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CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Solutions Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions and Answers.

CHSE Odisha 12th Class Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

Question 1.
What is the other name of Basic Education?
(a) Vocational Education
(b) Professional Education
(c) New Train
(d) New Policy of Education
Answer:
(c) New Train

Question 2.
Which committee designed the curriculum of Basic Education?
(a) Hartog Committee
(b) Jakir Hussain Committee
(c) Basic Education Committee
(d) Mudaliar Committee
Answer:
(b) Jakir Hussain Committee

Question 3.
When did Gandhiji take birth?
(a) 2nd. October 1863
(b) 2nd. October 1869
(c) 9th. October 1937
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) 2nd. October 1869

Question 4.
In which year Wardha Education Conference was held?
(a) August 15,1947.
(b) October 22, 23, 1937
(c) January 30,1869
(d) 9, October, 1877
Answer:
(b) October 22, 23,1937

Question 5.
Who is the propounder of Class less Society in Odisha?
(a) Pandit Nilakantha Das
(b) RadhanathRay
(c) Madhusudan Das
(d) Gopabandhu Das
Answer:
(a) Pandit Nilakantha Das

Question 6.
Who established Satyabadi Vana Vidyalaya?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) Tagore
(d) Aurovindo
Answer:
(b) Gopabandhu

Question 7.
Where was Van Vidyalaya situated?
(a) Puri
(b) Satyabadi
(c) Dhenkanal
(d) Pipili
Answer:
(a) Puri

Question 8.
Who was the propounder of Basic Education?
(a) R. N. Tagore
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Sri Aurovindo
(d) Gopabandhu
Answer:
(b) Mahatma Gandhi

Question 9.
Where did the Basic Education Training Centre opened in Odisha?
(a) Cuttack
(b) Angul
(c) Puri
(d) Dhenkanal
Answer:
(b) Angul

Question 10.
Satyabadi School how many students were enrolled first?
(a) 25
(b) 19
(c) 23
(d) 24
Answer:
(b) 19

Question 11.
Education is the ‘Reconstruction of Experience’ whose definition is this?
(a) James Ross
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) John Dewey
(d) Kingsley
Answer:
(c) John Dewey

Question 12.
Who is the propounder of‘Tri-polar Process of Education?
(a) John Adams
(b) John Rousseau
(c) John Dewey
(d) Gurukala Ashram
Answer:
(c) John Dewey

Question 13.
Who is the writer of the book ‘Emile’?
(a) John Dewey
(b) John Rousseau
(c) Gandhi
(d) Gopabandhu
Answer:
(b) John Rousseau

Question 14.
Who is the Editor of the Newspaper ‘The Samaja’?
(a) Gopabandhu
(b) Gandhi
(c) Radhanath Ratha
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Gopabandhu

Question 15.
‘Harijan Patrika’ is written by?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) John Dewey
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Gandhi

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

Question 16.
In which year Basic Education Schools were opened in Rural areas?
(a) 1945
(b) 1937
(c) 1936
(d) 1947
Answer:
(a) 1945

Question 17.
When Basic Education was created?
(a) 1945
(b) 1937
(c) 1947
(d) 1950
Answer:
(b) 1937

Question 18.
The age range of Basic Education is?
(a) 6 – 14
(b) 7 – 14
(c) 6 – 15
(d) 5 – 14
Answer:
(b) 7 – 14

Question 19.
Who is the propounder of Craft Education?
(a) M. K. Gandhi
(b) R. N. Tagore
(c) Gopabandhu
(d) Rousseau
Answer:
(a) M. K. Gandhi

Question 20.
Which of the following leaders first attempted for legislation of Compulsory Primary Education in India?
(a) Gandhi
(b) G. K. Gokhale
(c) Aurovindo
(d) Gopbandhu
Answer:
(b) G K. Gokhale

Question 21.
Who is the propounder of ‘Integral Education’?
(a) Aurovinda
(b) R. N. Taogre
(c) John Rousseau
(d) Gandhi
Answer:
(a) Aurovindo

Question 22.
Education is the harmonious development of individual’s personality- man and child, with mind, body and spirit – Who told this?
(a) Gopbandhu
(b) Gandhi
(c) Aurovindo
(d) Rousseau
Answer:
(b) Gandhi

Question 23.
Who is the champion of Nationalism?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Rousseau
(c) Tagore
(d) John Dewey
Answer:
(b) Rousseau

Question 24.
In which year Satyabadi Vana Vidyalaya became a National School?
(a) 1909
(b) 1921
(c) 1915
(d) 1929
Answer:
(b) 1921

Question 25.
Who is the pioneer of Nationalism?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Rousseau
(c) Gopabandhu
(d) Aurovindo
Answer:
(b) Rousseau

Question 26.
Which of the following two educators believed in open air schooling?
(a) Gandhi and Rabindranath
(b) Gopabandhu and Gandhi
(c) Aurovindo and Gopabandhu
(d) Rabindranath and Gopabandhu
Answer:
(b) Gopabandhu and Gandhi

Question 27.
Who emphasized mother tongue as the medium of instruction?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Gopbandhu
(c) Both Gandhi and Gopabandhu
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Both Gandhi and Gopabandhu

Question 28.
Where did Gopabandhu take birth?
(a) Suando
(b) Satyabadi
(c) Sakhigopal
(d) Saptasati
Answer:
(a) Suando

Question 29.
Who is the propounder of‘Craft Education’?
(a) M. K. Gandhi
(b) Rousseau
(c) Gopabandhu
(d) R. N. Tagore
Answer:
(a) M. K. Gandhi

Question 30.
What is taught in the class is real education – Who told this?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) Tagore
(d) Rousseau
Answer:
(b) Gopabandhu

Question 31.
In which year did Gopabandhu start the experiment on open air schooling?
(a) 2nd October 1909
(b) 12th August 1909
(c) 15th August 1909
(d) 26th August 1909
Answer:
(b) 12th August 1909

Question 32.
In which magazine Basic Education Curriculum was published?
(a) TheSamaja
(b) TheHarijana
(c) TheDharitii
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) The Harijana

Question 33.
Which aspect was neglected in Basic Education?
(a) Craftwork
(b) Creativity
(c) Aesthetic
(d) Writing
Answer:
(b) Creativity

Question 34.
Which is not normally a mass media of Education?
(a) Magazine
(b) Newspaper
(c) Computer
(d) Television
Answer:
(c) Computer

Question 35.
Who employed activity centered curriculum?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) John Dewey
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Gandhi

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

Question 36.
Who introduced ‘Correlation Teaching Methods’ in his curriculum?
(a) John Dewey
(b) John Rousseau
(c) Gandhiji
(d) Gopabandhu
Answer:
(c) Gandhiji

Question 37.
Who prepared the curriculum for Basic Education?
(a) G. K. Gokhale
(b) Dr. Jakir Hussain
(c) S. Radhakrishnan
(d) Utkalmani
Answer:
(b) Dr. Jakir Hussain

Question 38.
Whose philosophical thought is related to Naturalism and Negative Education?
(a) Gandhi
(b) John Dewey
(c) Rousseau
(d) Tagore
Answer:
(c) Rousseau

Question 39.
Gopbandhu died on?
(a) 17 June 1928
(b) 27 June 1928
(c) 7 June 1928
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) 17 June 1928

Question 40.
Inexpensive education is introduced by?
(a) John Rousseau
(b) Gopbandhu
(c) John Dewey
(d) Gandhi
Answer:
(b) Gopbandhu

Question 41.
What is the present structure of education in India?
(a) 10+3+2
(b) 10+2+3
(c) 11+2+2
(d) 10+3+3
Answer:
(b) 10+2+3

Question 42.
On which aspect Gandhi, Gopabandhu and Tagore emphasized?
(a) SUPW
(b) Craft Education
(c) Mother tongue as instruction
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Mother tongue as instruction

Question 43.
Who considered school as ‘Man made industry’?
(a) John Dewey
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) Gandhi
(d) Tagore
Answer:
(b) Gopabandhu

Question 44.
Who introduced both activity method and play method?
(a) Aurovindo
(b) Rousseau
(c) John Dewey
(d) Gandhi
Answer:
(b) Rousseau

Question 45.
Who Introduced ‘Self Education?
(a) Rousseau
(b) Gopabandhu
(c) Aurovindo
(d) Gandhi
Answer:
(a) Rousseau

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

Very Short-Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What did Gopabandhu consider the school?
Answer:
‘Man made industry’.

Question 2.
Who is the propounder of ‘Nature Endowment Theory’?
Answer:
Jean Jacues Rousseau.

Question 3.
What was the main aim of Satyabadi School?
Answer:
Nationalism and against social evils.

Question 4.
When Basic Education Conference was held at Wardha?
Answer:
In 1937, October 22nd and 23rd.

Question 5.
What was the philosophical foundation of Gandhi?
Answer:
Truth and Non-violence.

Question 6.
Which education system was in-expensive education?
Answer:
Open Air Schooling.

Question 7.
What was Rousseau’s method of teaching?
Answer:
Activity method and play method.

Question 8.
What is Education to Gandhi?
Answer:
To Gandhi, ‘Education is an all round drawing out of the best in child and man with mind body and spirit ’.

Question 9.
Name the propounder of Religious and Negative Education.
Answer:
RousseaRousseakuk.

Question 10.
What is ‘Nai Talim’ ?
Answer:
Nai Talim is the another name of Basic Education.

Question 11.
What is Auro Ville?
Answer:
Auro ville mean “Aurovindran Learning Centre”.

Question 12.
Mention aims of Satyabadi System of Education.
Answer:
To inculcate nationalism, patriotism and eradicate social evils.

Question 13.
Who is contemporary to Tagore in Odisha?
Answer:
Gopbandhu.

Question 14.
Wardha scheme, what it means?
Answer:
The All IndiaNational Education Conference convened at Wardha on 22nd and 23rd October, 1937, and the scheme is known as “Wardha Scheme”.

Question 15.
‘Education is the reconstruction of experience’ who told this?
Answer:
John Dewey.

Question 16.
Give the educational philosophy of Gopabandhu.
Answer:
“Education is the building of the hearts of the people”, is the educational philosophy of Gopabandhu.

Question 17.
What do you mean by “Open Air Schooling”?
Answer:
Open Air Schooling means teaching activity done under the sky in the surroundings of natural environment.

Question 18.
Give one similarity of Basic Education and Open Air Schooling.
Answer:
“Renaissance” is the common idealism of both Basic Education and Open Air Schooling.

BSE Odisha

Question 19.
In Satyabadi School how many students enrolled first?
Answer:
19 students

Question 20.
Where in which year Aurobindo was born?
Answer:
Sri Aurobindo was born on August 15, 1872, in Calcutta.

Question 21.
What was the name of Education of Sri Aurobindo?
Answer:
Integral Education.

Question 22.
What was the idea of Aurovindo regarding the Teacher?
Answer:
According to Sri Aurovindo the teacher must be a friend, philosopher and guide to pupils.

Question 23.
What is the other name of “Auroville”?
Answer:
‘The City of Dawn”.

Question 24.
What was the first name of‘The Mother”?
Answer:
The first name of the Mother” was Meera, the daughter of Roul Richard, France.

Question 25.
What is Satyabadi System of Education?
Answer:
Satyabadi System of Education is a serious experiment in Open Air Teaching of Gopabandhu.

Question 26.
What do you mean by ‘Basic Education?
Answer:
Education which linked with the Basic needs of life like food, clothing and shelter is known as Basic Education.

Fill in the Blanks with Appropriate Words

1. The other name of Basic Education Is ________
Answer: Nai-Talim

2. _______ propounded craft centered education in India.
Answer: M. K. Gandhi

3. ______ number of students enrolled first in Satyabadi School?
Answer: 19

4. _______ propounded religious and negative education.
Answer: Rousseau.

5. _______ is the contemporary educator to Tagore?
Answer: Gopabandhu.

6. Nature Experiment Theory was propounded by ________.
Answer: Jean Jacques Rousseau.

7. _______ is the propounder of Naturalism.
Answer: Rousseau.

