Bhagya Unit 1 What is Psychology?
Unit 2 Perceptual Process
Unit 3 Learning
Unit 4 Process of Thinking
Unit 5 Intelligence
FOUNDATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY
FIRST YEAR
Total Marks – 100
Theory – 70 marks
Practical – 30 marks
THEORY
UNIT-I
1. What is Psychology? [8 Periods]
This chapter seeks to help in understanding and appreciating psychology as a discipline, its application, and its relationship with other sciences.
a) Meaning and definition of Psychology
b) Psychology as a science
c) Brief idea about the different approaches to the study of Psychology:
i) Biological, ii) Behaviouristic, iii) Cognitive
d) Psychology and other disciplines (Sociology and Anthropology)
2. Methods used in Psychology [6 Periods]
The objective of this chapter is to familiarize with the methods of studying and understanding behaviour
a) Experimental method
b) Observational Method:
i) Naturalistic Observation, ii) Subjective observation or Introspection
UNIT -II
3. Physiological bases of behavior: [9 Periods]
This chapter focuses on the role of biological factors in the shaping of human behaviour and experience.
a) Structure and function of a neuron
b) Structure and function of the central Nervous system
i) Spinal cord ii) Brain,
c) Autonomic Nervous system
d) Endocrine system
4. Sensory and Perceptual Processes: [10 Periods]
This unit aims at understanding how various sensory stimuli are received, attended to and given meaning.
a) Attention: Determinant and types of attention
b) Perception: Meaning, operational definition, processes involved in perception (Receptive, Selective, Symbolic, and Affective Process)
c) Principles of perceptual organization
d) Role of need, past experience, and cultural factors in perception.
e) Errors in perception: Illusion and Hallucination
UNIT-III
5. Learning [10 Periods]
This chapter focuses on how human beings acquire new behaviuour and how changes in behaviour take place.
a) Meaning and operational definition of learning, Learning as distinguished from maturation and performance.
b) Processes of learning:
i) Trial and Error Learning, ii) Classical conditioning, iii) Operant conditioning, iv) Cognitive Learning: Insightful learning, v) Observational learning
6. Human memory [12 Periods]
This chapter deals with how information is received, stored, retrieved and lost It also explains how memory can be improved.
a) Memory Process:
i) Encoding ii) Storage iii) Retrieval
b) Systems (stages) of memory:
i) Sensory Memory ii) Short Term Memory iii) Long term Memory
c) Measurement of Memory
i) Recall ii) Recognition iii) Saving or Relearning
d) Nature and causes of forgetting
e) Improving Memory: Mnemonics, Methods of Loci, Number and Letter Peg system, Chunking
UNIT – IV
7. Motivation and Emotion [8 Periods]
This chapter deals with why human beings behave as they do. It also deals with how people experience positive and negative events and respond to them.
a) Meaning and Nature of Motivation
b) Types of motives; Biological, Social, and Psychological
c) Meaning and nature of emotion
d) Bodily changes during emotion.
8. Processes of Thinking [10 Periods]
This chapter deals with thinking related processes like reasoning, problem solving, decision making, and creative thinking.
i) Meaning and definition
ii) Stages of cognitive development by Piaget
iii) Problem solving and decision making
iv) Creative Thinking: Nature and stages of creative thinking
UNIT-V
9. Intelligence [7 Periods]
This chapter aims at studying how people differ with respect to intelligence.
a) Meaning and Nature of Intelligence
b) Approaches to understand intelligence (i) Gardner ii) Sternberg iii) J.P. Das
c) Factors influencing intelligence
PRACTICAL
Span of Attention
Optical Illusion (Muller – Lyer Illusion)
Sensory – Motor Learning
Memory for meaningful words and nonsense syllables
Books Recommended:
1. Psychology Part-I, NCERT
2. Bureau’s Higher secondary +2 Psychology Part-I, Published by Odisha State Bureau of Text Book Preparation and Production, Bhubaneswar.
