get back the world that existed a century ago.
Answer:
(i) Different species of living beings make our planet habitable. (T)
(ii) Poor countries have larger population growth. (T)
(iii) Three-quarters of the world’s poorest nations are in Asia. (F)
(iv) The world depends mostly on fossil fuels. (T)
(v) Anybody would like to get back the world that existed a century ago. (T)
Activity -4
Comprehension
Answer the following questions, each with a sequence or two with reference to the passage.
Question (i)
Why is the world considered bountiful?
Answer:
The world is considered bountiful because it laps plenty of animals, birds, tiny living organisms, plants, human beings, aquatic creatures, and many other things. It is a planet where life is possible it looks beautiful with natural objects.
Question (ii)
Why is the effect of population growth harsher on developing countries?
Answer:
Developing countries suffer a serious setback owing to the population with affection development. The existing sustenance is sufficient for the growing population. Scarcity becomes a regular feature that ultimately leads to poverty. Development gets handicapped owing to population growth.
Question (iii)
What is food security dependent on?
Answer:
Food security is dependent on poverty, democracy, and equitable distribution. suggestion for improvement only. The introduction of the first section tells about the feet that the earth was the most beautiful and the most suitable place to live in. This would make the reader know how human activities are responsible for the destruction of the beautiful earth.
Activity -6
Grammar
In the text, Awe have come across phrases like
Life – support system
Zero-population growth
Fossil- fuel consumption
Pollution control measures etc.
In which the last line of the phrase is modified by other nouns going before it.
They may be expanded into the ‘system that supports life’ the rate of growth of population as zero etc.
Now, expand the noun phrases underlined in the following sentences and rewrite the sentences.
I shall meet you at the car park.
The building materials industry is going through a recession.
You can find the knife in the kitchen cupboard.
He lived a hand-to-mouth existence.
The publication department brought out a pamphlet on Pathani Samant.
Answer:
I shall meet you where the car park.
The industry that makes building materials is going through a recession.
You can find the knife in the cupboard in the kitchen.
He lived an existence that provides just had to mouth.
The department publications brought out a pamphlet on Pathani Samant.
Activity – 7
Grammar
Sometimes verb + ing works as adjectives. Earth-moving activities, towering trees, self-sustaining communities, and pressing problems are such examples. Even past participle forms (en) of verbs work as adjectives, such as a broken doll, the bored children, etc.
Rewrite the following sentences using a participle (-ignore forms):
The town where I grew up made steel
(a steel-making town)
We hired builders based in Kolkata.
The main road that was lined with trees looked majestic.
His performance at the national games broke a number of records.
The dispute had been going on for a long time.
Answer:
We hired Kolkata-based builders.
The main road that was lined with trees was majestic looking.
It was a record-breaking performance of his at the national games.
It was a long-standing dispute.
Extra Activity – 7(A)
Fill in the blanks with the correct proposition from Text- A
Question 1.
Imagine that you are an astronaut returning_______ the earth ________ a long trip_______ the moon or Mars.
Answer:
Imagine that you are an astronaut returning to the earth after a long trip to the moon or Mars.
Question 2.
Compared_______ the conditions________ the other plannets_________ our solar system temperatures ________ the earth are mild and relatively constant.
Answer:
Compared to the conditions on the other planets in our solar system, temperatures on the earth are mild and relatively constant.
Question 3.
Food shortages and famines already are too familiar __________ many places and may increase _________ frequency and severity if population growth, soil erosion, and nutrient depletion continue ___________ the same rate in the feature as they have________ the past.
Answer:
Food shortages and famines already are too familiar in many places and may increase in frequency and severity f population growth, soil erosion, and nutrient depletion continues at the same rate in the future as they have in the past.
Question 4.
Many countries already have serious water shortages and more than one billion people lack access ________ clean water or adequate sanitation.
Answer:
Many countries already have serious water shortages and more than one billion people lack access to clean water or adequate sanitation.
Question 5.
We produce hundreds_________ millions _________ tons_______ these dangerous materials annually and much ________ it is disposed ______ ______ dangerous and irresponsible ways.
Answer:
We produce hundreds of millions of tons of these dangerous materials annually and much of it is disposed of in dangerous and irresponsible ways.
Question 6.
The incidence_______ life-threatening infections and diseases have been reduced sharply in most countries ________ in the past century, while the average life expectancy has nearly doubled.
Answer:
The incidence of life-threatening infections and diseases has been reduced sharply in most countries during in the past century, while the average life expectancy has nearly doubled.
Section – B
Do you think you felt warmer this summer than last year? What are the possible causes of the progressive increase in temperature during the last few years?
Our Environment Summary in English
We are, at present confronting a lot of environmental problems. Before examining the environmental crisis, a slight analysis of the one we inherited should be made. Imagine that you are an astronaut returning to earth from the Mood of Mars and it would lie a nice experience to have come back to this planet from outer space. Although we are facing certain problems here, we are living unique place quite prolific and profitable. The most astonishing of our planet is the rich diversity of life that exists here. Millions of beautiful and intriguing species populate the earth and help sustain a habitable environment. Organisms like viruses, bacteria, and other tiny forms make-up self-sustaining communities. Dense, moist forests, vast sunny, savannas, and richly colorful coral reefs are here.
Environmental Dilemma:
One of the major environmental dilemmas is the rapid growth of the population. Demographers believe that this unprecedented growth rate will slow in the next century and that the population might eventually drop back below its present size. Others warn that the population will quadruple in a century after its birth rate does not corroborate with the death rate. Food shortages and famines may increase in frequency and severity if population growth soil erosion and nutrient depletion continue at the present rate. The deficit in and contamination of water is another threat. Violent conflicts over control of natural resources may increase if we don’t learn to live within nature’s budget.