8. The propounder of Craft Centred Education is __________.
Answer: M. K. Gandhi.

9. “Classless Society Education” in Odisha is introduced by _________?
Answer: Pandit Nilakantha Das

10. The write of “emile” is ________
Answer: Rousseau.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Foundations of Education Unit 1 Contribution of Educators Objective Questions

11. Basic Education curriculum published in the magazine ________.
Answer: The Harijan.

12. In ________ year Satyabadi School become a National School.
Answer: 1921.

13. “Education is the reconstruction of Experience” is the definition of ______ .
Answer: John Dewey.

14. “Auroville” is so named by ______ in ______ year.
Answer: “The Mother” in 1950.

15. ________ was the philosophical foundation of Gandhi?
Answer: Truth and Non-violence.

16. ________ Education system was in-expensive.
Answer: Satyabadi.

Question 17. The teaching in School is real education told by________.
Answer: Gopabandhu.

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BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Algebra Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମୀକରଣ Ex 1(a)

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Algebra Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମୀକରଣ Ex 1(a) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 Maths Solutions Algebra Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମୀକରଣ Ex 1(a)

Question 1.
ବନ୍ଧନୀ ମଧ୍ଯରୁ ଠିକ୍ ଉତ୍ତରଟି ବାଛି ଶୂନ୍ୟସ୍ଥାନ ପୂରଣ କର ।
(i) x + y = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ ___________ । [(4, 5), (5, 5), (- 4, 4), (-4, 5)]
(ii) x – 2y = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ ___________ । [(4, 2), (- 4, 2), (4, – 2), (- 4, – 2)]
(iii) 2x + y + 2 = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ ___________ । [(0, 2), (2, 0), (- 2, 0), (0, – 2)]
(iv) x – 4y + 1 = 0 ହେଲେ x = ______ । [4y-1, 4y+1,-4y + 1, -4y – 1]
(v) 2x-y+2 = 0 ହେଲେ y = ______ । [2x – 2, 2x + 2, 2x – 2, – 2x – 2]
(vi) x-2y + 3 = 0 ହେଲେ y = ______ । [½(x + 3), – ½(x – 3), – ½(-x + 3), – ½(x + 3)]
ଜ –
(i) (- 4, 4), (ii) (4, 2), (iii) (0, – 2), (iv) 4y – 1, (v) 2x + 2, (vi) 1⁄2 (x + 3)
ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା ସହ ଉତ୍ତର :
(i) x + y = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ (- 4, 4) । (କାରଣ -x = y)

(ii) x – 2y = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ (4, 2) ଓ (- 4, -2) (କାରଣ x = 2y)

(iii) 2x + y + 2 = 0 ସମୀକରଣର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ (0, -2) (କାରଣ 2x = -(y+2))

(iv) x – 4y + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = 4y – 1

(v) 2x – y + 2 = 0 ⇒ 2x +2 = y ⇒ y = 2x + 2

(vi) x-2y+3 = 0 ⇒ x + 3 = 2y ⇒ y = ½(x +3)

Question 2.
ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦତ୍ତ ସହସମୀକରଣ ଯୋଡ଼ିରୁ କେଉଁ ସମୀକରଣ ଯୋଡ଼ି କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ
(i) ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ
(ii) ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ଏବଂ
(iii) ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ନୁହେଁ ?
(i) x + y + 1 = 0, x – y + 1 = 0
(ii) x + y + 1 = 0, 2x + 2y + 2 = 0
(iii) x + y + 1 = 0, x + y + 3 = 0
(iv) 2x – y + 3 = 0, – 4x + 2y – 6=0
(v) 2x – y + 3 = 0, 2x + y -3 = 0
(vi) 2x – y+3 = 0, – 6x + 3y+5=0
ସମାଧାନ :
a1x+by+ c2 = 0 ଏବଂ a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 ସମୀକରେ
(i) ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ, ଯଦି \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\) ହେବ
(ii) ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ, ଯଦି \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେବ ଏବଂ
(iii) ସମାଧାନ ଅସମ୍ଭବ, ଯଦି \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2} \neq \frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେବ ।

(i) ସହସମୀକରଣହଊ (a) x + y + 1 = 0 ଏଠାରେ a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = 1
(b) x – y + 1 = 0 ଏବଂ a2 = 1, b2 = – 1, c2 = 1
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{1}{1}=1\), \(\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
ଏଠାରେ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\) ହେତୁ ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିବ ।

(ii) ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ x + y + 1 = 0 ଓ 2x + 2y + 2 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = 1 ଏବଂ a2 = 2, b2 = 2, c2 = 2
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେତୁ ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ।

(iii) ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ x + y + 1 = 0 ଓ x + y + 3 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = 1 ଏବଂ a2 = 1, b2 = 1, c2 = 3
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2} \neq \frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେତୁ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ନୁହେଁ ।

(iv) 2x – y + 3 = 0 ଓ – 4x + 2y – 6 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 2, b1 = -1, c1 = 3; a2 = -4, b2 = 2, c2 = -6
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେତୁ ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିବ ।

(v) 2x – y + 3 = 0, 2x + y – 3 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 2, b1 = -1, c1 = 3; a2 = 2, b2 = 1, c2 = -3
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\) ହେତୁ ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ।

(vi) 2x – y + 3 = 0, -6x + 3y + 5 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 2, b1 = -1, c1 = 3; a2 = -6, b2 = 3, c2 = 5
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2} \neq \frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହେତୁ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ନୁହେଁ ।

Question 3.
ନିମ୍ନଲିଖୂତ ସମୀକରଣଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ଅଙ୍କନ ପାଇଁ ଯେକୌଣସି ତିନିଗୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ ନିରୂପଣ କର ।
(i) x – y = 0
(ii) x + y = 0
(iii) x – 2y = 0
(iv) x + 2y – 4 = 0
(v) x – 2y – 4 = 0
(vi) 2x – y + 4 = 0
ସମାଧାନ : ଏକଘାତୀ ଦୁଇ ଅଜ୍ଞାତ ରାଶିବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସମୀକରଣର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ଥାଏ ।
(i) x – y = 0
⇒ x = y ⇒ y = x

x 1 -2 3
y 1 -2 3

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ yର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (1, 1), (- 2, · 2) ଏବଂ (3, 3) ।

(ii) x + y = 0
⇒ y = -x

x -1 2 -3
y 1 -2 3

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ yର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (- 1, 1), (2, − 2) ଏବଂ (-3, 3) ।

(iii) x – 2y = 0 ⇒ x = 2y
⇒ y = \(\frac{1}{2}\)x

x 2 -2 4
y 1 -1 2

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ ଦୂର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (2, 1), (- 2, – 1) ଏବଂ (4, 2) ।

(iv) x + 2y – 4 = 0 ⇒ 2y = 4 – x
⇒ y = \(\frac{1}{2}\)(4 – x)

x 0 4 2
y 2 0 1

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ yର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, 2), (4, 0) ଏବଂ (2, 1) ।

(v) x – 2y – 4 = 0 ⇒ x – 4 = 2y
⇒ y = \(\frac{1}{2}\) (x – 4)

x 0 4 2
y -2 0 -1

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ yର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (0, -2), (4, 0) ଏବଂ (2, -1) ।

(vi) 2x – y + 4 = 0 ⇒ 2x + 4 = y
⇒ y = 2x + 4

x -2 0 1
y 0 4 6

‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନପାଇଁ yର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସାରଣୀରେ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରାଯାଇଛି ।
∴ ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ପାଇଁ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁର ସ୍ଥାନାଙ୍କ (-2, 0), (0, 4) ଏବଂ (1, 6) ।

Question 4.
ନିମ୍ନଲିଖୂତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ଉତ୍ତର ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ।
(i) kx + my + 4 = 0 ଓ 2x + y + 1 = 0 ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ଅସଙ୍ଗତ ହେଲେ k : m କେତେ ?
(ii) 2x + 3y – 5 = 0 ଓ 7x – 6y – 1 = 0 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ସମାଧାନ (1, ß) ହେଲେ ßର ମୂଲ୍ୟ କେତେ ?
(ii) ‘t’ ର କେଉଁ ମାନ ପାଇଁ (1, 1), ସମୀକରଣ 3x + ty – 6 = 0 ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ସମାଧାନ ହେବ ?
(iv) ‘t’ ର କେଉଁ ମାନ ପାଇଁ (1, 1), tx – 2y – 10 = 0 ର ଅନ୍ୟତମ ସମାଧାନ ହେବ ?
(v) ‘t’ର କେଉଁ ମାନ ପାଇଁ tx + 2y = 0 ଓ 3x + ty = 0 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ?
(vi) ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 6x – 3y + 10 = 0 ଓ 2x – y + 9 = 0 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅସମ୍ଭବ।
(vi) ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 2x + 5y = 17 ଏବଂ 5x + 3y = 14 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ସଙ୍ଗୀତ ଓ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର ।
(viii) ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 3x – 5y – 10 = 0 ଏବଂ 6x – 10y = 20 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିଛି ।
ସମାଧାନ :
(i) kx + my + 4 = 0 ଏବଂ 2x + y + 1 = 0
ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟରେ a1 = k, b1 = m, c1 = 4 ଏବଂ a2 = 2, b2 = 1, c1 = 1
ଏଠାରେ ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟ ଅସଙ୍ଗତ ହେବାର ସର୍ଭ,
\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2} \neq \frac{c_1}{c_2}\)
∴ ନିଶ୍ଚେୟ ଅନୁପାତ k:m = 2:1

(ii) 2x + 3y – 5 = 0 8 7x – 6y – 1 = 0 APANIMNAGAR AFIUIA (1, ß)
ଏଠାରେ ‘x’ର ମାନ 1 ଓ yର ମାନ ‘B’ ପାଇଁ ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହେବ ।
.. 2(1) + 3(B) −5 = 0 ⇒ 2 + 3ß – 5 = 0
⇒3ß – 3 = 0 ⇒ ß \(\frac{3}{3}\) = 1⇒ ß = 1
∴ ß ର ମୂଲ୍ୟ 1 ପାଇଁ ସହସମୀକରଣର ସମାଧାନ (1, ß) ହେବ ।

(iii) ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣ 3x + ty – 6 = 0 ର ଏକ ସମାଧାନ (1, 1) ହେଲେ
x = 1 ଓ y = 1 ପାଇଁ ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହେବ ।
∴ 3(1) + t (1) – 6 = 0 ⇒ 3 + t – 6 = 0 ⇒ t – 3 = 0 ⇒ t = 3
∴ ର ମୂଲ୍ୟ 3 ପାଇଁ (1, 1), ସମୀକରଣ 3x + ty – 6 = )ର ଏକ ସମାଧାନ ହେବ ।

(iv) ଦର ସମୀକରଣ tx – 2y – 10 = 0 ର ସମାଧାନ (1,1) ହେଲେ,
x = 1 ଓ y = 1 ପାଇଁ ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହେବ ।
∴ t(1) – 2(1) – 10 = 0 ⇒ t – 2 – 10 = 0 ⇒ t – 12 = 0 ⇒ t = 12
∴ t ର ମାନ 12 ପାଇଁ (1, 1), ଦତ୍ତ ସମୀକରଣର ଏକ ସମାଧାନ ହେବ ।

(v) tx + 2y = 0 ଓ 3x + ty = 0
ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ହେବାର ସର୍ଭ
\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{t}{3}=\frac{2}{t}\) ⇒ t² = 6 ⇒ t = ±√6
∴ t ର ମାନ ±√6 ପାଇଁ ସହସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ମାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ।

(vi)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 1

(vii) 2x + 5y = 17 ⇒ 2x + 5y – 17 = 0….. ..(1)
5x + 3y = 14 ⇒ 5x + 3y – 14 = 0………(2)
ସମୀକରଣ (1) ଓ (2) ରୁ a1 = 2, b1 = 5, c1 = – 17 ଓ a2 = 5, b2 = 3, c2 = – 14
∴ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{2}{5}\), \(\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{5}{3}\), \(\frac{c_1}{c_2}=\frac{-17}{-14}=\frac{17}{14}\)
ଏଠାରେ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ କର ଯେ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
∴ ସହସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟ ସଙ୍ଗତ ଓ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର

(viii) 3x – 5y – 10 = 0;
6x – 10y = 20 ⇒ 6x – 10y – 20 = 0
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 2

Question 5.
ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ଅଙ୍କନ କରି ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟର ସମାଧାନ କର ।
(i) x + y – 4 = 0 ଓ x − y = 0
(i) x − y = 0 ଓ x + y – 2 = 0
(iii) x + y = 0 ଓ – x + Y – 2 = 0
(iv) 2x + y − 3 = 0 6 x + y − 2 = 0
(v) 3x + y + 2 = 0 ଓ 2x + y + 1 = 0
(vi) x + 2y + 3 = 0 ଓ 2x + y + 3 = 0
(vii) 2x + y = 6 = 0 ଓ 2x − y + 2 = 0
(viii)x + y − 1 = 0 ଓ 2x + y − 8 = 0
(ix) 3x + y – 11 = 0 ଓ x – y – 1 = 0
(x) 2x – 3y – 5 = 0 ଓ – 4x + 6y – 3 = 0
(xi) 2x + y + 2 = 0 ଓ 4x – y – 8 = 0
(xii) 3x + 4y – 7 = 0 ଓ 5x + 2y – 7 = 0
ସମାଧାନ :
(i) ଦୁଇ ଅଜ୍ଞାତ ରାଶିବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ଏକଘାତୀ ସମୀକରଣରେ y ର ମାନକୁ x ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ପ୍ରକାଶ କର ।
(ii) ‘x’ର ଏକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ମାନକୁ ନେଇ ‘y’ର ଆନୁସଙ୍ଗିକ ମାନ ସ୍ଥିର କର । ଅତି କମ୍‌ରେ ତିନିଯୋଡା ମାନ ସ୍ଥିର କରିବାକୁ ହେବ ।
(iii) ପରବର୍ତୀ ସମୟରେ ତିନିଯୋଡା ମାନକୁ ନେଇ R² ସମତଳରେ ତିନୋଟି ବିନ୍ଦୁ ସ୍ଥାପନ କର ।
(iv) ଏକ ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର (ସରଳରେଖା) ଅଙ୍କନ କର ।
(i)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 3
(ii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 4
(iii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 5
(iv)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 6
(v)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 7
(vi)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 8
(vii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 9
(viii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 10
(ix)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 11
(x)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 12
(xi)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 13

(xii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 14

Question 6.
(i) ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 2x – 2y = 2 ଏବଂ 4x – 4y – 8 = 0 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅସମ୍ଭଵ ।
(ii) ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 2x – 3y = 1 ଏବଂ 3x-4y = 1 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଏକ ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ଅଛି ।
(iii) ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଦର୍ଶାଅ ଯେ, 9x + 3y + 12 = 0 18x + 6y+ 24 = 0 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଏକ ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ଅଛି ।
(iv) ଲେଖଚିତ୍ର ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ 2x – y = 1 ଏବଂ x + 2y = 8 ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକର y-ଛେଦଂଶ ନିରୂପଣ କର ।
ସମାଧାନ :
(i)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 15
(ii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 16
(iii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 17
(iv)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 18

Question 7.
ନିମ୍ନରେ ପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ହେଲେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ k ର ମାନ ସ୍ଥିର କର ।
(i) x – 2y – 3 = 0, 3x + ky – 1 = 0
(ii) kx – y – 2 = 0, 6x + 2y – 3 = 0
(iii) kx + 3y + 8 = 0, 12x + 5y – 2 = 0
(iv) kx + 2y = 5, 3x + y = 1
(v) x – ky = 2, 3x + 2y + 5 = 0
(vi) 4x – ky = 5, 2x – 3y = 12
ସମାଧାନ :
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ଓ a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
(i) ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ x – 2y – 3 = 0 ଓ 3x + ky – 1 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 1, b1 = – 2, c1 = -3 ଓ a2 = 3, b2 = k, c2 = – 1
ଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{1}{3} \neq \frac{-2}{k}\) ⇒ k ≠ -6
k ≠ -6 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

(ii) ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ବୟ kx – y – 2 = 0 ଓ 6x + 2y – 3 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = k, b1 = -1, c1 = -2 ଓ a2 = 6, b2 = 2, c2 = -3
ଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{k}{6} \neq \frac{-1}{2}\) ⇒ k ≠ \(\frac{-6}{2}\) k ≠ -3
k ≠ -3 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

(iii) kx + 3y + 8 = 0 ଓ 12x + 5y – 2 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = k, b1 = 3, c1 = 8 ଓ a2 = 12, b2 = 5, c2 = – 2
ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ
⇒ \(\frac{k}{12} \neq \frac{3}{5}\) ⇒ k ≠ \(\frac{36}{5}\)
k ≠ \(\frac{36}{5}\) ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

(iv) kx + 2y = 5 ⇒ kx + 2y – 5 = 0
3x + y = 1 ⇒ 3x + y – 1 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = k, b1 = 2, c1 = -5 ଓ a2 = 3, b2 = 1, c2 = – 1
ଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{k}{3} \neq \frac{2}{1}\) ⇒ k ≠ 6
k ≠ 6 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

(v) x – ky = 2 ⇒ x – ky – 2 = 0
3x + 2y + 5 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 1, b1 = -k, c1 = -2 ଓ a2 = 3, b2 = 2, c2 = 5
ଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{1}{3} \neq \frac{-k}{2}\) ⇒ -k ≠ \(\frac{2}{3}\) ⇒ k ≠ \(– \frac{2}{3}\)
k ≠ \(– \frac{2}{3}\) ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

(vi) 4x – ky = 5 ⇒ 4x – ky – 5 = 0
2x – 3y = 12 ⇒ 2x – 3y – 12 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 4, b1 = -k, c1 = -5 ଓ a2 = 2, b2 = -3, c2 = -12
ଦତ୍ତ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅନନ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}\)
\(\frac{4}{2} \neq \frac{-k}{-3}\) ⇒ -k ≠ -6 ⇒ k ≠ 6
k ≠ 6 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ବୟର ସମାଧାନ ଅନନ୍ୟ ହେବ ।

Question 8.
ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦତ୍ତ ସହସମୀକରଣ ଦ୍ଵୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିଲେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ k ର ମାନ ସ୍ଥିର କର ।
(i) 7x – y – 5 = 0, 21x – 3y – k = 0
(ii) 8x + 5y – 9 = 0, kx + 10y – 18 = 0
(iii) kx – 2y + 6 = 0, 4x – 3y + 9 = 0
(iv) 2x + 3y = 5, 6x + ky = 15
(v) 5x + 2y = k, 10x + 4y = 3
(vi) kx – 2y – 6 = 0, 4x + 3y + 9 = 0
ସମାଧାନ :
ଯଦି \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\) ହୁଏ, ତେବେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ଓ a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 ର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ସମ୍ଭବ ।
(i) ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ 7x – y – 5 = 0; ଏବଂ 21x – 3y – k = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 7, b1 = -1, c1 = -5 ଓ a2 = 21, b2 = -3, c2 = -k
ଦତ୍ତ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{7}{21}=\frac{-1}{-3}=\frac{-5}{-k}\) ⇒ \(\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{k}\) ⇒ k = 15
∴ k ର ମାନ 15 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିବ ।

(ii) ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ 8x + 5y – 9 = 0; ଓ kx + 10y – 18 = 0
ଏଠାରେ a1 = 8, b1 = 5, c1 = -9; ଓ a2 = k, b2 = 10, c2 =- 18
ଦତ୍ତ ସର୍ତ୍ତ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{8}{k}=\frac{5}{10}=\frac{-9}{-18}\) ⇒ \(\frac{8}{k}=\frac{1}{2}\) ⇒ k = 16
∴ k ର ମାନ 16 ହେଲେ ସହ-ସମୀକରଣଦ୍ୱୟର ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସମାଧାନ ରହିବ ।

(iii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 19
(iv)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 20
(v)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 21
(vi)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 22

Question 9.
k ର କେଉଁ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ନିମ୍ନରେ ଦତ୍ତ ସହସମୀକରଣଦ୍ଵୟ ଅସଙ୍ଗତ ହେବେ ?
(i) 8x + 5y – 9 = 0, kx + 10y – 15 = 0
(ii) kx – 5y – 2 = 0, 6x + 2y – 7 = 0
(iii) kx + 2y – 3 = 0, 5x + 5y – 7 =
(iv) kx – y – 2 = 0, 6x – 2y – 3 = 0
(v) x + 2y – 5 = 0, 8x + ky – 10 = 0
(vi) 3x – 4y + 7 = 0, kx + 3y – 5 = 0
ସମାଧାନ :
ଏବଂ a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ଓ a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
(i)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 23
(ii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 24
(iii)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 25
(iv)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 26
(v)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 27
(vi)
BSE Odisha 10th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 1 ସରଳ ସହସମାକରଣ Ex 1.1 - 28

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a)

Odisha State Board Elements of Mathematics Class 12 CHSE Odisha Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Exercise 1(a)

Question 1.
If A = {a,b,c,d} mention the type of relations on A given below, which of them are equivalence relations?
(i) {(a, a), (b, b)}
(ii) {(a, a), (b, b), (c, c), (d, d)}
(iii) {(a, b), (b, a), (b, d), (d, b)}
(iv) {(b, c), (b, d), (c, d)}
(v) {(a, a), (b, b), (c, c), (d, d), (a, d), (a, c), (d, a), (c, a), (c, d), (d, c)}
Solution:
(i) Symmetric and transitive but not reflexive.
(ii) Reflexive, symmetric as well as transitive. Hence it is an equivalence relation.
(iii) Only symmetric
(iv) Only transitive
(v) Reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Hence it is an equivalence relation.

Question 2.
Write the following relations in tabular form and determine their type.
(i) R = {(x, y) : 2x – y = 0] on A = {1,2,3,…, 13}
(ii) R = {(x, y) : x divides y} on A = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
(iii) R = {(x, y) : x divides 2 – y} on A = {1,2,3,4,5}
(iv) R = {(x, y) : y ≤, x ≤, 4} on A = {1,2,3,4,5}.
Solution:
(i) R = {(x, y) : 2x- y = 0} on A
= {(x, y) : y = 2x} on A
= {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (5, 10), (6, 12)}
R is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.

(ii) R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1,5), (1, 6), (2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 3), (3, 6), (4, 4), (5,5), (6, 6)}
R is reflexive transitive but not symmetric.

(iii) R = {(x, y) : x divides 2 – y} on A
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
= {(x, y) : 2-y is a multiple of x}
= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 2), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 5), (4, 2), (5, 2)}
R is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.

(iv) R = {(x, y) : y ≤ x ≤ 4} on A
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
= {(1, 1), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4)}
R is neither reflexive nor symmetric but transitive.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a)

Question 3.
Test whether the following relations are reflexive, symmetric or transitive on the sets specified.
(i) R = {(m,n) : m-n ≥ 7} on Z.
(ii) R = {(m,n) : 2|(m+n)} on Z.
(iii) R = {(m,n) : m+n is not divisible by 3} Z.
(iv) R = {(m,n) : is a power of 5} on Z – {0}.
(v) R = {(m,n) : mn is divisible by 2} on Z.
(vi) R = {(m,n) : 3 divides m-n} on {1,2,3…,10}.
Solution:
(i) R = {{m, n) : m- n ≥ 7} on Z
Reflexive:
∀ m ∈ Z, m – m = 0 < 7
⇒ (m, m) ∉ R
Thus, R is not reflexive.
Symmetry:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
⇒ m – n ≥ 7
⇒ n – m < 7
∴ (n, m) ∉ R
⇒ R is not symmetric.
Transitive:
Let (m, n), (n, p) ∈ R
m – n ≥ 7
and n – p > 7
⇒ m – p ≥ 7
⇒ (m, p) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.