ପ୍ରଥମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ବିଶ୍ଵର କେତେକ ଗୁରୁତ୍ଵପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଗ୍ରଗତି
ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଏକ ନୂତନ ବିଶ୍ଵ ଅଭିମୁଖେ
ତୃତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ୧୯୪୫ ପରବର୍ତୀ ପୃଥିବୀ : କେତେକ ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଘଟଣା ପ୍ରବାହ
ଚତୁର୍ଥ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତର ଐତିହ୍ୟ
ପ୍ରଥମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ: ମୌଳିକ ଅଧୂକାର, ମୌଳିକ କର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟ ଓ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରନୀତି ନିୟାମକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶାବଳୀ
ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ: ମାନବାଧ୍ୟାକାର, ସୂଚନା ଅଧିକାର, ଭାରତର ସୂଚନା ଅଧିକାର ଆଇନ
ତୃତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟତାବାଦ, ଜାତୀୟ ସଂହତି, ଗଣତାନ୍ତ୍ରିକ ମୂଲ୍ୟବୋଧ
ଚତୁର୍ଥ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରସଂଘ : ଗଠନ ଓ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟାବଳୀ
Unit 1 Sociology & Its Relationship
Unit 2 Basic Concepts
Unit 3 Social Institutions
Unit 4 Process, Stratification and Change
Unit 5 Sociology, Methods and Techniques
Unit 1 ସମାଜ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ ଏବଂ ଏହାର ସମ୍ପର୍କ
Unit 2 ମୌଳିକ ସମ୍ପ୍ରତ୍ୟୟ
Unit 3 ସାମାଜିକ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ
Unit 4 ପ୍ରକ୍ରିୟା, ସ୍ତରୀକରଣ ଏବଂ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ
Unit 5 ସମାଜଶାସ୍ତ୍ର, ପଦ୍ଧତି ଏବଂ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ କୌଶଳ
SOCIOLOGY
Paper-I
Introducing Sociology
Unit I Sociology & Its Relationship
Emergence, Meaning, Nature and Scope, Relationship of Sociology with Social Sciences – History, Economics, Anthropology, Psychology, Political Science.
Unit II Basic Concepts
Society – Meaning and Characteristics Individual and Society
Community – Meaning and Characteristics
Association – Meaning & Characteristics,
Social Group – Meaning and Characteristics, Types – Primary, Secondary, In-Group, Out-Group
Culture – Meaning, Characteristics, Types – Material, Non-Material, Importance
Unit III Social Institutions
Family – Meaning, Characteristics, Types, Functions
Kinship – Meaning, Characteristics, Types
Education – Meaning, Importance
Economic – Property, Division of Labour
Unit IV Process, Stratification and Change
Social Processes: Associative – Co-operation, Accommodation Dissociative- Competition, Conflict
Social Stratification – Meaning, Characteristics Bases – Caste, Class, Gender
Social Change – Meaning, Characteristics, Factors – Technological Cultural
Unit V Sociology, Methods and Techniques
Auguste Comte: Law of Three Stages, Emile Durkheim: Suicide, G.S.Ghurey: Caste, M.N. Srinivas: Sanskritisation, Methods: Observation – Meaning and Types, Tools and Techniques: Questionnaire and Schedule – Meaning, Merits and Demerits.
BOOK PRESCRIBED:
1. Bureau’s Higher Secondary (+2) Sociology, Part-I Published by Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation & Production, Bhubaneswar.
2. Sociology, Part-I, NCERT.
Unit 1 Early Societies
Unit 2 Ancient Greece
Unit 3 Changing Traditions
Unit 4
Unit 5
HISTORY
First Year (Paper-I)
History of the World
UNIT-I
UNIT-II
UNIT-III
UNIT-IV
UNIT-V
BOOK PRESCRIBED:
Bureau’s Higher Secondary (+2) History, Published by Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation & Production, Bhubaneswar.
Prose
Unit 1 THE ADVENTURE OF LEARNING
Unit 2 MEN AND WOMEN
Unit 3 MODERN LIVING
Unit 4 FOOD FOR THOUGHT
Poetry
Short Stories
One-Act Plays
Grammar & Usage
Alternative English +2 1st Year
Full Marks: 100, Time: 3 Hours
1. Reading Comprehension.
(a) A prescribed prose piece or extract (10 Marks)
(5 questions including inferential questions are to be answered).
(b) A prescribed poem/extract (10 Marks)
(5 questions including inferential questions and those on poetic devices, figures of speech, mode, tone, style, etc.)
(c) A prescribed story/one-act play or its extract (10 Marks)
(5 questions including Inferential questions and those on literary devices, tone, etc.)
(d) An unseen passage of at least 200 words. (10 Marks)
(5 questions including inferential ones)
2. Reading-related skills.
(a) Guided note-making based on the passage 1(d) (5 Marks)
(b) Cohesive devices (10 Marks)
3. Writing skills
(a) Summarising an unknown passage as given in 1(d) with caption (10 Marks)
(b) Reconstruct a story from a given set of questions/fillers/outlines or completion of a story (10 Marks)
(c) Essay writing
(including brainstorming, organizing, outlining, writing the first draft, and revising) (10 Marks)
4. Grammar and usage (in context) (10 Marks)
(3 questions on the prescribed grammar units)
Books Prescribed: Approaches to English-I, II Published by Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation & Production, Pustak Bhavan Bhubaneswar.