Supplies of fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas are diminishing at an early rate. Burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and may bring about sea level rises and catastrophic climate change. Acids formed in the air as a result of fossil fuel combustion already have caused extensive damage to building materials. Chlorinated compounds such as the chlorofluorocarbons used in refrigeration and air-conditioning, also contribute to global warming as well as damage the Stratospheric ozone that protects us from cancer-causing ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. Destruction of tropical forests, coral reefs, wetlands, and other biologically rich landscapes is causing alarming loss of species and a reduction in biological variety.
Toxic air and water pollutants, along with mountains of solid and hazardous wastes, are becoming overwhelming problems in industrialized countries. The health effects of pollution, toxic, wastes, stress, and other environmental ill-of-modem society have become a greater threat than infectious diseases for us in industrialized countries.
Sign Of Hope:
Steps have already been initiated in North America and Europe in reducing air and water pollution. Population in some countries has stabilized. The incidence ofKfe threatening diseases has been reduced sharply increasing life expectancy. In spite of all this much more is to be done for finding a viable solution to the problems. Being aware of the problems we face is the first step towards finding their situations.
Analytical Outlines
- Now a days, we face a lot of environmental problems.
- We should at first, have a slight analysis of our earth.
- Then we have to analyze the environmental crisis.
- Imagine yourself as an astronaut.
- You have just returned to earth from the Moon or Mars.
- It would be a nice experience.
- Although we are feeling certain problems here.
- Of course, our earth is unique.
- It is quite prolific and profitable to live here.
- We find the most astonishing feature of our planet.
- It is the rich diversity, of life that exists here.
- Millions of beautiful and intriguing species populate the earth.
- It helps to sustain a habitable environment.
- The tiny forms make up self-sustaining communities.
- These organisms are viruses, bacteria, etc.
- Our planet has also dense, moist forests.
- It has also vast sunny savannas and richly colorful coral reefs.
- One of the major environmental dilemmas is rapid growthofpopulatioa
- Demographers believe in something.
- They believe in unprecedented growth rates.
- It will slow down in the next century.
- The population might eventually drop back below its present size.
- Others warn about something.
- The population will quadruple a century after.
- Its birth rate does not corroborate with the death rate.
- Food shortages and famines may increase in frequency and severity.
- If population growth, soil erosion, and nutrient depletion continue at the present rate.
- The deficit in water is another threat.
- Contamination of water is the other one.
- It may increase violent conflicts over control of natural resources.
- If we don’t learn to live within nature’s budget.
- The supply of fossil fuels is decreasing at every rate.
- These fuels are oil, coal and natural gas, etc.
- Burning fossil fuels release carbon dioxide.
- It may bring about a rise in the sea level
- It also causes catastrophic climate changes.
- Fossil fuel combustion forms acids.
- It already has caused extensive damage to building materials.
- Chlorinated compounds are chloroform carbons.
- These are used in refrigeration.
- These are also used in air-conditioning.
- These contribute to global warming.
- It also damages the stratospheric ozone.
- This ozone protects us from cancer.
- Because it causes ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.
- Earth is full of biologically rich landscapes.
- These are tropical forests, coral reefs wetlands, etc.
- It causes an alarming loss of species.
- It also causes a reduction in biological variety.
- In industrialized countries the problem is many.
- One problem is toxic air.
- Another one is water pollution.
- Even other hazardous wastes.
- These are becoming overwhelming problems in modem society.
- The environment causes infectious diseases.
- Steps have already been initiated in North America.
- Europe is reducing air and water pollution.
- Population in some countries has been stabilized.
- The incidence of life-threatening diseases has been reduced.
- It sharply increases life expectancy.
- Much more steps are taken to viable solutions to the problems.
- Being aware of the problems is the first step towards finding their solutions.
Meaning Of Difficult Words.
inherited – obtained as a right from the predecessors.
desolate – isolated, lonely, uninherited.
unique – sole, second to none, the kind of thing which has no substitute.
regenerated – produced, created, resulted, etc.
spontaneously – automatically, naturally, moving on its own without any external impulse.
amazing – surprising, astonishing, astounding, wonderful.
diversity – different kinds of variety of many kinds.
savannas – flat and vast expense of grassy land in Africa.
heat absorbing – gases that absorb and soak heat.
global warming – warming or heating of the universe.
catastrophic climate – a climate that causes disaster.
fuel combustion – burning of fuel that gives heat and energy that propels engines.
ecosystem – environmental setup shortened from the ecological system.
stratospheric – stratosphere of the atmosphere. The atmosphere has four layers, 1 – Biosphere, 2 – Toposphere, 3 – Stratosphere, and 4 Ionosphere.
reefs – lines of rocks, sand, or corals just above or below the sea surface.
abundance – plentitude, a lot of affluence.
aesthetic – appreciation of beauty, art, and literature.
ethical – moral, valuable ideas.
survival – existence, living, sustenance
hazardous – dangerous, something, causes danger.
noxious – very harmful, dangerous, repulsive
dumped – heaped, piled, put together
impose – the point at which further development is impossible.
paramount – the most powerful, pivotal, principal
litany – a long list of unpleasant things
stabilized – make stable and static, not to continue
infectious – diseases that spread through infection.
regardless of – with regard or respect to nothing.