(ii) R = {(m, n) : 2 | (m + n)} on Z
Reflexive:
∀ m ∈ Z, m + m = 2m
which is divisible by 2.
⇒ 2 | (m + m)
⇒ (m, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive.
Symmetry:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
⇒ 2 | (m + n)
⇒ 2 | (n + m)
(n, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric.
Transitive:
Let (m, n), (n, p), ∈ R
⇒ 2 | (m + n) and 2 | (n + p)
⇒ m + n = 2k1
⇒ n + p = 2k2
⇒ m + 2n + p = 2k1 + 2k2
⇒ m + p = 2(k1 + k2 – 1)
⇒ 2 | (m + p)
⇒ (m, p) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.
Thus, R is an equivalence relative.

(iii) R = {(m, n) : m + n is not divisible by 3} on Z
Reflexive:
As 3 + 3 is divisible by 3
we have (3, 3) ∉ R
⇒ R is not reflexive.
Symmetric:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
⇒ m + n is not divisible by 3
⇒ n + m is not divisible by 3
⇒ (n, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric.
Transitive:
(3, 1), (1, 6) ∈ R
But (3, 6) ∉ R
⇒ R is not transitive.

(iv) R = {(m, n) : \(\frac{m}{n}\) is a power of 5} on Z – {0}
Reflexive:
∀ m ∈ Z – {0}
\(\frac{m}{m}\) = 1 = 5°
⇒ (m, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive.
Symmetric:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
\(\frac{m}{n}\) = 5k
\(\frac{n}{m}\) = 5-k
⇒ (n, m) ∈ Z
⇒ R is symmetric.
Transitive:
Let (m, n), (n, p) ∈ R
⇒ \(\frac{m}{n}\) = 5k1 , \(\frac{n}{p}\) = 5k2
⇒ \(\frac{m}{n}\) . \(\frac{n}{p}\) = 5k1 . 5k2
⇒ \(\frac{m}{p}\) = 5 k1+k2
⇒ (m, p) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.
Thus R is an equivalence relation.

(v) R = {(m, n) : mn is divisible by 2} on Z
Reflexive:
3 ∈ Z
3 x 3 = 9
which is not divisible by 2.
∴ (3, 3) ∉ R
⇒ R is not reflexive.
Symmetric:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
⇒ mn is divisible by 2
⇒ nm is divisible by 2
⇒ (n, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric.
Transitive:
⇒ (3, 2), (2, 5) ∈ R
⇒ But 3 x 5 = 15,
⇒ which is not divisible by 2.
⇒ (3, 5) ∉ R
R is not transitive.

(vi) R = {(m, n) : 3 divides m-n} on A = {1, 2, 3……,10}
Reflexive:
Clearly ∀ m ∈ A, m – m = 0
which is divisible by 3
⇒ (m, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive
Symmetric:
Let (m, n) ∈ R
⇒ m – n is divisible by 3
⇒ n – m is also divisible by 3
⇒ (n, m) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric
Transitive:
Let (m, n), (n, p) ∈ R
⇒ m – n and n – p are divisible by 3
⇒ m – n + n – p is also divisible by p.
⇒ m – p is divisible by p.
⇒ (m, p) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.
Thus R is an equivalence relation.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a)

Question 4.
List the members of the equivalence relation defined by the following partitions on X= {1,2,3,4}. Also find the equivalence classes of 1,2,3 and 4.
(i) {{1},{2},{3, 4}}
(ii) {{1, 2, 3},{4}}
(iii) {{1,2, 3, 4}}
Solution:
(i) The equivalence relation is
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (3, 4), (4, 3)}
[1] = {1}, [2] = {2}, [3] = {3, 4} and [4] = {3, 4}

(ii) The equivalence relation is
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
[1] = [2] = [3] = {1, 2, 3}
[4] = {4}

(iii) The equivalence relation is
R = A x A, [1] = [2] = [3] = [4] = A

Question 5.
Show that if R is an equivalence relation on X then dom R = rng R = X.
Solution:
Let R is an equivalence relation on X.
⇒ R is reflexive
⇒ (x, x) ∈ R ∀ x ∈ X
⇒ Dom R = Rng R = X

Question 6.
Give an example of a relation which is
(i) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive.
(ii) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric.
(iii) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive.
(iv) reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive.
(v) transitive but neither reflexive nor symmetric.
(vi) an empty relation.
(vii) a universal relation.
Solution:
(i) The relation R = {(a, b), (b, a), (a, c), (c, a), (a, a), (b, b), (c, c)} defined on the set {a, b, c} is reflexive, symmetric but not transitive.
(ii) “The relation x ≤ y on z” is reflexive, transitive but not symmetric.
(iii) The relation R = {(a, a), (a, b), (a, c), (b, a), (b, b), (b, c), (c, a), (c, b), (c, c)} defined on the set {a, b, c, d} is symmetric, transitive but not reflexive.
(iv) The relation R = {(a, a), (b, b), (c, c), (a, b), (b, c)} defined on the set A = {a, b, c} is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive.
(v) R = {(a, b), (b, c), (a, c)} on A = {a, b, c} is transitive but neither reflexive nor symmetric.
(vi) On N the relation R= {(x, y) : x + y = – 5} is an empty relation.
(vii) On N the relation R = {(x, y) : x + y > 0} is an universal relation.

Question 7.
Let R be a relation on X, If R is symmetric then xRy ⇒ yRx. If it is also transitive then xRy and yRx ⇒ xRx. So whenever a relation is symmetric and transitive then it is also reflexive. What is wrong in this argument?
Solution:
Let R is a relation on X.
If R is symmetric then xRy ⇒ yRx
If R is also transitive then xRy and yRx ⇒ xRx
⇒ Whenever a relation is symmetric and transitive, then it is reflexive. This argument is wrong because the symmetry of R does not imply dom R = X and for reflexive xRx ∀ x ∈ X.

Question 8.
Suppose a box contains a set of n balls (n ≥ 4) (denoted by B) of four different colours (may have different sizes), viz. red, blue, green and yellow. Show that a relation R defined on B as R={(b1, b2): balls b1 and b2 have the same colour} is an equivalence relation on B. How many equivalence classes can you find with respect to R?
[Note: On any set X a relation R={(x, y): x and y satisfy the same property P} is an equivalence relation. As far as the property P is concerned, elements x and y are deemed equivalent. For different P we get different equivalence relations on X]
Solution:
On B, R = {(b1, b2) : balls b1 and b2 have the same colour}

Reflexive:
∀ b ∈ B, b and b are of same colour
⇒ (b, b) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive.

Symmetric:
Let (b1, b2) ∈ R
⇒ b1 and b2 are of same colour
⇒ b2 and b1 are of same colour
⇒ (b2, b1) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric.

Transitive :
Let (b1, b2) and (b2, b3) ∈ R
⇒ b1 and b2 are of same colour
b2 and b3 are of same colour
⇒ b1, b3 are of same colour
⇒ (b1, b3) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive
∴ R is an equivalence relation.
As there are 4 types of balls there are 4 equivalence relations with respect to R.

Question 9.
Find the number of equivalence relations on X={1,2,3}. [Hints: Each partition of a set gives an equivalence relation.]
Solution:
Method – 1: Number of equivalence relations on a set A with | A | = n.
= The number of distinct partitions of A
= Bn
where Bn+1 = \(\sum_{k=0}^n \frac{n !}{k !(n-k) !} \mathrm{B}_k\)
with B0 = 1
Here n = 3
B1 = 1
B2 = \(\frac{1 !}{0 ! 1 !}\) B0 + \(\frac{1 !}{1 ! 1 !}\) B1
= 1 + 1 = 2
B3 = \(\frac{2 !}{0 ! 2 !}\) B0 + \(\frac{2 !}{1 ! 1 !}\) B1 + \(\frac{2 !}{2 ! 0 !}\) B2
= 1 + 2 + 2 = 5
Thus there are 5 equivalence relations.

Method – 2:
X= {1, 2, 3}
Number of equivalence relations = number of distinct partitions.
Different partitions of X are
{{1} {2}, {3}}
{{1}, {2, 3}}, {{2}, {1,3}},
{{3}, {1,2}} and {{1, 2,3}}
Thus number of equivalence relations = 5.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a)

Question 10.
Let R be the relation on the set R of real numbers such that aRb iff a-b is an integer. Test whether R is an equivalence relation. If so find the equivalence class of 1 and ½ w.r.t. this equivalence relation.
Solution:
The relation R on the set of real numbers is defined as
R = {(a, b) : a – b ∈ Z}

Reflexive:
∀ a ∈ R (set of real numbers)
a – a = 0 ∈ Z
⇒ (a, a) ∈ R
⇒ R is reflexive.

Symmetric:
Let (a, b) ∈ R
⇒ a – b ∈ Z
⇒ b – a ∈ Z
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R
⇒ R is symmetric.

Transitive:
Let (a, b), (b, c) ∈ R
⇒ a – b and b – c ∈ Z
⇒ a – b + b – c ∈ Z
⇒ a – c ∈ Z
⇒ (a, c) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.
Thus R is an equivalence relation.
[1] = {x ∈ R : x -1 ∈ Z} = Z
\(\begin{aligned}
{\left[\frac{1}{2}\right] } &=\left\{x \in \mathrm{R}: x-\frac{1}{2} \in \mathrm{Z}\right\} \\
&=\left\{x \in \mathrm{R}: x=\frac{2 k+1}{2}, k \in \mathrm{Z}\right\}
\end{aligned}\)

Question 11.
Find the least positive integer r such that
(i) 185 ∈ [r]7
(ii) – 375 ∈ [r]11
(iii) -12 ∈ [r]13
Solution:
(i) 185 ∈ [r]7
⇒ 185 – r = 7k, k ∈ z and r < 7
⇒ r = 3
(ii) – 375 ∈ [r]7
⇒ – 375 – r = 11k, k ∈ z and r < 11
⇒ r = 10
(iii) – 12 ∈ [r]13
⇒ – 12 – r = 13k, k ∈ z and r < 13
⇒ r= 1

Question 12.
Find least non negative integer r such that
(i) 7 x 13 x 23 x 413 r (mod 11)
(ii) 6 x 18 x 27 x (- 225) = r (mod 8)
(iii) 1237(mod 4) + 985 (mod 4) = r (mod 4)
(iv) 1936 x 8789 = r (mod 4)
Solution:
(i) 7 x 13 x 23 x 413 ≡ r (mod 11)
Now 7 x 13 ≡ 3 mod 11
23 ≡ 1 mod 11
413 ≡ 6 mod 11
∴ 7 x 13 x 23 x 413 ≡ 3 x 1 x 6 mod 11
≡ 18 mod 11
≡ 7 mod 11
∴ r = 7

(ii) 6 x 18 x 27 x – 225 ≡ r (mod 8)
Now 6 x 18 ≡ 108 = 4 mod 8
27 ≡ 3 mod 8
– 225 ≡ 7 mod 8
⇒ 6 x 18 x 27 x – 225 ≡ 4 x 3 x 7 mod 8
≡ 84 mod 8
≡ 4 mod 8
∴ r = 4

(iii) 1237 (mod 4) + 985 (mod 4) r (mod 4)
Now 1237 ≡ 1 mod 4
985 ≡ 1 mod 4
⇒ 1237 (mod 4) + 985 (mod 4)
≡ (1 + 1) mod 4
≡ 2 mod 4
⇒ r = 2

(iv) 1936 x 8789 ≡ r (mod 4)
1936 x 8789 ≡ 0 mod 4
∴ r = 0

Question 13.
Find least positive integer x satisfying 276x + 128 ≡ (mod 7)
[Hint: 276 ≡ 3, 128 ≡ 2 (mod 7)]
Solution:
Now 128 ≡ 2 mod 7
Now 176 x + 128 ≡ 4 mod 7
⇒ 176 x ≡ (4 – 2) mod 7
⇒ 176 x ≡ 2 mod 7
176 x x ≡ 2 mod 7,
But 276 ≡ 3 mod 7
Thus x = 3.