Unit 1 Understanding Political Theory
Unit 2 Basic Concept
Unit 3 Indian Constitution
Unit 4 Constitution at Work-I
Unit 5 Constitution at Work-II
First Year CHSE (2022-2023)
Political Science Paper-I
(Foundation of Politics and Government)
Part A: Political Theory
UNIT I Understanding Political Theory
UNIT II Basic Concepts
Part B: Indian Constitution At Work
UNIT-III (Indian Constitution)
UNIT IV Constitution at Work-I
UNIT IV Constitution at Work-II
BOOK PRESCRIBED:
Bureau’s Higher Secondary (+2) Political Science, Paper-I (English & Odia) Published by Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation & Production, Bhubaneswar.
Unit 1 ତର୍କଶାସ୍ତ୍ରର ପ୍ରକୃତି, ତର୍କଶାସ୍ତ୍ର ଏବଂ ଭାଷା
Unit 2 ତର୍କବାକ୍ୟ
Unit 3 ଆରୋହାନୁମାନର ପ୍ରକୃତି, ସମସ୍ୟା ଓ ପଦ୍ଧତି ଆରୋହାନୁମାନ ଏବଂ ସମ୍ଭାବନା
Unit 4 ଆରୋହାନୁମାନର ଆକାରଗତ ଭିଭି, ଆରୋହାନୁମାନର ବସ୍ତୁଗତ ଭିଭି ଓ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପ
Unit 5 ଭାରତୀୟ ଦର୍ଶନର ବୈଶିଷ୍ଟ୍ୟ, ଜୈନ୍ୟ ଦର୍ଶନ ଓ ବୌଦ୍ଧ ଦର୍ଶନ
Logic
[+2 First Year Arts]
Unit 1
Nature of Logic: Definition of logic, Structure of Argument, Sentence and proposition, truth and validity, sound and unsound arguments, Principles of Logic.
Logic and Language: Used of language, words and terms, Denotation, Corrugation, and Extension.
Unit 2
Propositions: Classification of Propositions, Reduction of Logical form.
Distribution of Terms, Sevenfold relation of Propositions, Square of Opposition of Propositions.
Unit 3
Nature, Problems, and Procedure of Induction: Induction and Deduction, Primary and Secondary Induction, Procedures of Induction, Problem of Induction.
Induction and probable Inference: Scientific Induction, Induction by Simple enuveration, Analogy, Statistical syllogism.
Unit 4
Formal Grounds of Induction: Law of uniformity of Nature, Law of Caudation, Qualitative and Quantitative marks of causatin, Cause, and Condition, Different views of Causation, Plurality of causes, Conjunction of causes, Inter mixture of effects.
National Grounds of Induction: Observation and Experiments.
Hypothesis: What is a Hypothesis? Conditions of legitimate Hypothesis, Proofs of Hypothesis.
Unit 5
Characteristics of Indian Philosophy, Jingoism: Syadavada and Anekantavada.
Buddhism: Four Novel Truths and Dependent Origination.
ସାହିତ୍ୟ ସିନ୍ଧୁ Sahitya Sindhu Class 10 Solutions Pdf | 10th Class Odia Book Question Answer Pdf | 10th Class MIL Question Answer 2022 Pdf
BSE Odisha 10th Class Odia Grammar ବ୍ୟାକରଣ ବିଭାଗ
ପ୍ରଥମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତୀୟ ଜାତୀୟ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନ – ଗାନ୍ଧିଯୁଗ
ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ସ୍ବତନ୍ତ୍ର ଓଡ଼ିଶା ପ୍ରଦେଶ ଗଠନ
ତୃତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ୨୦୦୦ ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟାବ୍ଦ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଭାରତ
ଚତୁର୍ଥ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ସ୍ବାଧୀନତୋତ୍ତର ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ବିକାଶ
ପ୍ରଥମ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତରେ ସ୍ଵାଧୀନତା ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ରାଜ୍ୟ ପୁନର୍ଗଠନ
ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତରେ ଗଣତନ୍ତ୍ର
ତୃତୀୟ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ସଡକ ନିରାପତ୍ତା, ସଚେତନତା ଓ ଇନ୍ଧନ ସଂରକ୍ଷଣ
ଚତୁର୍ଥ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ : ଭାରତର ବୈଦେଶିକ ନୀତି
8th Class Odia Book Question Answer Pdf | Class 8 Odia Book Answers Sahityika ସାହିତ୍ୟିକା