CHSE Odisha Class 12 Math Solutions Chapter 1 Relation and Function Ex 1(a)

Question 14.
Find three positive integers xi, i =1, 2, 3 satisfying 3x ≡ 2 (mod 7)
[Hint: If X1 is a solution then any member of [X1] is also a solution]
Solution:
3x ≡ 2 mod 7
Least positive value of x ≡ 3
Each member of [3] is a solution
∴ x = 3, 10, 17 …..

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 10 Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

प्रश्न और अभ्यास (ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ଔର୍ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ)

1. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दो-तीन वाक्यों में दीजिए।
( ତିନ୍ ୱାର୍କୋ ମେଁ ଦୀଜିଏ।)
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର ଦୁଇ-ତିନୋଟି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଦିଅ।)

(क) साँच या सत्य के बारे में कबीर ने क्या कहा है?
(ସାଁଚ ୟା ସତ୍ୟ କେ ବାରେ ମେଁ କବୀର ନେ କ୍ୟା କହା ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
साँच या सत्य के बारे में कबीर ने कहा है कि: सत्य हमेशा महान होता है। सत्य के समान इस संसार मे कोई तपस्या या ज्ञान नहीं है। जो सत्यवादी होता है, उसका हृदय निर्मल होता है और भगवान का निवास उसके हृदय में होता है। समाज में उसका आदर होता है।

(ख) बुराई करनेवालों की भलाई क्यों करनी चाहिए?
(ବୁରାଈ କରନେବାଲୈ କି ଭଲାଈ କୈ କରନୀ ଚାହିଏ ?)
उत्तर:
बुराई करनेवालों की भलाई इसलिए करनी चाहिए क्योंकि भलाई करने पर बुराई करनेवालों को अच्छा फल मिलता और उनकी बुराई का उन्हें बुरा फल मिलता है। परिणाम स्वरूप वे अपनी करनी पर लज्जित होते हैं और खुद को सुधारने की चेष्टा करते हैं।

(ग) धीरे – धीरे सबकुछ कैसे होता है इसके लिए कवि ने कौन सा -उदाहरण दिया है?
(ଧୀରେ-ଧୀରେ ସବୁକୁଛ୍ କୈସେ ହୋତା ହୈ: ଇସ୍କେ ଲିଏ କବି ନେ କୌନ୍ ସା ଉଦାହରଣ)
उत्तर:
माली के सौ घड़ा पानी सींचने पर भी किसी भी पेड़ में समय से पहले फल नहीं लगते। इसके लिए ऋतु की प्रतीक्षा करनी पड़ती है। उसी प्रकार धीरे धीरे सबकुछ करना चाहिए और उसके लिए धैर्य की आवश्यकता है। कवि ने यही उदाहरण देकर कहा है।

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

2. निम्नलिखित पदों के अर्थ दो-तीन वाक्यों में स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ପଦୌ କେ ଅର୍ଥ ଦୋ-ତୀନ୍ ୱାର୍କୋ ମେଁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ କୀଜିଏ?)
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ପଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଅର୍ଥ ଦୁଇ-ତିନି ବାକ୍ୟରେ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ କର।)

(क) जाके हिरदै साँच है, ताके हिरदै आप।
(ଜାକେ ହିରଦୈ ସାଁଚ୍ ହୈ, ତାକେ ହିରଦୈ ଆପ୍ ।)
उत्तर:
जिसके हृदय में सत्य का निवास है अर्थात् जो हमेशा सत्य बोलता है।, उसका हृदय निर्मल और पाप रहित होता है। कवि के अनुसार उसी व्यक्ति के निर्मल हृदय में भगवान विराजमान करते हैं।

(ख) जो तोको काँटा बुबै ताहि बोय तू फूल।
(ଜୋ ତୋକୋ କାଁଟା ବୁବୈ ତାହି ବୋୟ ତୁ ଫୁଲ୍ ।)
उत्तर:
कवि के अनुसार जो तुम्हारे रास्ते में काँटा बोता है, अर्थात् तुम्हारी बुराई करता है, तुम उसके रास्ते में फूल बिछा दो अर्थात् उसकी भलाई करो। परिणामस्वरूप तुम्हारी अच्छाई से उसे अच्छा फल तो मिलेगा ही और उसकी बुराई से भी उसे बुरा फल मिलेगा। इससे प्रमाणित होता है कि अच्छा काम करने वालों को अच्छा फल मिलता है और बुरे काम करनेवालों को बुरा फल मिलता है।

(ग) माली सींचे सौ घड़ा, ऋतु आए फल होय।
(ମାଲୀ ସ୍ତ୍ରୀଚେ ସୌ ଘଡ଼ା, ଋତୁ ଆଏ ଫଲ୍ ହୋୟ।)
उत्तर:
कबीरदास कहते हैं कि माली के सौ घड़ा पानी सींचने पर भी किसी भी पेड़ में समय के पहले फल नहीं लगते, उसे ऋतु या समय की प्रतीक्षा करनी पड़ती है। अर्थात् कोई भी काम समयानुसार ही होता है। समय से पहले कोई काम नहीं होता।

3. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-एक वाक्य में दीजिए।
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନୋ କେ ଉତ୍ତର ଏକ୍-ଏକ୍ ୱାକ୍ୟ ମେଁ ଦୀଜିଏ ।)
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର ଗୋଟିଏ-ଗୋଟିଏ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ଦିଅ ।)

(क) किसके बराबर तप नहीं है?
(କିସ୍‌ ବରାବର ତପ୍ ନର୍ଜୀ ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
सच के बराबर तप नहीं है।

(ख) झूठ के बराबर क्या नहीं है?
(ଝୁଠ୍ କେ ବରାବର କ୍ୟା ନହୀ ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
झूठ के बराबर पाप नहीं है।

(ग) जिसके हृदय में साँच है, उसके हृदय में कौन होते हैं?
(ଜିସ୍‌ ହୃଦୟ ମେଁ ସୌଚ୍ ହୈ, ଉତ୍ସକେ ହୃଦୟ ମେଁ କୌନ୍ ହୋତେ ହେଁ ?)
उत्तर:
जिसके हृदय में साँच है, उसके हृदय में आप अर्थात् भगवान विराजमान होते हैं।

(घ) झूठ की तुलना किसके साथ की गई है?
(ଝୁଠ୍ କୀ ତୁଲନା କିସ୍କେ ସାଥ୍ କୀ ଗଈ ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
झूठ की तुलना पाप के साथ की गई है।

(ङ) साँच की तुलना किसके साथ की गई है?
(ସଁଚ୍ କୀ ତୁଲନା କିସ୍‌ ସାଥ୍ କୀ ଗଈ ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
साँच की तुलना तप के साथ की गई है।

(च) जो तेरे रास्ते पर काँटा बोता है, तुझे उसके लिए क्या करना चाहिए?
(ଜୋ ତେରେ ରାସ୍ପେପର୍ କାଁଟା ବୋତା ହୈ, ତୁଝେ ଉସ୍କେ ଲିଏ କ୍ୟା)
उत्तर:
जो तेरे रास्ते पर काँटा बोता है, तुझे उसके लिए फूल बिछाना चाहिए।

(छ) पेड़ में कब फल लगते हैं?
(ପେଡ଼୍ ମେଁ କବ୍ ଫଲ୍ ଲଗ୍‌ ହେଁ ?)
उत्तर:
पेड़ में वक्त आने पर फल लगते हैं।

(ज) कौन सौ घड़े पानी सींचता है?
(କୌନ୍ ସୌ ଘଡ଼େ ପାନୀ ସୀତା ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
माली सौ घड़े पानी सींचता है।

(झ) इन दोहों के रचयिता कौन हैं?
(ଇନ୍ ଦୋର୍ଡୋ କେ ରଚୟିତା କୌନ୍ ହେଁ ?)
उत्तर:
इन दोहों के रचयिता कबीरदास हैं।

(ञ) प्रथम दोहे में ‘आप’ शब्द का क्या अर्थ है?
(ପ୍ରଥମ ଦୋହ ମେଁ ‘ଆପ୍’ ଶବ୍ଦ କା କ୍ୟା ଅର୍ଥ ହୈ ?)
उत्तर:
प्रथम दोहे में ‘आप’ शब्द का अर्थ ईश्वर है।

भाषा-ज्ञान (ଭାଷା-ଜ୍ଞାନ)

1. निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विपरीत या बिलोम शब्द लिखिए :
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ବିପରୀତ (ବିଲୋମ) ଶବ୍ଦ ଲେଖ : )
साँच, पाप, बुरा, धीर, काँटा
उत्तर:
साँच – झूठ
धीर – अधीर
पाप – पुण्य
काँटा – फूल
बुरा – भला

2. निम्नलिखित शब्दों के समानार्थी शब्द कोष्ठक से चुन कर लिखिए:
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖ୍ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ସମାନାର୍ଥୀ ଶବ୍ଦ ବନ୍ଧନୀ ମଧ୍ଯରୁ ବାଛିକରି ଲେଖ: )
बराबर, झूठ, पाप, हृदय, फूल, घड़ा, ऋतु
( मौसम, समान, कलुष, दिल, पुष्प, घट)
उत्तर:
बराबर – समान
हृदय – दिल
झूठ – मिथ्या
फूल – पुष्प
पाप – कलुष
घड़ा – घट

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

3. निम्नलिखित शब्दों के बचन बदलिए:
(ନିମ୍ନଲିଖୂତ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ବଚନ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କର: )
पाप, फूल, फल, माली, घड़ा, काँटा, ऋतु
उत्तर:
पाप – पाप
माली – माली
ऋतु – ऋतुएँ।
फूल – फूल
घड़ा – घड़े
फल – फल
काँटा – काँटे

4. इन शब्दों के खड़ीबोली रूप लिखिए:
(ଏହି ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଖଢ଼ୀବୋଲୀ ରୂପ ଲେଖ : )
साँच, जाके, हिरदै, तोको, बुबै, बाको, होय
उत्तर:
साँच – सच
तोको – तुझको
जाके – जिसके
हिरदै – हृदय
बुबै – बोए
बाको – उसको
होय – होता।

Very Short & Objective Type Questions with Answers

A. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में दीजिए।

प्रश्न 1.
संत कबीरदास का जन्म कब और कहाँ हुआ था?
उत्तर:
संत कबीरदास का जन्म काशी के एक हिन्दु-परिवार में सन् 1398 में हुआ था।

प्रश्न 2.
कबीरदास क्यों दुःखी हुए?
उत्तर:
समाज में व्याप्त बुराई को देखकर कबीरदास दुःखी हुए।

प्रश्न 3.
कबीर की भाषा क्या है?
उत्तर:
कबीर की भाषा मिश्रीत खड़ीबोली है।

प्रश्न 4.
कबीर की बाणी कौन सी ग्रंथ में संगृहित हुआ?
उत्तर:
कबीर की बाणी ‘बीजक’ नामक ग्रंथ में संगृहित हुआ।

प्रश्न 5.
कबीरदास के गुरु कौन थे?
उत्तर:
कबीरदास के गुरु रामानन्द स्वामी थे।

प्रश्न 6.
सब कुछ किस प्रकार होता है?
उत्तर:
सब कुछ धीरे-धीरे समय पर होता है।

B. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक शब्द / एक पद में दीजिए।

प्रश्न 1.
माली के सौ घड़े पानी सींचने पर भी फल कब आता है?
उत्तर:
ऋतु आने पर

प्रश्न 2.
किसके बराबर तप नहीं है?
उत्तर:
सच

प्रश्न 3.
जो हमारे रास्ते पर काँटा बोता है, हम उसके रास्ते पर क्या बोएँगे?
उत्तर:
आप (भगवान)

प्रश्न 4.
जाके हिरदै साँच है, ताके हिरदै कौन है?
उत्तर:
फूल

प्रश्न 5.
काँटा बोनेवाले के लिए काँटा क्या बन जाता है?
उत्तर:
त्रिशूल

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

प्रश्न 6.
कबीर की वाणी कौन सी ग्रंथ में संगृहित हुआ?
उत्तर:
बीजक

प्रश्न 7.
झूठ के बराबर क्या नहीं है?
उत्तर:
पाप

प्रश्न 8.
कबीर दास क्यों दुःखी हुए?
उत्तर:
बुराई देखकर

प्रश्न 9.
सब कुछ किस प्रकार होता है?
उत्तर:
ग्वाले

प्रश्न 10.
जो तेरे रास्ते पर काँटा बोता है, तुझे उसके लिए क्या करना चाहिए?
उत्तर:
फूल बिछाना

C. रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए।

प्रश्न 1.
साँच बराबर तप नहीं। इस अधुरी पंक्ति के रचयिता हैं ……………….।
उत्तर:
कबीर

प्रश्न 2.
जिसके हृदय में साँच हैं, उसके हृदय में ………………… होते हैं।
उत्तर:
भगवान

प्रश्न 3.
सत्यवादी के हृदय में …………………. रहते हैं।
उत्तर:
ईश्वर

प्रश्न 4.
सत्यवादी का आदर ……………… होता है।
उत्तर:
समाज में

प्रश्न 5.
अच्छे फल पाने के लिए ……………… करना चाहिए।
उत्तर:
अच्छा काम

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

प्रश्न 6.
जाके ………………. साँच है, ताके हिरदै आप।
उत्तर:
हिरदै

प्रश्न 7.
………………… सौ घड़ा पानी सींचता है?
उत्तर:
माली

प्रश्न 8.
‘तोकु’ शब्द का अर्थ है ……………………।
उत्तर:
तुझको

प्रश्न 9.
कवीरदासजी मन को …………………… धारण करने का उपदेश देते है।
उत्तर:
धीरज

प्रश्न 10.
पेड़ में फल आते है।
उत्तर:
ऋतु आने पर

D. ठिक् या भूल लिखिए।

प्रश्न 1.
चपरासी सौ घड़े पानी सींचता है।
उत्तर:
भूल

प्रश्न 2.
साँच की तुलना सत्य के साथ की गई है।
उत्तर:
भूल

प्रश्न 3.
पाप के साथ झूठ की तुलना की गई है।
उत्तर:
ठिक्

प्रश्न 4.
पानी देने पर पेड़ में फल आते हैं।
उत्तर:
भूल

प्रश्न 5.
अच्छे काम करनेवालों को अच्छा फल मिलता है।
उत्तर:
ठिक्

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

प्रश्न 6.
सब कुछ धीरे-धीरे होता है।
उत्तर:
ठिक्

प्रश्न 7.
‘तोकु फूल को फूल है ……………….. यह अधुरी पंक्ति के रचयिता रहीम है।
उत्तर:
भूल

प्रश्न 8.
निर्मल हृदय में आनंद विराजता है।
उत्तर:
भूल

प्रश्न 9.
झूठ की तुलना पाप के साथ की गई है।
उत्तर:
ठिक्

प्रश्न 10.
कबीर की बाणी बीजक ग्रंथ में संगृहित हुआ है।
उत्तर:
ठिक्

Multiple Choice Questions (mcqs) with Answers

सही उत्तर चुनिए : (MCQS )

1. माली के सौ घड़े पानी सींचने पर भी फल कब आता है?
(A) वर्षा होने पर
(B) जाड़े में
(C) ऋतु आने पर
(D) कभी नहीं
उत्तर:
(C) ऋतु आने पर

2. किसके बराबर तप नहीं है ?
(A) न्याय
(B) प्रेम
(C) साधना
(D) सच
उत्तर:
(D) सच

3. जाके हिरदै साँच है, ताके हिरदै कौन है ?
(A) आप
(B) मैं
(C) वे
(D) तुम
उत्तर:
(A) आप

4. जो हमारे रास्ते पर काँटा बोता है, हम उसके रास्ते पर क्या बोएँगे ?
(A) फूल
(B) त्रिशूल
(C) दो काँटे
(D) चन्दन का पौधा
उत्तर:
(A) फूल

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

5. काँटा बोनेवाले के लिए काँटा क्या बन जाता है?
(A) पंच शूल
(B) फूल
(C) भाला
(D) त्रिशूल
उत्तर:
(D) त्रिशूल

6. किसके बराबर तप नहीं हैं?
(A) पाप
(B) मिथ्या
(C) सच
(D) धन
उत्तर:
(C) सच

7. कौन सौ घड़े पानी सींचता है?
(A) नौकर
(B) मालिक
(C) चपरासी
(D) माली
उत्तर:
(D) माली

8. कबीर की वाणी कौन सी ग्रंथ में संगृहित हुआ?
(A) बीजक
(B) मेघदूत
(C) गोदान
(D) कामायनी
उत्तर:
(A) बीजक

दोहों को समझें (ଦୋହେଁ କୋ ସମସ୍ତେ)

1. सच हमेशा महान होता है। सच के समान इस संसार में तपस्या या ज्ञान नहीं है। उसी प्रकार झूठ के समान कोई पाप नहीं है। इसलिए कबीरदास कहते हैं कि जिसका हृदय निर्मल होता है, जो हमेशा सच बोलता है, उसके हृदय में स्वयं भगवान रहते हैं। अर्थात् सच बोलनेवाले को भगवान के दर्शन मिलते हैं। समाज में उसका आदर होता है। झूठ बोलनेवाले पापी का समाज में निरादार होता है।
ସତ୍ୟ ସବୁବେଳେ ମହାନ୍। ସତ୍ୟ ପରି ଏହି ସଂସାରରେ କୌଣସି ଜ୍ଞାନ କିମ୍ବା ତପସ୍ୟା ନାହିଁ। ମିଛ ପରି ଆଉ କୌଣସି ପାପ ନାହିଁ। କବୀରଙ୍କ ଅନୁସାରେ– ଯିଏ ସବୁବେଳେ ସତ କୁହେ, ତା’ର ହୃଦୟ ନିର୍ମଳ ରୁହେ। ତା’ ହୃଦୟରେ ଭଗବାନ୍ ରୁହନ୍ତି, ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ସତ କହୁଥ‌ିବା ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ଭଗବାନଙ୍କ ସାନ୍ନିଧ୍ଵ ମିଳେ। ସମାଜରେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଆଦର ମିଳେ। ମିଛ କହୁଥିବା ଲୋକ ପାପୀ ସଙ୍ଗେ ସମାନ ହୋଇଥାଏ। ସମାଜରେ ସମସ୍ତେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଘୃଣା

2. कबीरदास कहते हैं: जो तुम्हारे रास्ते में काँटा बोता है अर्थात् तुम्हारी बुराई करता है, तुम उसके रास्ते में फूल बिछा दो अर्थात् उसकी भलाई करो। परिणाम यह होगा कि तुम्हारी अच्छाई से तुम्हें अच्छा फल मिलेगा और उसकी बुराई के लिए उसे बुरा फल मिलेगा। इसका अर्थ है कि अच्छा काम करने पर अच्छा का फल मिलता है और बुरा काम करने से बुरा का फल मिलता है।
ବିଛାଇ ଦିଅ। ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ଯିଏ ତୁମର କ୍ଷତି କରୁଛନ୍ତି ତୁମେ ତାଙ୍କର ଉପକାର କର। ପରିଣାମ ସ୍ଵରୂପ ତୁମ ଭଲ କର୍ମଦ୍ଵାରା ତୁମେ ଭଲ ଫଳ ପାଇବ ଏବଂ ତା’ର କୁକର୍ମଦ୍ଵାରା ତାକୁ ଖରାପ ଫଳ ମିଳିବ। ଭଲ କାମ କଲେ ସବୁବେଳେ ଭଲ ହୋଇଥାଏ ଏବଂ ଖରାପ କାମ କଲେ ସବୁବେଳେ ଖରାପ ଫଳ ଭୋଗ କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିଥାଏ।

3. कबीरदास कहते हैं कि प्रत्येक कार्य समयानुसार धीरे-धीरे होता है। हर कार्य के लिए धैर्य की आवश्यकता है। इसके लिए कबीरदास ने माली और पानी का उदाहरण देकर कहते हैं कि जिसप्रकार माली के सौ घड़ा पानी सींचने पर भी पेड़ में समय आने पर ही फल-फूल आते हैं। अर्थात् ऋतु आने पर ही पेड़ फलता फूलता है। उसी प्रकार हर कार्य समयानुसार धीरे-धीरे होता है और उसका फल उपयुक्त समय पर ही मिलता है।
କବୀରଦାସଙ୍କ ଅନୁସାରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଧୀରେ ଧୀରେ ଓ ସମୟାନୁସାରେ ହୋଇଥାଏ। ଏଥିପାଇଁ ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ହୋଇଥାଏ। ଯେପରି ମାଳୀ ଶହେ ମାଠିଆ ପାଣି ଛିଞ୍ଚିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ବୃକ୍ଷରେ ଫୁଲ-ଫଳ ତା’ର ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ସମୟ ଆସିଲା ପରେ ହିଁ ଧରିଥାଏ। ସେହିପରି ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଫଳ ତା’ର ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ସମୟ ଆସିଲା ପରେ ହିଁ ମିଳିଥାଏ।

दोहे  (ଦେ।ହେ )

(i) साँच बराबर तप नहीं, झुठ बराबर पाप।
जाके हिरदै, साँच है, ताके हिरदै आप।।
ସାଁଚ୍ ବରାବର ତପ୍ ନର୍ଜୀ, ଝୁଠୁ ବରାବର ପାପ୍ ।
ଜାକେ ହିରଦୈ, ସାଁଚ୍ ହୈ, ତାକେ ହିରଦୈ ଆପ୍ ।।

हिन्दी व्याख्या:
कबीरदास कहते हैं कि संसार में सत्य के समान तपस्या या ज्ञान नहीं है। झूठ या मिथ्या के समान पाप या बुरा काम नहीं है। जिसके हृदय में सत्य का निवास है, जो हमेशा सच बोलता है, उसका हृदय पाप रहित और निर्मल होता है। भगवान उसके निर्मल हृदय में वास करते हैं। सत्यवादी को ही भगवान के दर्शन मिलते हैं।
ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ:
ସର୍ବଦା ପରି ପାପ ନାହିଁ । ସତ୍ୟ କହନ୍ତି; ତାଙ୍କ ହୃଦୟ ପାପମୁକ୍ତ ଭଗବାନ ଦର୍ଶନ ଦେଇଥା’ନ୍ତି । କବୀର ଦାସଙ୍କ କହିବା ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ସଂସାରରେ ସତ୍ୟ ପରି ତପସ୍ୟା ବା ଜ୍ଞାନ ନାହିଁ । ମିଥ୍ୟା ମହାନ୍ ବା ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ । ଯାହା ହୃଦୟରେ ସତ୍ୟ ବିରାଜମାନ କରିଛି, ଯିଏ ସର୍ବଦା ସତ୍ୟ

(ii) जो तोको काँटा बुबै ताहि बोय तू फूल।
तोकु फूल को फूल है, बाको है तिरसूल॥
ଜୋ ତୋକୋ କାଁଟା ବୁବୈ ତାହି ବୋୟ ତୁ ଫୁଲ୍ ।
ତୋକୁ ଫୁଲ୍ କୋ ଫୁଲ୍ ହୈ, ବାକୋ ହୈ ତିରସ୍କୁଲ୍ ॥

हिन्दी व्याख्या:
कबीरदास कहते हैं कि जो मनुष्य तुम्हारे रास्ते में काँटा बोता है, इसके रास्ते पर तुम फूल बिछा दो। तुम्हारे अहित करने वाले मनुष्य का भी तुम्हें हित करना चाहिए। क्योंकि इससे तुम्हें तो सुख या आनंद मिलेगा, जबकि उसको दुःख या कष्ट मिलेगा। अहित करने वाले को हमेशा दुःख ही सहन करना पड़ता है।
ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ:
କବୀରଙ୍କ ମତରେ ଯେଉଁ ଲୋକ ତୁମ ଚଲାପଥରେ କଣ୍ଟା ପକାଇ ଦେଉଛି, ତୁମେ ତାଙ୍କ ପଥରେ ଫୁଲ ପକାଇଦିଅ । ତୁମର ଅହିତ ଚିନ୍ତା କରୁଥିବା ଲୋକର ହିତ ଚିନ୍ତା କରିବା ଉଚିତ । ଏଥୁରେ ତୁମେ ସୁଖ ବା ଆନନ୍ଦ ପାଇବ କିନ୍ତୁ ତାକୁ ଦୁଃଖ ବା କଷ୍ଟ ମିଳିବ । ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ ଅନ୍ୟକୁ ବିପଦରେ ପକାଉଥିବା ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିକୁ ସର୍ବଦା ଦୁଃଖ ସହିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବ । ତେଣୁ ଭଲ କାମ କର, ଭଲ ଫଳ ଉପଭୋଗ କରିବ।

(iii) धीरे-धीरे रे मना, धीरे-धीरे सब कुछ होय।
माली सीचें सौ घड़ा, ऋतु आए फल होय।।
ଧୀରେ-ଧୀରେ ରେ ମନା, ଧୀରେ-ଧୀରେ ସବ୍ କୁଛ୍ ହୋୟ।
ମାଲୀ ସୀଚେଁ ସୌ ଘଡ଼ା, ଋତୁ ଆଏ ଫଲ୍ ହୋୟ।।

हिन्दी व्याख्या:
कबीरदास का कहना है कि हर काम धीरे-धीरे होता है। उसके लिए धैर्य की आवश्यकता है। कवि उसके लिए उदाहरण देकर कहते हैं कि माली के सौ घड़ा पानी सींचने पर भी कुछ लाभ नहीं होता, समय आने पर ही पेड़ में फल आते हैं। उसके पहले नहीं आते। इसलिए हर काम के लिए समय की प्रतीक्षा करनी पड़ती है।
ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ:
କବୀରଙ୍କ ମତରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ସମୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ସମାପ୍ତ ହୋଇଥାଏ। ଏଥ‌ିପାଇଁ ଅଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନ ହୋଇ ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ ରଖୁବା ଉଚିତ। ଯେପରି ମାଳୀର ଶହେ ମାଠିଆ ପାଣି ଛିଞ୍ଚିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ବୃକ୍ଷରେ ଫୁଲ- ଫଳ ସମୟ ନ ଆସିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ହୋଇନଥାଏ। ସମୟ ଆସିଲା ପରେ ହିଁ ବୃକ୍ଷରେ ଫୁଲ-ଫଳ ଆସିଥାଏ। ଠିକ୍ ସେହିପରି ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଫଳ ତା’ର ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ସମୟ ଆସିଲା ପରେ ହିଁ ମିଳିଥାଏ। ତେଣୁ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ କାମ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରତୀକ୍ଷା କରିବା ଉଚିତ।

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

शबनार: (ଶରାର୍ଥି)

साँच – सत्य (ସତ୍ୟ )।

तप – तपस्या (ତପସ୍ୟା)।

जाके – जिसके (ଯାହାର)।

हिरदै – हृदय (ହୃଦୟ)।

तोको – तुझको (ତୁମକୁ)।

ताहि – उसे (ତା’ର)।

तोकु – तुझको (ପତାର)।

तिरसूल – त्रिशूल (ତ୍ରିଶୂଳ)।

होय – होता है (ହୁଏ)।

घड़ा – कुंभ (ମାଠିଆ)।

बराबर – समान (ସମାନ)।

झूठ – मिथ्या (ମିଛ)।

ताके – उसके (ତାହାର)।

आप – भगवान (ଭଗବାନ୍)।

बुबै – बोता है (ବୁଣେ)।

बोय – बो (ବୁଣ)।

बाको – उसको (ତାକୁ)।

मना – मन (ମନ)।

सींचे – सींचना (ଛିଞ୍ଚିବା)।

ऋतु – समय (ସମୟ)।

BSE Odisha 10th Class Hindi Solutions Poem 1(a) कबीरदास के दोहे

कवि परिचय

कबीरदास का जन्म सन् 1398 में काशी में हुआ था। कहा जाता है कि वे एक तालाब के किनारे मिले। एक जुलाहा दंपति ने उनका पालन पोषण किया। वे कपड़ा बुनने का काम करते थे। ज्यादा पढ़े- लिखे नहीं थे, लेकिन बड़े अनुभवी थे। बुद्धि, विवेक से काम लेते थे। बहुत बातें जानते थे। वे सभी धर्मों को बराबर मानते थे। वे ईश्वर के निर्गुण, निराकार रूप को मानते थे। उस समय धर्म और समाज में बड़ी गड़बड़ी थी। कबीर ने अपनी वाणी से उसे दूर करने का प्रयास किया। लोगों में जाति-पाति, ऊँच-नीच का भेद भाव था। विभिन्न धर्मों के अनुयायी आपस में झगड़ते थे।

बाह्य आडंबर, अंधविश्वास फैल गया था। कबीर जाति भेद, मूर्ति पूजा, बाहरी आडंबर आदि का विरोध करते थे। वे कहते थे कि सब मनुष्य बराबर हैं। वे बाहरी धार्मिक कर्म काण्ड की अपेक्षा भक्तिभाव पर बल देते थे। वे तीर्थ व्रत, जप-तप, मूर्त्ति पूजा आदि बाहरी काम छोड़ सच्चे दिल से भगवान की भक्ति करने को कहते थे। वे सदाचार, सच्चाई, भाईचारे, धार्मिक सहिष्णुता का प्रचार करते थे। कबीर का व्यक्तित्व सादा -सीधा पर बड़ा प्रभावशाली था। उनकी वाणियों को उनके शिष्यों ने ‘बीजक’ नामक ग्रंथ में संगृहीत किया। उनकी भाषा मिश्रित खड़ीबोली है, जो उस समय जन समाज में प्रचलित थी। वे अपने गुरु रामानंद स्वामी का बड़ा आदर करते थे।

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up

Odisha State Board BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

BSE Odisha Class 7 English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up Text Book Questions and Answers

Session – 1 (ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ)

I. Pre-Reading (ପୂର୍ବ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି)
1. Teacher will say, “Now you are students.
(ଶିକ୍ଷକ କହିବେ, ପିଲାମାନେ ତୁମେ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ବିଦ୍ୟାର୍ଥୀ ।)

  • What do you want to be in your future?”
    (ତୁମେସବୁ ଭବିଷ୍ୟତରେ କ’ଣ ହେବାକୁ ଚାହିଁବ ?)
    Answer: I want to be a policeman/teacher/doctor / social worker/journalist etc. in future.

2. Teacher will collect answers from a number of students and then s/he will say: Let us read a poem to know about a child’s wish, what he wants to be in his future when he grows up.
(ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଅନେକ ବିଦ୍ୟାର୍ଥୀଙ୍କଠାରୁ ଉତ୍ତର ଆଦାୟ କରିବା ପରେ କହିବେ : ଚାଲ ଗୋଟିଏ ଛୋଟ ପିଲାର ଅଭିଳାଷ | ଇଚ୍ଛା ବାବଦରେ ଏକ କବିତାରୁ ପଢ଼ିବା । ସେ ଯେତେବେଳେ ଭବିଷ୍ୟତରେ ବଡ଼ ହେବ, ସେ କ’ଣ ହେବାକୁ ଇଚ୍ଛା କରୁଛି ?)

II. While Reading (ପଠନକାଳୀନ)
Text(ପାଠ୍ୟବସ୍ତୁ)

  • Read the poem silently and answer the questions that follow.
    (କବତାଟିକୁ ନୀରବରେ ପାଠ କର ଏବଂ ନିମ୍ନପ୍ରଦତ୍ତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅ ।)

1. When I grow up
I want to be;
A detective
With a master key.

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up session 1 poem 1

2. I could be a soldier
Perhaps a sailor too;
Or become a keeper
At Nandankanan zoo.

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up session 1 poem 2

3. I’d like to own a trumpet
And play a musical tune;
Or buy a private space-ship
To fly me to the moon.

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up session 1 poem 3

4. I’d like to be the driver
Of an express diesel train;
Or be a light-house-keeper
Where I want and when.

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up session 1 poem 4

5. For the more one lives
The more one learns;
I think I will be all these things
And go on taking turns.

୧. ମୁଁ ଯେତେବେଳେ ବଡ଼ ହେବି
ମୁଁ ମୁଖ୍ୟ
ଗୋଟେ ଗୋଇନ୍ଦା (ପୋଲିସ) ହେବି
ପ୍ରଧାନ ଚାବି ଧରି ।

୨. ମୁଁ ହେବି ଗୋଟେ ସୈନିକ
ବୋଧହୁଏ ଏକ ନାବିକ ହୋଇପାରେ
କିମ୍ବା ହେବି ଏକ ରକ୍ଷକ
ଏପରିକି ନନ୍ଦନକାନନ ଚିଡ଼ିଆଖାନାର ।

୩. ମୁଁ ଗୋଟେ ବାଦ୍ୟଯନ୍ତ୍ର ହାସଲ କରିବି
ଏବଂ ଗୋଟେ ଯାନ୍ତ୍ରିକ ଧୂନ୍ (ବଜାଇବି) ଦେବି
କିମ୍ବା ଗୋଟେ ଘରୋଇ ମହାକାଶଯାନ କିଣିବି
ଯାହା ମୋତେ ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରକୁ ନେଇଯିବ ।

୪. ମୁଁ ଗୋଟେ ଚାଳକ ହେବାକୁ ଚାହିଁବି
ଗୋଟେ ଦ୍ରୁତଗାମୀ ଡିଜେଲ ଟ୍ରେନ୍‌ର
ହେବି ଗୋଟେ ବତୀଘରର ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶକ
ଯେଉଁଠି ରହିବି ଏବଂ ଯେତେବେଳେ ।

୫. ଯିଏ ଯେତେ ଅଧ‌ିକ ଜୀଇଁବ
ସେତେ ଅଧ୍ଵ ଶିଖ୍
ମନ ମୋର ଚାହେଁ ମୁଁ ସେସବୁ ହେବି
ଏବଂ ଆଗେଇ ଚାଲିବି ମୋଡ଼ ବଦଳାଇ ।

Notes And Glossary: (ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥ) :
grow up (ଗ୍ରୋ ଅପ୍) – ବଡ଼ ହେବା
want (ଣୁ) – ଇଚ୍ଛା କରିବା / ଚାହିଁବା
detective (ଡଟେକ୍ଲିଭ୍) – ଗୋଇନ୍ଦା
master key (ମାଷ୍ଟର କୀ) – ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଚାବି
soldier (ସୋଲଜର) – ସୈନିକ
sailor (ସେଲର) – ନାବିକ
too (ମୁ) – ମଧ୍ଯ
keeper (କିପର) – ଜଗୁଆଳ/ରକ୍ଷକ
zoo (ଜୁ) – ଚିଡ଼ିଆଖାନା
own (ଓନ୍) – ଲାଭ କରିବା/ଅଧୁକାର କରିବା
trumpet (ଟ୍ରମେଟ୍) – ତୂରୀ (ଏକ ବାଦ୍ୟଯନ୍ତ୍ର)
musical tune (ମ୍ୟୁଜିକାଲ୍ ଟ୍ୟୁନ୍) – ସାଙ୍ଗୀତିକ ସ୍ୱର
moon (ମୁନ୍) – ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର/ଜହ୍ନ
driver (ଡ୍ରାଇଭର୍) – ଗାଡ଼ି ଚାଳକ
diesel train (ଡିଜେଲ୍‌ ଟ୍ରେନ୍) – ଡିଜେଲଚାଳିତ
light-house-keeper – ଲାଇଟ୍-ହାଉସ୍ -କିପର
turns (ଟର୍ଣ୍ଣସ୍ ) – ମୋଡ଼/ପାଳି

  •  Your teacher reads the poem aloud.
    (ତୁମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଉଚ୍ଚସ୍ଵରରେ କବିତାଟିକୁ ପଢ଼ିବେ ।)
  • Your teacher asks you who is there in the poem.
    (ତୁମ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ତୁମକୁ ପଚାରିବେ କବିତାରେ କିଏ କିଏ ଅଛନ୍ତି ।)
  • Your teacher reads the poem aloud for the second time.
    (ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟବାର କବିତାକୁ ସରବ ପାଠ କରିବେ ।)
  • You listen to him / her and at the same time see the poem.
    (ତୁମେ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଶୁଣିବ ଏବଂ ସେହି ସମୟରେ କବିତାଟିକୁ ପୁସ୍ତକରୁ ଦେଖୁବ ।)
  • Now you read the poem silently and answer the following questions.
    ( ଏବେ ତୁମେ ନୀରବରେ କବିତାଟିକୁ ପାଠକର ଏବଂ ନିମ୍ନ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନମାନଙ୍କର ଉତ୍ତର ପ୍ରଦାନ କର ।)

Comprehension Questions (ବୋଧପରିମାପକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନବଳୀ) :

Question 1.
Who is “I” in the poem? (କବିତାରେ “ମୁଁ” କିଏ?)
Answer:
The poet in the guise of a child refers as “I” in the poem.

Question 2.
What does the child want to be in the 1st stanza?
(ପ୍ରଥମ ପଦରେ ପିଲାଟି କ’ଣ ହେବାକୁ ଇଚ୍ଛା କରିଛି ?)
Answer:
The child wants to be a detective (Police officer) in the 1st stanza.

Question 3.
In the 2nd stanza the child likes three types of work. What are they?
(ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ପଦରେ ପିଲାଟି ତିନି ପ୍ରକାର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରିଛି ? ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକ କ’ଣ ?)
Answer:
The child likes to work as a soldier, as a sailor and thirdly as a keeper of the Nandankanan zoo as stated in stanza-2.

Question 4.
In which stanza does the poet describe a child’s interest for music?
(କେଉଁ ପଦରେ କବି ପିଲାଟିର ସଙ୍ଗୀତ ପ୍ରତି ଆଗ୍ରହ ଥିବା କଥା ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରିଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
In the third stanza the poet describes the child’s interest for music.

Question 5.
How does he want to fly to the moon?
(ସେ କିପରି ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରକୁ ଉଡ଼ିଯିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
He intends to fly to the moon by a space-ship.

Question 6.
What does the child want to be in stanza-4?
(ପିଲାଟି ଷ୍ଟୋଜା -4 ରେ କ’ଣ ହେବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛି )
Answer:
The child wants to be the driver of an express diesel-train or a light house keeper in stanza-4.

Question 7.
Is the last stanza different from other stanzas? How?
(ଶେଷ ପଦଟି ଅନ୍ୟ ପଦଗୁଡ଼ିକଠାରୁ ଭିନ୍ନ କି ? କିପରି ?)
Answer:
Yes, the last stanza is different from the other four stanzas. Each one of the four stanzas describes about the child’s desire whereas in the last stanza the real aim of a human life is described.

Question 8.
The poet wants to take up different types of work. Which lines tell you so? (stanza-5)
(କବି ବିଭିନ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାର ବୃତ୍ତି ଅବଲମ୍ବନ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି । କେଉଁ ଧାଡ଼ିଗୁଡ଼ିକ ତୁମକୁ ଏହା କହୁଛି ?)
Answer:
The lines ‘I think I will be all these things, and go on taking turns’ in stanza-5 tell us that the poet in guise of a child wants to take up different types of work.

Question 9.
Does he want to take up only one job he describes or all the jobs one after another?
(ସେ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରିଥିବା ଗୋଟିଏ କାମ ସେ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି କିମ୍ବା ଗୋଟିକ ପରେ ଗୋଟିଏ କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ? )
Answer:
He wants to take up all the jobs one after another as he goes on taking turns.

Question 10.
Which word/phrase tells so in the last stanza?
(ଶେଷ ପଦରେ କେଉଁ ଶବ୍ଦ ବା ବାକ୍ୟାଶ ଏହା କହିଛି ?)
Answer:
The phrase ‘And go on taking turns’ says so.

Question 11.
Why does he want to take up all the jobs one after another?
(କାହିଁକି ସେ ଗୋଟିଏ ପରେ ଗୋଟିଏ କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
Human interest climbs up and up as one grows up. So he wants to take up all the jobs one after another.

Question 12.
In which stanza does he want to take up minimum number of jobs?
(କେଉଁ ପଦରେ ସେ ସବୁଠାରୁ କମ୍‌ସଂଖ୍ୟକ କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ? )
Answer:
In first stanza he wants to take up minimum number of jobs.

Question 13.
In which stanza does he want to take up maximum number of jobs?
(କେଉଁ ପଦରେ ସେ ସର୍ବାଧ‌ିକ ସଂଖ୍ୟକ କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
In the last (5th) stanza he wants to take up maximum number of jobs.

Session – 2 (ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ)

III. Post-Reading (ପଠନ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ)
The teacher will design activities following the main lesson. However, some activities have been done.
(ଶିକ୍ଷକ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପାଠ୍ୟ ଅନୁରୂପ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟାବଳୀ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରିବେ । ତଥାପି କେତେକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟାବଳୀ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ।)

Session – 3 (ତୃତୀୟ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ)

1.Vocabulary ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ:
Stated below are some jobs/professions. Describe each of the jobs as shown in an example with the tips provided.
tailor, teacher, doctor, zoo-keeper, sailor, pilot, driver, football player, cricketer, tennis player, farmer. (Questions with Answers)

tailor: One who stiches cloth is a tailor.
driver: One who drives a car / bus / truck is a driver.
football player: One who plays football is a football player.
cricketer: One who plays cricket is a cricketer.
doctor : (treat patients): One who treats patients is a doctor.
teacher: One who teaches students is a teacher.
zoo-keeper: One who keeps/takes care of animals in a zoo is a zoo-keeper.
sailor (sails ship): One who sails ship in the sea/river is a sailor.
farmer: One who does farm work/cultivates in a farm is a farmer.
tennis player: One who plays tennis is a tennis player.
pilot: One who flies an aeroplane in the sky is a pilot

Session – 4 (ଚତୁର୍ଥ ପର୍ୟ୍ୟାୟ)

2. Usage (ପ୍ରଚଳିତ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ) :
Look at this sentence: The more one lives, the more one learns.
Using the hints given, write similar sentences. (Questions with Answers)
(i) (read, learn) The more one reads, the more one learns.
(ii) (save, become rich) The more one saves (money/wealth), the more one becomes rich.
(iii) (do exercises, become healthy) The more one does exercises, the more one becomes healthy.
(iv) (get, want) The more one gets, the more he wants.

Session – 5 (ଷଷ୍ଠ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ)

3. Writing (ଲିଖନାତ୍ମକ)
(a) Answer the following questions.

Question (i).
What does the child/poet want to become in the third stanza?
(କବି/ପିଲା ତୃତୀୟ ପଦରେ କ’ଣ ହେବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
The poet wants to become a musician or an astronaut in the third stanza.

Question (ii).
Where does he want to be a keeper?
(ସେ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଜଗୁଆଳ ହେବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
He wants to be a keeper in Nandankanan zoo or in a lighthouse.

Question (iii).
Where does he want to fly with the spaceship?
(ସେ ମହାକାଶଯାନରେ କେଉଁଠାକୁ ଉଡ଼ିଯିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
He wants to fly with the space-ship to the moon,

Question (iv).
Why does he want to take up many jobs?
(ସେ କାହିଁକି ଅନେକ କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଛନ୍ତି ?)
Answer:
He grows up and his interests grow up at par. To fulfil his multi interests he wants to take up many jobs.

(b) Do an interview and write a brief report. Students move around in the class and interview five of their classmates with the interview slip below. Each student uses one interview slip for interviewing one classmate.

Good morning!
How are you?What is your name, please? _____________
What do you want to become in future? ______________
Thanks. Bye.

Write the responses of the person interviewed and write a report using the format given below.
___________five persons. One of them wants to_________. Two of them want to___________. The names of persons interviewed are ________________________________.
Answer:
I interview five persons. One of them wants to become an engineer. Two of them want to become doctors. Another one wants to become a cricket player. The other one wants to become a film star. The names of persons interviewed are Sailesh. Pratap. Pradeep. Jiten and Nilima

(c) Write a poem of your own. The poem will have two stanzas of four lines each. The last word of the second line rhymes with the last word of the fourth line.
(Rhyming words: sailor, tailor/sweeper, keeper)
I want to ____________________
______________________________
______________________________
________________________ tailor.

______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________.

Answer:
I want to become a doctor
Perhaps to become a sailor;
I want to make dresses
And become a good tailor

I want to become a farmer
Or may become a sweeper;
I love all animals
And wants to be a zoo keeper.

Word Note: (The words/phrases have been defined mostly on their contextual meanings)

climb(କ୍ଲାଇମ୍ବ)- go up high (ଚଢିବା)
detective – a person who investigates crimes (ଯେଉଁ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଗୁପ୍ତ ଭାବରେ ସମାଚାର ସଂଗ୍ରହ କରେ)
keeper (କିପର) (in Nandan Kanan) – animal caretaker/guard
light house(ଲାଇଟ୍ ହାଉସ୍) – tower with light at the top at the sea shore to guide ships
light housekeeper – a worker in the light house
lying (ଲାଇଙ୍ଗ୍) – resting, sleeping (ଶୋଇ ରୁହନ୍ତି)
master key – a special key – that can open a number of locks(ଅନେକ ତାଲା ଖୋଲି ପାରୁଥିବା ସ୍ଵତନ୍ତ୍ର ଚାବି)
roam (ରୋମ୍) – moving aimlessly, wander
sailor (ସେଲର) – seaman (ନାବିକ)
skipping (ସ୍କିପିଙ୍ଗ୍) – jumping lightly over a skipping rope ( ଦଉଡ଼ି ଡିଆଁ ଡେଇଁବା)
soldier (ସୋଲଜର)- a member of an army (ସୈନିକ)
spaceship (କୈସିପ୍) – space vehicle(ମହାକାଶଯାନ)
taking turn (ଟେକିଙ୍ଗ୍ ଟର୍ଷ) – one after another (ଗୋଟିଏ ପରେ ଗୋଟିଏ )
trumpet (ଟ୍ରମେଟ୍) – brass wind musical instrument

BSE Odisha 7th Class English Solutions Follow-Up Lesson 1 When I Grow Up Important Questions and Answers

(A) Choose the right answer from the options.

Question 1.
When a child grows up, he wants to become a
(i) detective
(ii) teacher
(iii) doctor
(iv) pilot
Answer:
(i) detective

Question 2.
A detective always keeps a ________ with him.
(i) invisible dress
(ii) master key
(iii) dress of a begger
(iv) pistol
Answer:
(ii) master key

Question 3.
When the speaker grows up he wants to become
(i) soldier
(ii) sailor
(iii) keeper at Nandankanan zoo
(iv) all the above one he liked
Answer:
(iv) all the above one he liked

Question 4.
The child wats to buy a trumpet to
(i) play a musical tune
(ii) play with as dolls
(iii) show his friends
(iv) none of the above
Answer:
(i) play a musical tune

Question 5.
A child wants to buy a private spaceship
(i) to fly over in the ocean
(ii) to visit his distant friends
(iii) to fly over the mountains
(iv) to fly him to the moon
Answer:
(iv) to fly him to moon

Question 6.
The child wants to do all the jobs
(i) at a time
(ii) taking turns
(iii) what he prefers first
(iv) according to the advice of his father
Answer:
(ii) taking turns

(B) Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why does the poet want to be a detective?
Answer:
A detective opens out the mystery of everything. He catches criminals. So the poet wants to be a detective.

Question 2.
Why does the poet wants to be a keeper of Nandankanan zoo?
Answer:
The poet wants to be a keeper of Nandankanan zoo because he can see and enjoy himself in the zoo. Different animals and their activities
will keep him glad all the time.

Question 3.
Does the poet a lover of music?
Answer:
Yes, the poet is a lover of music. So he wants to buy a trumpet to play a magical tune.

Question 4.
Does the poet want to explore the space?
Answer:
Yes, the poet wants to explore the space, so he wants to buy a spaceship.